Rational coupling of hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) and oxygen evolution reaction(OER) catalysts is extremely important for practical overall water splitting,but it is still challenging to construct such bifunctiona...Rational coupling of hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) and oxygen evolution reaction(OER) catalysts is extremely important for practical overall water splitting,but it is still challenging to construct such bifunctional heterostructures.Herein,we present a metal-organic framework(MOF)-etching strategy to design free-standing and hierarchical hollow CoS_(2)-MoS_(2) heteronanosheet arrays for both HER and OER.Resulting from the controllable etching of MOF by MoO_(4)^(2-) and in-situ sulfuration,the obtained CoS_(2)-MoS_(2) possesses abundant heterointerfaces with modulated local charge distribution,which promote water dissociation and rapid electrocatalytic kinetics.Moreover,the two-dimensional hollow array architecture can not only afford rich surface-active sites,but also facilitate the penetration of electrolytes and the release of evolved H_(2)/O_(2) bubbles.Consequently,the engineered CoS_(2)-MoS_(2) heterostructure exhibits small overpotentials of 82 mV for HER and 266 mV for OER at 10 mA cm^(-2).The corresponding alkaline electrolyzer affords a cell voltage of 1.56 V at 10 mA cm^(-2) to boost overall water splitting,along with robust durability over 24 h, even surpassing the benchmark electrode couple composed of IrO_(2) and Pt/C The present work may provide valuable insights for developing MOF-derived heterogeneous electrocatalysts with tailored interface/surface structure for widespread application in catalysis and other energyrelated areas.展开更多
Objective: The current surgical treatment guidelines for early proximal gastric cancer(PGC) still lack agreement. Lymphadenectomy of lymph nodes No. 5 and No. 6 is the major difference between total and proximal gastr...Objective: The current surgical treatment guidelines for early proximal gastric cancer(PGC) still lack agreement. Lymphadenectomy of lymph nodes No. 5 and No. 6 is the major difference between total and proximal gastrectomy. We elucidated the appropriate surgical procedure for PGC by investigating the pathological characteristics and prognostic significance of lymph nodes No. 5 and No. 6.Methods: In total, 333 PGC patients who underwent total gastrectomy were enrolled in this study. We investigated their clinicopathological characteristics and the metastatic patterns of the lymph nodes. Patients with metastasis in lymph nodes No. 5 and No. 6 were combined into one group and we compared the difference in survival between those with and without metastasis in lymph nodes No. 5, 6(lymph nodes No. 5 and No. 6 in any group of metastasis) for different subgroups.Results: The metastatic rates for lymph nodes No. 5 and No. 6 in PGC were 9.91% and 16.11%, respectively.The metastatic rate for both lymph nodes No. 5, 6 was 20.42%. Multivariate analysis showed that positive metastasis in lymph node No. 4, depth of invasion, and tumor size were independently correlated with the presence of metastasis in lymph nodes No. 5, 6.Conclusions: When lymph node No. 4 is positive(intraoperative pathology) or tumor size ≥5 cm or T4 stage,lymphadenectomy should be performed for lymph nodes No. 5 and No. 6, and total gastrectomy is recommended.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To screen metastatic-related genes in human gastric cancer by a low-density cDNA microarray technique. METHODS A total of 18 paired gastric cancer and adjacent normal mu-cosa were examined by a low-density c...OBJECTIVE To screen metastatic-related genes in human gastric cancer by a low-density cDNA microarray technique. METHODS A total of 18 paired gastric cancer and adjacent normal mu-cosa were examined by a low-density cDNA microarray containing 23 genes. RT-PCR was used for further verification. RESULTS The mRNA expression of MMP -7, heparanase, S100A4, hTERT, hRad17 in gastric cancers was higher than that in coupled normal mucosa (P=0.002, 0.00011, 0.000072, 0.002, 0.00016 respectively), whereas nm23H1, and CDH1 were lower (P=0.003, 0.012 respectively). The concordance was verified further by RT-PCR with a correlation coefficient of 0.774. In gastric primary lesions the mRNA expression of MMP-7, heparanase and S100A4 was higher in the serosa involved compared to non-involved (P=0.003, 0.009, 0.012 respectively), whereas nm23H1, CDH1, KAI1 were lower (P=0.001, 0.001, 0.006 respectively). With respect to the area of serosa involvement, MMP-7 and heparanase expressions were higher in an area of more than 20 cm2 compared to an area of less than 20 cm2 (P=0.001, 0.02 respectively), whereas nm23H1, CDH1 and KAI1 were lower (P=0.030, 0.041, 0.031 respectively). MMP-7 and hTERT expressions were higher in the heavier lymph node metastatic cases (no less than 7) than in the lighter lymph node metastatic cases (no more than 6, P=0.001, 0.005 respectively). CONCLUSION Expression of MMP -7, S100A4, heparanase, hTERT, KAI1, CDH1 and nm23H1 correlated closely with invasion and metastasis in gastric carcinomas. The low-density cDNA microarrays can be used to examine the expression of many genes simultaneously, parallely and quickly.展开更多
Let f be a continuous map on infra-solvmanifold M of type(R)and N^(∞)(f)be the asymptotic Nielsen number of f.In this paper,the sufficient conditions to assure that log N^(∞)(f)is the infimum of topological entropie...Let f be a continuous map on infra-solvmanifold M of type(R)and N^(∞)(f)be the asymptotic Nielsen number of f.In this paper,the sufficient conditions to assure that log N^(∞)(f)is the infimum of topological entropies of the homotopy class of the map f are given by using Nielsen fixed point theory.These conclusions will generalize the similar results on infra-nilmanifolds.展开更多
B7-H3 is a recently identified member of the B7 gene family. Its ubiquitous expression in both lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues suggests that it could play an important role in the maintenance of self-tolerance. Howev...B7-H3 is a recently identified member of the B7 gene family. Its ubiquitous expression in both lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues suggests that it could play an important role in the maintenance of self-tolerance. However, the exact function of B7-H3 is still elusive. The purpose of current study is to demonstrate the possible function of soluble mouse B7-H3 for prevention of DC-mediated T cell activation. For this purpose, we established a soluble mouse B7-H3 fusion protein （mB7h3-hIg） eukaryotic expression vector （pmB7h3-hIg） with a C-terminal human IgG1 Fc. A C57BL/6 （B6）-derived dendritic cell line （DC2.4 cells） was used for the establishment of stable transfectants for generation of soluble mB7h3-hIg. Ectopic mB7h3-hIg expression was confirmed by RT-PCR, Western blot and ELISA analyses. A 49.7 kD protein was detected by Western blot from DC2.4 cells transfected with pmB7h3-hlg. It was found that soluble mB7h3-hIg expression has no effect on cell cycling and apoptosis and the expression of CD80 and CD86 of the DC2.4 cells. However, ectopic soluble mB7h3-hIg expression was found to significantly affect the allo-stimulatory capability for DC2.4 cells. DC2.4 cells expressing soluble mB7h3-hIg showed a significant reduced allo-stimulatory capability as compared with the controls determined by MLC. Further studies revealed that soluble mB7h3-hIg could also inhibit IL-2 and IFN-γ, production of allogenic T cells. These results suggested a great potential of soluble B7-H3 for treatment of graft rejection and autoimmume disease. Cellular ＆ Molecular Immunology. 2006;3（3）：235-240.展开更多
We investigated CD19^(+)CD34^(+)and CD19^(+)CD34 B cells from cord blood(CB)and typical patients with B cell lineage acute and chronic lymphocytic leukemia(B-ALL and B-CLL)in terms of expression and functions of CXCR5...We investigated CD19^(+)CD34^(+)and CD19^(+)CD34 B cells from cord blood(CB)and typical patients with B cell lineage acute and chronic lymphocytic leukemia(B-ALL and B-CLL)in terms of expression and functions of CXCR5/CXCL13 and CCR7/CCL19.CXCR5 and CCR7 were selectively frequent expressed on B-ALL,B-CLL and CB CD19^(+)CD34^(+)B cells,but not on CD19^(+)CD34 B cells.Instead of induction of impressive chemotactic responsiveness,CXCL13 and CCL19 together induced significant resistance to TNF-α-mediated apoptosis in B-ALL and B-CLL but not CB CD19^(+)CD34^(+)B cells.B-ALL and B-CLL CD19^(+)CD34^(+)B cells expressed elevated level of Paternally Expressed Gene 10(PEG10),and CXCL13 and CCL19 together significantly up-regulated PEG10 expression in the cells.We found that CXCL13 and CCL19 together by means of activation of CXCR5 and CCR7 up-regulated PEG10 expression and function,subsequent stabilized caspase-3 and caspase-8 in B-ALL and B-CLL CD19^(+)CD34^(+)B cells,and rescued the cells from TNF-α-mediated apoptosis.We suggested that normal lymphocytes,especially naive B and T cells,utilized CXCR5/CXCL13 and CCR7/CCL19 for migration,homing,maturation,and cell homeostasis as well as secondary lymphoid tissues organogenesis.Meanwhile certain malignant cells took advantages of CXCR5/CXCL13 and CCR7/CCL19 for infiltration,resistance to apoptosis,and inappropriate proliferation.Cellular&Molecular Immunology.2004;1(4):280-294.展开更多
基金the financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC) Grants(51702295)。
文摘Rational coupling of hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) and oxygen evolution reaction(OER) catalysts is extremely important for practical overall water splitting,but it is still challenging to construct such bifunctional heterostructures.Herein,we present a metal-organic framework(MOF)-etching strategy to design free-standing and hierarchical hollow CoS_(2)-MoS_(2) heteronanosheet arrays for both HER and OER.Resulting from the controllable etching of MOF by MoO_(4)^(2-) and in-situ sulfuration,the obtained CoS_(2)-MoS_(2) possesses abundant heterointerfaces with modulated local charge distribution,which promote water dissociation and rapid electrocatalytic kinetics.Moreover,the two-dimensional hollow array architecture can not only afford rich surface-active sites,but also facilitate the penetration of electrolytes and the release of evolved H_(2)/O_(2) bubbles.Consequently,the engineered CoS_(2)-MoS_(2) heterostructure exhibits small overpotentials of 82 mV for HER and 266 mV for OER at 10 mA cm^(-2).The corresponding alkaline electrolyzer affords a cell voltage of 1.56 V at 10 mA cm^(-2) to boost overall water splitting,along with robust durability over 24 h, even surpassing the benchmark electrode couple composed of IrO_(2) and Pt/C The present work may provide valuable insights for developing MOF-derived heterogeneous electrocatalysts with tailored interface/surface structure for widespread application in catalysis and other energyrelated areas.
文摘Objective: The current surgical treatment guidelines for early proximal gastric cancer(PGC) still lack agreement. Lymphadenectomy of lymph nodes No. 5 and No. 6 is the major difference between total and proximal gastrectomy. We elucidated the appropriate surgical procedure for PGC by investigating the pathological characteristics and prognostic significance of lymph nodes No. 5 and No. 6.Methods: In total, 333 PGC patients who underwent total gastrectomy were enrolled in this study. We investigated their clinicopathological characteristics and the metastatic patterns of the lymph nodes. Patients with metastasis in lymph nodes No. 5 and No. 6 were combined into one group and we compared the difference in survival between those with and without metastasis in lymph nodes No. 5, 6(lymph nodes No. 5 and No. 6 in any group of metastasis) for different subgroups.Results: The metastatic rates for lymph nodes No. 5 and No. 6 in PGC were 9.91% and 16.11%, respectively.The metastatic rate for both lymph nodes No. 5, 6 was 20.42%. Multivariate analysis showed that positive metastasis in lymph node No. 4, depth of invasion, and tumor size were independently correlated with the presence of metastasis in lymph nodes No. 5, 6.Conclusions: When lymph node No. 4 is positive(intraoperative pathology) or tumor size ≥5 cm or T4 stage,lymphadenectomy should be performed for lymph nodes No. 5 and No. 6, and total gastrectomy is recommended.
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (No. 20022069).
文摘OBJECTIVE To screen metastatic-related genes in human gastric cancer by a low-density cDNA microarray technique. METHODS A total of 18 paired gastric cancer and adjacent normal mu-cosa were examined by a low-density cDNA microarray containing 23 genes. RT-PCR was used for further verification. RESULTS The mRNA expression of MMP -7, heparanase, S100A4, hTERT, hRad17 in gastric cancers was higher than that in coupled normal mucosa (P=0.002, 0.00011, 0.000072, 0.002, 0.00016 respectively), whereas nm23H1, and CDH1 were lower (P=0.003, 0.012 respectively). The concordance was verified further by RT-PCR with a correlation coefficient of 0.774. In gastric primary lesions the mRNA expression of MMP-7, heparanase and S100A4 was higher in the serosa involved compared to non-involved (P=0.003, 0.009, 0.012 respectively), whereas nm23H1, CDH1, KAI1 were lower (P=0.001, 0.001, 0.006 respectively). With respect to the area of serosa involvement, MMP-7 and heparanase expressions were higher in an area of more than 20 cm2 compared to an area of less than 20 cm2 (P=0.001, 0.02 respectively), whereas nm23H1, CDH1 and KAI1 were lower (P=0.030, 0.041, 0.031 respectively). MMP-7 and hTERT expressions were higher in the heavier lymph node metastatic cases (no less than 7) than in the lighter lymph node metastatic cases (no more than 6, P=0.001, 0.005 respectively). CONCLUSION Expression of MMP -7, S100A4, heparanase, hTERT, KAI1, CDH1 and nm23H1 correlated closely with invasion and metastasis in gastric carcinomas. The low-density cDNA microarrays can be used to examine the expression of many genes simultaneously, parallely and quickly.
基金Supported by Research Foundation of Bozhou for the Introduction of Talents,Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(Grant No.KJ2019A1300)。
文摘Let f be a continuous map on infra-solvmanifold M of type(R)and N^(∞)(f)be the asymptotic Nielsen number of f.In this paper,the sufficient conditions to assure that log N^(∞)(f)is the infimum of topological entropies of the homotopy class of the map f are given by using Nielsen fixed point theory.These conclusions will generalize the similar results on infra-nilmanifolds.
基金We thank Dr.Cong-Yi Wang from Georgia's Health Sciences University for his kind present of DC2.4 and for his revision to this paper.We thank Dr.Guan-Xin Shen,Xiong-Wen Wu and Zhuo-Ya Li from Tongji Medical College for their thoughtful scientific discussions.This work was supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China from the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China(No.2001CB510008)Science Foundation from the Ministry of Education of China(No.20040487056).
文摘B7-H3 is a recently identified member of the B7 gene family. Its ubiquitous expression in both lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues suggests that it could play an important role in the maintenance of self-tolerance. However, the exact function of B7-H3 is still elusive. The purpose of current study is to demonstrate the possible function of soluble mouse B7-H3 for prevention of DC-mediated T cell activation. For this purpose, we established a soluble mouse B7-H3 fusion protein （mB7h3-hIg） eukaryotic expression vector （pmB7h3-hIg） with a C-terminal human IgG1 Fc. A C57BL/6 （B6）-derived dendritic cell line （DC2.4 cells） was used for the establishment of stable transfectants for generation of soluble mB7h3-hIg. Ectopic mB7h3-hIg expression was confirmed by RT-PCR, Western blot and ELISA analyses. A 49.7 kD protein was detected by Western blot from DC2.4 cells transfected with pmB7h3-hlg. It was found that soluble mB7h3-hIg expression has no effect on cell cycling and apoptosis and the expression of CD80 and CD86 of the DC2.4 cells. However, ectopic soluble mB7h3-hIg expression was found to significantly affect the allo-stimulatory capability for DC2.4 cells. DC2.4 cells expressing soluble mB7h3-hIg showed a significant reduced allo-stimulatory capability as compared with the controls determined by MLC. Further studies revealed that soluble mB7h3-hIg could also inhibit IL-2 and IFN-γ, production of allogenic T cells. These results suggested a great potential of soluble B7-H3 for treatment of graft rejection and autoimmume disease. Cellular ＆ Molecular Immunology. 2006;3（3）：235-240.
基金Supported by the National Science Foundation of China(no.39870674)Science Foundation of Anhui Province,China(no.98436630)Education and Research Foundation of Anhui Province,China(no.98JL063).
文摘We investigated CD19^(+)CD34^(+)and CD19^(+)CD34 B cells from cord blood(CB)and typical patients with B cell lineage acute and chronic lymphocytic leukemia(B-ALL and B-CLL)in terms of expression and functions of CXCR5/CXCL13 and CCR7/CCL19.CXCR5 and CCR7 were selectively frequent expressed on B-ALL,B-CLL and CB CD19^(+)CD34^(+)B cells,but not on CD19^(+)CD34 B cells.Instead of induction of impressive chemotactic responsiveness,CXCL13 and CCL19 together induced significant resistance to TNF-α-mediated apoptosis in B-ALL and B-CLL but not CB CD19^(+)CD34^(+)B cells.B-ALL and B-CLL CD19^(+)CD34^(+)B cells expressed elevated level of Paternally Expressed Gene 10(PEG10),and CXCL13 and CCL19 together significantly up-regulated PEG10 expression in the cells.We found that CXCL13 and CCL19 together by means of activation of CXCR5 and CCR7 up-regulated PEG10 expression and function,subsequent stabilized caspase-3 and caspase-8 in B-ALL and B-CLL CD19^(+)CD34^(+)B cells,and rescued the cells from TNF-α-mediated apoptosis.We suggested that normal lymphocytes,especially naive B and T cells,utilized CXCR5/CXCL13 and CCR7/CCL19 for migration,homing,maturation,and cell homeostasis as well as secondary lymphoid tissues organogenesis.Meanwhile certain malignant cells took advantages of CXCR5/CXCL13 and CCR7/CCL19 for infiltration,resistance to apoptosis,and inappropriate proliferation.Cellular&Molecular Immunology.2004;1(4):280-294.
