This article proposes Styrene-Butadiene Rubber(SBR)and Chem-lite CR Powder(CCP)as a sustainable solution for dispersive clays,which cause infrastructure damage due to high sodium ions.Traditionally utilized stabilizer...This article proposes Styrene-Butadiene Rubber(SBR)and Chem-lite CR Powder(CCP)as a sustainable solution for dispersive clays,which cause infrastructure damage due to high sodium ions.Traditionally utilized stabilizers like lime/cement raise environmental concerns due to their high carbon footprints.Regarding this,SBR/CCP has been used in concrete technology for several functions;nevertheless,its effectiveness for stabilizing dispersive clay remains uncertain.Therefore,this study investigated how SBR/CCP improved sodium-rich dispersive soil's dispersion,index,mechanical characteristics,and associated mechanism.Multiple tests,including double hydrometer,cation analysis,compression strength(UCS),physio-chemical,Atterberg's limits,California Bearing Ratio(CBR),X-Ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy(EDS)were performed at different mixing ratios up to curing of 60-d.The results showed a significant reduction in dispersion(61.7%),sodium(38%),and plasticity(50.4%)with an optimal 1.5%SBR-3%CCP mix after 28-d,converting the clay to a non-dispersive type.UCS and soaked CBR improved by 283%and 579%,respectively.Micro analyses revealed soil enhancement through CCP's flocculation,ion exchange,and pozzolanic reactions,while SBR-coated particles and filled pores formed reticulated membrane systems.SBR/CCP offers a sustainable/eco-friendly alternative for stabilizing dispersive clays with a lower carbon footprint.展开更多
文摘This article proposes Styrene-Butadiene Rubber(SBR)and Chem-lite CR Powder(CCP)as a sustainable solution for dispersive clays,which cause infrastructure damage due to high sodium ions.Traditionally utilized stabilizers like lime/cement raise environmental concerns due to their high carbon footprints.Regarding this,SBR/CCP has been used in concrete technology for several functions;nevertheless,its effectiveness for stabilizing dispersive clay remains uncertain.Therefore,this study investigated how SBR/CCP improved sodium-rich dispersive soil's dispersion,index,mechanical characteristics,and associated mechanism.Multiple tests,including double hydrometer,cation analysis,compression strength(UCS),physio-chemical,Atterberg's limits,California Bearing Ratio(CBR),X-Ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy(EDS)were performed at different mixing ratios up to curing of 60-d.The results showed a significant reduction in dispersion(61.7%),sodium(38%),and plasticity(50.4%)with an optimal 1.5%SBR-3%CCP mix after 28-d,converting the clay to a non-dispersive type.UCS and soaked CBR improved by 283%and 579%,respectively.Micro analyses revealed soil enhancement through CCP's flocculation,ion exchange,and pozzolanic reactions,while SBR-coated particles and filled pores formed reticulated membrane systems.SBR/CCP offers a sustainable/eco-friendly alternative for stabilizing dispersive clays with a lower carbon footprint.
