Integrated circuit(IC)industry has fully considered the fact that the Moore’s Law is slowing down or ending.Alternative solutions are highly and urgently desired to break the physical size limits in the More-than-Moo...Integrated circuit(IC)industry has fully considered the fact that the Moore’s Law is slowing down or ending.Alternative solutions are highly and urgently desired to break the physical size limits in the More-than-Moore era.Integrated silicon photonics technology exhibits distinguished potential to achieve faster operation speed,less power dissipation,and lower cost in IC industry,because their COMS compatibility,fast response,and high monolithic integration capability.Particularly,compared with other on-chip resonators(e.g.microrings,2D photonic crystal cavities)silicon-on-insulator(SOI)-based photonic crystal nanobeam cavity(PCNC)has emerged as a promising platform for on-chip integration,due to their attractive properties of ultra-high Q/V,ultra-compact footprints and convenient integration with silicon bus-waveguides.In this paper,we present a comprehensive review on recent progress of on-chip PCNC devices for lasing,modulation,switching/filting and label-free sensing,etc.展开更多
Optical microcavities combined with different materials have inspired many kinds of functional photonic devices,such as lasers,memories,and sensors.Among them,optofluidic microbubble resonators with intrinsic micro-ch...Optical microcavities combined with different materials have inspired many kinds of functional photonic devices,such as lasers,memories,and sensors.Among them,optofluidic microbubble resonators with intrinsic micro-channels and high-quality factors(high-Q)have been considered intriguing platforms for the combination with liquid materials,such as the hydrogel and liquid crystal.Here,we demonstrate a water-infiltrated hybrid optofluidic microcavity for the precise multidimensional measurement of the external laser field.The laser power can be precisely measured based on the photo-thermal conversion,while the wavelength-resolved measurement is realized with the intrinsic absorption spectrum of water.Empowered by machine learning,the laser power and wavelength are precisely decoupled with almost all predictions falling within the 99%prediction bands.The correlation coefficient R2 of the laser power and wavelength are as high as 0.99985 and 0.99954,respectively.This work provides a new platform for high-precision multidimensional measurement of the laser field,which can be further expanded to arbitrary band laser measurement by combining different materials.展开更多
The enhancement of the microcavity quality factor contributes to fundamental linewidth reduction in microcavity lasers.This study demonstrates silica microrod resonators with quality factors approaching 10^(9),fabrica...The enhancement of the microcavity quality factor contributes to fundamental linewidth reduction in microcavity lasers.This study demonstrates silica microrod resonators with quality factors approaching 10^(9),fabricated by CO_(2)laser reflow technology.To improve practical applicability,low-loss package techniques were developed,yielding packaged resonators with optimized optical performance.Using this platform,stimulated Raman lasing was achieved with a pump mode Q-factor of 1.333×10^(9),exhibiting a threshold of 0.765 mW.The laser output stability was characterized by a standard deviation of 0.671 mV over 45 minutes of operation,with corresponding Allan deviation analysis.At the maximum output power of 106.4μW,the measured frequency noise spectral density reached 0.46 Hz~2/Hz,corresponding to a linewidth of 2.89 Hz.Thermal tuning of the packaged module achieved a wavelength shift of 0.206 nm,with a temperature sensitivity of 8.92 pm/℃.This work establishes a new technical pathway for developing compact narrow-linewidth lasers,showing significant potential for medical diagnostics,optical communications,and defense applications.展开更多
Optical microcavities have become an attractive platform for precision measurement with merits of ultrahigh sensitivity,miniature footprint and fast response.Despite the achievements of ultrasensitive detection,optica...Optical microcavities have become an attractive platform for precision measurement with merits of ultrahigh sensitivity,miniature footprint and fast response.Despite the achievements of ultrasensitive detection,optical microcavities still face significant challenges in the measurement of biochemical and physical processes with complex dynamics,especially when multiple effects are present.Here we demonstrate operando monitoring of the transition dynamics of a phase-change material via a self-referencing optofluidic microcavity.We use a pair of cavity modes to precisely decouple the refractive index and temperature information of the analyte during the phase-transition process.Through real-time measurements,we reveal the detailed hysteresis behaviors of refractive index during the irreversible phase transitions between hydrophilic and hydrophobic states.We further extract the phase-transition threshold by analyzing the steady-state refractive index change at various power levels.Our technology could be further extended to other materials and provide great opportunities for exploring on-demand dynamic biochemical processes.展开更多
Whispering gallery mode(WGM)microcavities provide increasing opportunities for precision measurement due to their ultrahigh sensitivity,compact size,and fast response.However,the conventional WGM sensors rely on monit...Whispering gallery mode(WGM)microcavities provide increasing opportunities for precision measurement due to their ultrahigh sensitivity,compact size,and fast response.However,the conventional WGM sensors rely on monitoring the changes of a single mode,and the abundant sensing information in WGM transmission spectra has not been fully utilized.Here,empowered by machine learning(ML),we propose and demonstrate an ergodic spectra sensing method in an optofluidic microcavity for high-precision pressure measurement.The developed ML method realizes the analysis of the full features of optical spectra.The prediction accuracy of 99.97%is obtained with the average error as low as 0.32 kPa in the pressure range of 100 kPa via the training and testing stages.We further achieve the real-time readout of arbitrary unknown pressure within the range of measurement,and a prediction accuracy of 99.51%is obtained.Moreover,we demonstrate that the ergodic spectra sensing accuracy is∼11.5%higher than that of simply extracting resonating modes’wavelength.With the high sensitivity and prediction accuracy,this work opens up a new avenue for integrated intelligent optical sensing.展开更多
Optical microcavities have the ability to confne photons in small mode volumes for long periods of time,greatly enhancing light-matter interactions,and have become one of the research hotspots in international academi...Optical microcavities have the ability to confne photons in small mode volumes for long periods of time,greatly enhancing light-matter interactions,and have become one of the research hotspots in international academia.In recent years,sensing applications in complex environments have inspired the development of multimode optical microcavity sensors.These multimode sensors can be used not only for multi-parameter detection but also to improve measurement precision.In this review,we introduce multimode sensing methods based on optical microcavities and present an overview of the multimode single/multi-parameter optical microcavities sensors.Expected further research activities are also put forward.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2016YFA0301302 and No.2018YFB 2200401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11974058,11825402,11654003,61435001)+4 种基金Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences(Grant No.Y18G20)Key R&D Program of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2018B030329001)Beijing Nova Program(Grant No.Z201100006820125)from Beijing Municipal ScienceTechnology Commission,Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2018XKJC05)the High Performance Computing Platform of Peking University.
文摘Integrated circuit(IC)industry has fully considered the fact that the Moore’s Law is slowing down or ending.Alternative solutions are highly and urgently desired to break the physical size limits in the More-than-Moore era.Integrated silicon photonics technology exhibits distinguished potential to achieve faster operation speed,less power dissipation,and lower cost in IC industry,because their COMS compatibility,fast response,and high monolithic integration capability.Particularly,compared with other on-chip resonators(e.g.microrings,2D photonic crystal cavities)silicon-on-insulator(SOI)-based photonic crystal nanobeam cavity(PCNC)has emerged as a promising platform for on-chip integration,due to their attractive properties of ultra-high Q/V,ultra-compact footprints and convenient integration with silicon bus-waveguides.In this paper,we present a comprehensive review on recent progress of on-chip PCNC devices for lasing,modulation,switching/filting and label-free sensing,etc.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program,China(Grant No.SQ2023YFB2805600)Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant No.Z210004)+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12474372 and 12474429)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Grant No.2243300003)Beijing Nova Program from Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission,China(Grant No.20230484433)State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications,Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,China(Grant No.IPOC2021ZT01).
文摘Optical microcavities combined with different materials have inspired many kinds of functional photonic devices,such as lasers,memories,and sensors.Among them,optofluidic microbubble resonators with intrinsic micro-channels and high-quality factors(high-Q)have been considered intriguing platforms for the combination with liquid materials,such as the hydrogel and liquid crystal.Here,we demonstrate a water-infiltrated hybrid optofluidic microcavity for the precise multidimensional measurement of the external laser field.The laser power can be precisely measured based on the photo-thermal conversion,while the wavelength-resolved measurement is realized with the intrinsic absorption spectrum of water.Empowered by machine learning,the laser power and wavelength are precisely decoupled with almost all predictions falling within the 99%prediction bands.The correlation coefficient R2 of the laser power and wavelength are as high as 0.99985 and 0.99954,respectively.This work provides a new platform for high-precision multidimensional measurement of the laser field,which can be further expanded to arbitrary band laser measurement by combining different materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12474372,12474429,62222515,and 12174438)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2023YFB2805600 and 2023YFB2806200)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality(Grant No.Z210004)the Fund from the State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications(Grant No.IPOC2024ZR01)。
文摘The enhancement of the microcavity quality factor contributes to fundamental linewidth reduction in microcavity lasers.This study demonstrates silica microrod resonators with quality factors approaching 10^(9),fabricated by CO_(2)laser reflow technology.To improve practical applicability,low-loss package techniques were developed,yielding packaged resonators with optimized optical performance.Using this platform,stimulated Raman lasing was achieved with a pump mode Q-factor of 1.333×10^(9),exhibiting a threshold of 0.765 mW.The laser output stability was characterized by a standard deviation of 0.671 mV over 45 minutes of operation,with corresponding Allan deviation analysis.At the maximum output power of 106.4μW,the measured frequency noise spectral density reached 0.46 Hz~2/Hz,corresponding to a linewidth of 2.89 Hz.Thermal tuning of the packaged module achieved a wavelength shift of 0.206 nm,with a temperature sensitivity of 8.92 pm/℃.This work establishes a new technical pathway for developing compact narrow-linewidth lasers,showing significant potential for medical diagnostics,optical communications,and defense applications.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFB2200401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11825402,11654003,12041602,11974058,and 62005231)+4 种基金supported by Beijing Nova Program(Z201100006820125)Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission(No.Z201100004020007)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(20720200074)supported by the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(No.BX20200014)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M680185)。
文摘Optical microcavities have become an attractive platform for precision measurement with merits of ultrahigh sensitivity,miniature footprint and fast response.Despite the achievements of ultrasensitive detection,optical microcavities still face significant challenges in the measurement of biochemical and physical processes with complex dynamics,especially when multiple effects are present.Here we demonstrate operando monitoring of the transition dynamics of a phase-change material via a self-referencing optofluidic microcavity.We use a pair of cavity modes to precisely decouple the refractive index and temperature information of the analyte during the phase-transition process.Through real-time measurements,we reveal the detailed hysteresis behaviors of refractive index during the irreversible phase transitions between hydrophilic and hydrophobic states.We further extract the phase-transition threshold by analyzing the steady-state refractive index change at various power levels.Our technology could be further extended to other materials and provide great opportunities for exploring on-demand dynamic biochemical processes.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(11974058,62005231,62131002)A3 Foresight Program of NSFC(62061146002)+3 种基金Beijing Nova Program from Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(Z201100006820125)Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(Z210004)State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications,BUPT,China(IPOC2021ZT01)BUPT Excellent Ph.D.Students Foundation(CX2022114).
文摘Whispering gallery mode(WGM)microcavities provide increasing opportunities for precision measurement due to their ultrahigh sensitivity,compact size,and fast response.However,the conventional WGM sensors rely on monitoring the changes of a single mode,and the abundant sensing information in WGM transmission spectra has not been fully utilized.Here,empowered by machine learning(ML),we propose and demonstrate an ergodic spectra sensing method in an optofluidic microcavity for high-precision pressure measurement.The developed ML method realizes the analysis of the full features of optical spectra.The prediction accuracy of 99.97%is obtained with the average error as low as 0.32 kPa in the pressure range of 100 kPa via the training and testing stages.We further achieve the real-time readout of arbitrary unknown pressure within the range of measurement,and a prediction accuracy of 99.51%is obtained.Moreover,we demonstrate that the ergodic spectra sensing accuracy is∼11.5%higher than that of simply extracting resonating modes’wavelength.With the high sensitivity and prediction accuracy,this work opens up a new avenue for integrated intelligent optical sensing.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11974058,61307050,and 61701271)the Beijing Nova Program(No.Z201100006820125)+2 种基金Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission,in part by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.Z210004)the Shandong Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2016AM27)the State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications(No.IPOC2021ZT01),BUPT,China.
文摘Optical microcavities have the ability to confne photons in small mode volumes for long periods of time,greatly enhancing light-matter interactions,and have become one of the research hotspots in international academia.In recent years,sensing applications in complex environments have inspired the development of multimode optical microcavity sensors.These multimode sensors can be used not only for multi-parameter detection but also to improve measurement precision.In this review,we introduce multimode sensing methods based on optical microcavities and present an overview of the multimode single/multi-parameter optical microcavities sensors.Expected further research activities are also put forward.
