The effect of macadamia nut shell biochar on nitrogen,potassium,phosphorus,magnesium,calcium and sodium concentrations in potting mix used to grow Eucalyptus nitens seedlings was investigated in a glasshouse experimen...The effect of macadamia nut shell biochar on nitrogen,potassium,phosphorus,magnesium,calcium and sodium concentrations in potting mix used to grow Eucalyptus nitens seedlings was investigated in a glasshouse experiment.The treatments combined two fertiliser rates（50 and 100% rate of the commercial mix commonly used in forestry nurseries） with eight biochar rates(0,2,5,10,20,50,80 and 100 t ha;) arranged in a randomised complete block with three replicates of four sample plants.Nutrients were quantified in the potting mix and seedling leaves at four destructive harvests 135,177,219 and269 days after planting.Biochar significantly increased nitrate-N,Colwell P,Colwell K and exchangeable Na andreduced ammonium-N,Mg and Ca concentrations in the potting mix.Seedling leaf concentrations of P,K and Na were increased by biochar application,while N remained dependent on fertiliser rate only.Mg and Ca leaf concentrations decreased in response to increasing biochar rates.Elevated nitrate-N and decreased ammonium-N concentrations suggest that biochar might have increased nitrification in the potting mix.We presumed that biochar mediated processes that reduced uptake of P and K when high doses of biochar were combined with full fertilisation.Changes in potting mix K,Na,Mg and Ca were consistent with selective adsorption of ions to biochar surfaces.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the effect of oral administration of Kombucha tea (K-tea) on lead induced oxidative stress. Methods Sprague Dawley rats were administered 1 mL of 3.8% lead acetate solution daily alone or in comb...Objective To evaluate the effect of oral administration of Kombucha tea (K-tea) on lead induced oxidative stress. Methods Sprague Dawley rats were administered 1 mL of 3.8% lead acetate solution daily alone or in combination with K-tea orally for 45 d, and the antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation were evaluated. Results Oral administration of lead acetate to rats enhanced lipid peroxidation and release of creatine phosphokinase and decreased levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD and glutathione peroxidase, GPx). Lead treatment did not alter humoral immunity, but inhibited DTH response when compared to the control. Lead administration also increased DNA fragmentation in liver. Oral administration of Kombucha tea to rats exposed to lead decreased lipid peroxidation and DNA damage with a concomitant increase in the reduced glutathione level and GPx activity. Kombucha tea supplementation relieved the lead induced immunosuppression to appreciable levels. Conclusion The results suggest that K-tea has potent antioxidant and immunomodulating properties.展开更多
Evolutionary history of continents and supercontinents, and their implications on solid earth processes, require an understanding of the growth of the continental crust through time and space.Suture zones are the remn...Evolutionary history of continents and supercontinents, and their implications on solid earth processes, require an understanding of the growth of the continental crust through time and space.Suture zones are the remnant regions inherited by Proterozoic tectonics between amalgamated terranes and the long-lived shear systems are commonly assumed to represent such boundaries.One such often debated is the展开更多
The reflection and refraction of a longitudinal wave at an interface between a perfectly conducting nonviscous liquid half-space and a perfectly conducting microstretch elastic solid half-space are studied. The approp...The reflection and refraction of a longitudinal wave at an interface between a perfectly conducting nonviscous liquid half-space and a perfectly conducting microstretch elastic solid half-space are studied. The appropriate solutions to the governing equations are obtained in both the half-spaces satisfying the required boundary conditions at the interface to obtain a system of five non-homogeneous equations in the amplitude ratios of various reflected and transmitted waves. The system is solved by a Fortran program of the Gauss elimination method for a particular example of an interface between water and aluminum-epoxy composite. Numerical values of the amplitude ratios are computed for a certain range of the incidence angle both in the presence and absence of an impressed transverse magnetic field. The effects of the presence of the transverse magnetic field on the amplitude ratios of various reflected and transmitted waves are shown graphically.展开更多
基金Forestry Tasmaniap,BHP Billiton TEMCO Community FoundationTasmanian Community Fund+1 种基金Centre for Renewable Energy and Power Systems(CREPS)Rainbow Bee Eater Project for their support
文摘The effect of macadamia nut shell biochar on nitrogen,potassium,phosphorus,magnesium,calcium and sodium concentrations in potting mix used to grow Eucalyptus nitens seedlings was investigated in a glasshouse experiment.The treatments combined two fertiliser rates（50 and 100% rate of the commercial mix commonly used in forestry nurseries） with eight biochar rates(0,2,5,10,20,50,80 and 100 t ha;) arranged in a randomised complete block with three replicates of four sample plants.Nutrients were quantified in the potting mix and seedling leaves at four destructive harvests 135,177,219 and269 days after planting.Biochar significantly increased nitrate-N,Colwell P,Colwell K and exchangeable Na andreduced ammonium-N,Mg and Ca concentrations in the potting mix.Seedling leaf concentrations of P,K and Na were increased by biochar application,while N remained dependent on fertiliser rate only.Mg and Ca leaf concentrations decreased in response to increasing biochar rates.Elevated nitrate-N and decreased ammonium-N concentrations suggest that biochar might have increased nitrification in the potting mix.We presumed that biochar mediated processes that reduced uptake of P and K when high doses of biochar were combined with full fertilisation.Changes in potting mix K,Na,Mg and Ca were consistent with selective adsorption of ions to biochar surfaces.
文摘Objective To evaluate the effect of oral administration of Kombucha tea (K-tea) on lead induced oxidative stress. Methods Sprague Dawley rats were administered 1 mL of 3.8% lead acetate solution daily alone or in combination with K-tea orally for 45 d, and the antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation were evaluated. Results Oral administration of lead acetate to rats enhanced lipid peroxidation and release of creatine phosphokinase and decreased levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD and glutathione peroxidase, GPx). Lead treatment did not alter humoral immunity, but inhibited DTH response when compared to the control. Lead administration also increased DNA fragmentation in liver. Oral administration of Kombucha tea to rats exposed to lead decreased lipid peroxidation and DNA damage with a concomitant increase in the reduced glutathione level and GPx activity. Kombucha tea supplementation relieved the lead induced immunosuppression to appreciable levels. Conclusion The results suggest that K-tea has potent antioxidant and immunomodulating properties.
文摘Evolutionary history of continents and supercontinents, and their implications on solid earth processes, require an understanding of the growth of the continental crust through time and space.Suture zones are the remnant regions inherited by Proterozoic tectonics between amalgamated terranes and the long-lived shear systems are commonly assumed to represent such boundaries.One such often debated is the
文摘The reflection and refraction of a longitudinal wave at an interface between a perfectly conducting nonviscous liquid half-space and a perfectly conducting microstretch elastic solid half-space are studied. The appropriate solutions to the governing equations are obtained in both the half-spaces satisfying the required boundary conditions at the interface to obtain a system of five non-homogeneous equations in the amplitude ratios of various reflected and transmitted waves. The system is solved by a Fortran program of the Gauss elimination method for a particular example of an interface between water and aluminum-epoxy composite. Numerical values of the amplitude ratios are computed for a certain range of the incidence angle both in the presence and absence of an impressed transverse magnetic field. The effects of the presence of the transverse magnetic field on the amplitude ratios of various reflected and transmitted waves are shown graphically.
