After a brief analysis of the concept of quality in open and distance education, information technology for quality assurance and Indian initiative for quality improvement, the paper examines the quality assurance mea...After a brief analysis of the concept of quality in open and distance education, information technology for quality assurance and Indian initiative for quality improvement, the paper examines the quality assurance measures at Kota Open University under the following areas: planning academic programmes; developing academic programmes; producing learning materials; implementing programmes; reviewing courses/programmes; and developing human resources.展开更多
The 60-meter band range is tremendously useful in telecommunication,military and governmental applications.The I.T.U.(International Telecommunication Union)required isolationism to former radio frequency services beca...The 60-meter band range is tremendously useful in telecommunication,military and governmental applications.The I.T.U.(International Telecommunication Union)required isolationism to former radio frequency services because the various frequency bands are extremely overloaded.The allocation of new frequency bands are a lengthy procedure as well as time taking.As a result,the researchers use bidirectional,amateur radio frequency communication for 60-meter band,usually the frequency slot of 5250-5450 KHz,although the entire band is not essentially obtainable for all countries.For transmission and reception of these frequencies,a local oscillator is used in the mixer unit to generate the local signal for mixing the input and reference signals.For this function different type of oscillators are used.In this paper,a three-stage ring oscillator is designed with 1 V supply.Ring oscillators(RO)is the base to explore like to identifying,specify with modelling resources in the disparity in behaviour of the circuit in terms of industrialized design and layout parameters.This type of oscillators are free from noise as inductor is not used to the circuit as in LC oscillator,Heartly oscillator,Colpitt and tuned oscillators.The present approach of circuit designing,the scaling of CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)transistor will moderate,the procedure variability.In the forthcoming article,a ring oscillator with fixed capacitor(1 pF)and with variable capacitors(1 to 100 pF)is analysed.The frequency analysis with different capacitor is performed.The total delay of 3-stage oscillator is 4.82 ns with 5.2 MHz oscillation frequency.The overall Power dissipation of the circuit is 1.852μWat 1 V supply.The simulation analysis is performed on 45 nm CMOS technology with both transistor width are 278 and 420 nm.展开更多
文摘After a brief analysis of the concept of quality in open and distance education, information technology for quality assurance and Indian initiative for quality improvement, the paper examines the quality assurance measures at Kota Open University under the following areas: planning academic programmes; developing academic programmes; producing learning materials; implementing programmes; reviewing courses/programmes; and developing human resources.
文摘The 60-meter band range is tremendously useful in telecommunication,military and governmental applications.The I.T.U.(International Telecommunication Union)required isolationism to former radio frequency services because the various frequency bands are extremely overloaded.The allocation of new frequency bands are a lengthy procedure as well as time taking.As a result,the researchers use bidirectional,amateur radio frequency communication for 60-meter band,usually the frequency slot of 5250-5450 KHz,although the entire band is not essentially obtainable for all countries.For transmission and reception of these frequencies,a local oscillator is used in the mixer unit to generate the local signal for mixing the input and reference signals.For this function different type of oscillators are used.In this paper,a three-stage ring oscillator is designed with 1 V supply.Ring oscillators(RO)is the base to explore like to identifying,specify with modelling resources in the disparity in behaviour of the circuit in terms of industrialized design and layout parameters.This type of oscillators are free from noise as inductor is not used to the circuit as in LC oscillator,Heartly oscillator,Colpitt and tuned oscillators.The present approach of circuit designing,the scaling of CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)transistor will moderate,the procedure variability.In the forthcoming article,a ring oscillator with fixed capacitor(1 pF)and with variable capacitors(1 to 100 pF)is analysed.The frequency analysis with different capacitor is performed.The total delay of 3-stage oscillator is 4.82 ns with 5.2 MHz oscillation frequency.The overall Power dissipation of the circuit is 1.852μWat 1 V supply.The simulation analysis is performed on 45 nm CMOS technology with both transistor width are 278 and 420 nm.
