The major findings in this report are(ⅰ)development of nanocomposite photocatalyst working through Z-scheme charge transfer pathway across the heterojunction,(ⅱ)utilization of direct sunlight as the photo-source,and...The major findings in this report are(ⅰ)development of nanocomposite photocatalyst working through Z-scheme charge transfer pathway across the heterojunction,(ⅱ)utilization of direct sunlight as the photo-source,and(ⅲ)prospect of ligand-hole in photocatalysis through enhanced sub-band gap absorption,The photocatalysts,namely LaNiO_(3),g-C_(3)N_(4) and LaNiO_(3)/g-C_(3)N_(4) nanocomposites were synthesized via facile route and were characterized for their structure,morphology,microstructure,texture,elemental mapping and surface oxidation states by using several physicochemical techniques.The photocatalytic performance of the nanocomposite was tested through the degradation of hazardous azo dye pollutants,namely reactive black 5 and methylene blue as well as the colorless antibiotic-pollutant tetracycline hydrochloride in aqueous solution in presence of natural sunlight with excellent recycling activity.The 10%LaNiO_(3)/g-C_(3)N_(4) nanocomposite sample shows the best catalytic activity,degrading respectively 94%,98.6%and 88.1%of reactive black 5,methylene blue and tetracycline hydrochloride in60,180 and 120 min.The photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposite phase is several times superior to that of the pure phases.The improvements of photocatalytic activity of g-C_(3)N_(4) in the nanocomposite have been rationalized through the construction of direct Z-scheme heterojunction and suppression of electron-hole pair recombination efficiency.The enhanced photo-absorption of the nanocomposite can possibly be related to sub-bandgap absorption,which is associated to the midgap state originating from ligand-hole formation or defects in the structure.The photodegradation process is mediated through the formation of super oxide radical(O_(2))and hole(h^(+))as the main responsible species.展开更多
This paper proposes a model-based reference tracking scheme for stable,MIMO,nonlinear processes.A Joint Unscented Kalman Filtering technique is exploited here to develop a stochastic model of the physical process via ...This paper proposes a model-based reference tracking scheme for stable,MIMO,nonlinear processes.A Joint Unscented Kalman Filtering technique is exploited here to develop a stochastic model of the physical process via simultaneous estimation of the process states and the time-varying/uncertain parameters.Unlike the existing nonlinear model predictive controllers,the proposed scheme does not involve any dynamic optimisation process,which helps to reduce the overall complexity,computation overburden and execution time.Furthermore,the proposed methodology offers robustness to process model-mismatch and considers the effects of stochastic disturbances.A nonlinear two-tank liquid-level control problem and a nonlinear coupled level-temperature control process are studied to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed scheme.展开更多
基金Project supported by the Science and Engineering Research Board(SERB),Government of India(EMR/2016/001811,EMR/2016/000083)。
文摘The major findings in this report are(ⅰ)development of nanocomposite photocatalyst working through Z-scheme charge transfer pathway across the heterojunction,(ⅱ)utilization of direct sunlight as the photo-source,and(ⅲ)prospect of ligand-hole in photocatalysis through enhanced sub-band gap absorption,The photocatalysts,namely LaNiO_(3),g-C_(3)N_(4) and LaNiO_(3)/g-C_(3)N_(4) nanocomposites were synthesized via facile route and were characterized for their structure,morphology,microstructure,texture,elemental mapping and surface oxidation states by using several physicochemical techniques.The photocatalytic performance of the nanocomposite was tested through the degradation of hazardous azo dye pollutants,namely reactive black 5 and methylene blue as well as the colorless antibiotic-pollutant tetracycline hydrochloride in aqueous solution in presence of natural sunlight with excellent recycling activity.The 10%LaNiO_(3)/g-C_(3)N_(4) nanocomposite sample shows the best catalytic activity,degrading respectively 94%,98.6%and 88.1%of reactive black 5,methylene blue and tetracycline hydrochloride in60,180 and 120 min.The photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposite phase is several times superior to that of the pure phases.The improvements of photocatalytic activity of g-C_(3)N_(4) in the nanocomposite have been rationalized through the construction of direct Z-scheme heterojunction and suppression of electron-hole pair recombination efficiency.The enhanced photo-absorption of the nanocomposite can possibly be related to sub-bandgap absorption,which is associated to the midgap state originating from ligand-hole formation or defects in the structure.The photodegradation process is mediated through the formation of super oxide radical(O_(2))and hole(h^(+))as the main responsible species.
基金supported by the Science and Engineering Research Board(SERB),DST,India[grant number SRG/2022/000892].
文摘This paper proposes a model-based reference tracking scheme for stable,MIMO,nonlinear processes.A Joint Unscented Kalman Filtering technique is exploited here to develop a stochastic model of the physical process via simultaneous estimation of the process states and the time-varying/uncertain parameters.Unlike the existing nonlinear model predictive controllers,the proposed scheme does not involve any dynamic optimisation process,which helps to reduce the overall complexity,computation overburden and execution time.Furthermore,the proposed methodology offers robustness to process model-mismatch and considers the effects of stochastic disturbances.A nonlinear two-tank liquid-level control problem and a nonlinear coupled level-temperature control process are studied to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed scheme.
