LT codes are practical realization of digital fountain codes, which provides the concept of rateless coding. In this scheme, encoded symbols are generated infinitely from k information symbols. Decoder uses only(1+α)...LT codes are practical realization of digital fountain codes, which provides the concept of rateless coding. In this scheme, encoded symbols are generated infinitely from k information symbols. Decoder uses only(1+α)k number of encoded symbols to recover the original information. The degree distribution function in the LT codes helps to generate a random graph also referred as tanner graph. The artifact of tanner graph is responsible for computational complexity and overhead in the LT codes. Intuitively, a well designed degree distribution can be used for an efficient implementation of LT codes. The degree distribution function is studied as a function of power law, and LT codes are classified into two different categories: SFLT and RLT codes. Also, two different degree distributions are proposed and analyzed for SFLT codes which guarantee optimal performance in terms of computational complexity and overhead.展开更多
Pear fruits contain diverse sources of phenolic compounds such as Chlorogenic acid(CGA),flavonoids,and stilbene.CGA is one the most important and biologically active compounds among phenolic compounds which can be nat...Pear fruits contain diverse sources of phenolic compounds such as Chlorogenic acid(CGA),flavonoids,and stilbene.CGA is one the most important and biologically active compounds among phenolic compounds which can be naturally found in pear.Recent studies demonstrated that CGA plays an important role in maintaining human health,offering antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,anti-cancer benefits,and free radicals scavenger.This review discusses the potential use of pears by products as nutraceuticals and highlights polyphenol composition in pear fruit,particularly the bioavailability and potential mechanism of CGA in mitigating chronic diseases and antioxidative role as a free radicals scavenger.The present study will help to deepen our understanding of the application of CGA and their dietary supplement in the prevention of different biological disorders such as lipid and glucose-impaired metabolism,diabetes,cardiac disease,anticancer,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and neurological disorders.Moreover,the findings of the studies highlight the vast literature gap concerning the bioavailability of CGA in pears and their possible therapeutic action in human health.Overall,CGA from pear may be particularly use as a functional food,dietary supplement,and pharmaceutical for the management and prevention of chronic disease and antioxidant activity.展开更多
Wound healing in postharvest fruits and vegetables is critical for maintaining quality and shelf life,yet the role of endogenous hormones in this process remains unclear.This study integrated transcriptomic and metabo...Wound healing in postharvest fruits and vegetables is critical for maintaining quality and shelf life,yet the role of endogenous hormones in this process remains unclear.This study integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses to explore how hormonal regulation influences wound healing at broccoli stalk incisions during the selfadaptive stage(SAS)within 12 h after harvest.Levels of 12 hormones were quantified,including brassinosteroid(BR),salicylic acid(SA),gibberellins(GAs),cytokinin(CK),indoleacetic acid(IAA),melatonin(MT),ethylene(ET),abscisic acid(ABA),and methyl jasmonate(MeJA).The concentrations of BR,SA,GAs,CK,and ET reached their highest levels at 3 h after harvest,while ABA and MeJA showed maximum accumulation at 12 h.Transcriptomic profiling revealed 40,020 differentially expressed genes,among which 127 were enriched in seven hormone biosynthesis pathways.Key upregulated genes included PAL2 and IPT5 at 3 h,promoting salicylic acid and cytokinin biosynthesis,and OPR3 and NCED3 at 12 h,facilitating the synthesis of methyl jasmonate and abscisic acid.These transcriptional changes were supported by dynamic metabolite variations.The results indicate that mechanical wounding rapidly activates multiple hormone signaling pathways,with early hormonal bursts initiating healing responses and late signals reinforcing tissue repair.This study clarifies the temporal coordination of hormonal regulation during wound healing and provides a theoretical basis for postharvest preservation strategies in cruciferous vegetables.展开更多
基金supported by Research Fund Chosun Univerity,2011
文摘LT codes are practical realization of digital fountain codes, which provides the concept of rateless coding. In this scheme, encoded symbols are generated infinitely from k information symbols. Decoder uses only(1+α)k number of encoded symbols to recover the original information. The degree distribution function in the LT codes helps to generate a random graph also referred as tanner graph. The artifact of tanner graph is responsible for computational complexity and overhead in the LT codes. Intuitively, a well designed degree distribution can be used for an efficient implementation of LT codes. The degree distribution function is studied as a function of power law, and LT codes are classified into two different categories: SFLT and RLT codes. Also, two different degree distributions are proposed and analyzed for SFLT codes which guarantee optimal performance in terms of computational complexity and overhead.
基金supported by the Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund[CX(22)2025]Xinjiang Uygur Aufonomous Region Major Scientific and Technological Project(2024A02006)China Agriculture Research System-Pear(CARS-28).
文摘Pear fruits contain diverse sources of phenolic compounds such as Chlorogenic acid(CGA),flavonoids,and stilbene.CGA is one the most important and biologically active compounds among phenolic compounds which can be naturally found in pear.Recent studies demonstrated that CGA plays an important role in maintaining human health,offering antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,anti-cancer benefits,and free radicals scavenger.This review discusses the potential use of pears by products as nutraceuticals and highlights polyphenol composition in pear fruit,particularly the bioavailability and potential mechanism of CGA in mitigating chronic diseases and antioxidative role as a free radicals scavenger.The present study will help to deepen our understanding of the application of CGA and their dietary supplement in the prevention of different biological disorders such as lipid and glucose-impaired metabolism,diabetes,cardiac disease,anticancer,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and neurological disorders.Moreover,the findings of the studies highlight the vast literature gap concerning the bioavailability of CGA in pears and their possible therapeutic action in human health.Overall,CGA from pear may be particularly use as a functional food,dietary supplement,and pharmaceutical for the management and prevention of chronic disease and antioxidant activity.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32202137)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Prov-ince(ZR2022MC091).
文摘Wound healing in postharvest fruits and vegetables is critical for maintaining quality and shelf life,yet the role of endogenous hormones in this process remains unclear.This study integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses to explore how hormonal regulation influences wound healing at broccoli stalk incisions during the selfadaptive stage(SAS)within 12 h after harvest.Levels of 12 hormones were quantified,including brassinosteroid(BR),salicylic acid(SA),gibberellins(GAs),cytokinin(CK),indoleacetic acid(IAA),melatonin(MT),ethylene(ET),abscisic acid(ABA),and methyl jasmonate(MeJA).The concentrations of BR,SA,GAs,CK,and ET reached their highest levels at 3 h after harvest,while ABA and MeJA showed maximum accumulation at 12 h.Transcriptomic profiling revealed 40,020 differentially expressed genes,among which 127 were enriched in seven hormone biosynthesis pathways.Key upregulated genes included PAL2 and IPT5 at 3 h,promoting salicylic acid and cytokinin biosynthesis,and OPR3 and NCED3 at 12 h,facilitating the synthesis of methyl jasmonate and abscisic acid.These transcriptional changes were supported by dynamic metabolite variations.The results indicate that mechanical wounding rapidly activates multiple hormone signaling pathways,with early hormonal bursts initiating healing responses and late signals reinforcing tissue repair.This study clarifies the temporal coordination of hormonal regulation during wound healing and provides a theoretical basis for postharvest preservation strategies in cruciferous vegetables.
