Vacuum glazing is highly regarded for its ability to transmit light while providing heat preservation,sound insulation,lightweight characteristics,and resistance to condensation.Scholars have made significant strides ...Vacuum glazing is highly regarded for its ability to transmit light while providing heat preservation,sound insulation,lightweight characteristics,and resistance to condensation.Scholars have made significant strides in the study of vacuum glazing through their notable efforts.This study systematically reviewed vacuum glazing and its composite structures,including material selection,fabrication techniques,research methods,and performance evaluation.This review initially presented fundamental techniques for preparing vacuum glazing,with a focus on edge seal and support pillar arrangements,and introduced common composite structures such as hybrid and tinted vacuum glazing.Furthermore,this review summarized the analytical,numerical,and experimental methodologies used to assess the thermal performance of vacuum glazing.This study also outlined heat transfer coefficients associated with various vacuum glazing structures,investigated the influence of different parameters on their heat transfer coefficients,and evaluated their potential for energy conservation across diverse climatic regions.Finally,the research delineated future trends in the advancement of vacuum glazing to provide guidance for both theoretical studies and practical applications in industry.This research serves as a valuable resource for both theoretical exploration and practical integration of vacuum glazing,facilitating its improvement and optimization to advance sustainable low-carbon building practices.展开更多
Self-powered photovoltaic windows,which integrate photovoltaic with electrochromic devices,have attracted widespread attention of scholars since they can generate electricity in situ and reduce building energy consump...Self-powered photovoltaic windows,which integrate photovoltaic with electrochromic devices,have attracted widespread attention of scholars since they can generate electricity in situ and reduce building energy consumption by modulating the transmitted solar radiation.However,previous studies mainly focused on the material development and performance characterization,lack of comfort assessment and energy saving potential of its application to buildings.To address this issue,an adjustable semi-transparent photovoltaic(ATPV)window which integrates CdTe-based photovoltaic and WO3-based electrochromic,was taken as the research object,and a novel rule-based control strategy taking the beam solar radiation luminous efficacy(CtrlEff)as decision variable was proposed for the first time.The ATPV window model was established in WINDOW software based on the measured data,and then it was exported to integrated with a medium office building model in EnergyPlus for performance evaluation including the visual comfort,thermal comfort,net energy consumption,and net-zero energy ratio.The results of a case study in Changsha(E 112°,N 28°)indicated that the ATPV window under the CtrlEff strategy can effectively reduce the southward and westward intolerable glare by 86.9%and 94.9%,respectively,and increase the thermal comfort hours by 5%and 2%,compared to the Low-E window.Furthermore,the net-zero energy consumption can be decreased by 58.7%,65.7%,64.1%,and 53.8%for south,west,east,and north orientations,and the corresponding net-zero energy ratios are 65.1%,54.6%,62.7%,and 61.6%,respectively.The findings of this study provide new strategies for the control and optimization of the adjustable window.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFC3806202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52308093)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2023JJ40154)the Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talent Program of Hunan Province(2023RC1042)the Natural Science Foundation of Changsha(kq2208032)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M741132 and 2024T170263)。
文摘Vacuum glazing is highly regarded for its ability to transmit light while providing heat preservation,sound insulation,lightweight characteristics,and resistance to condensation.Scholars have made significant strides in the study of vacuum glazing through their notable efforts.This study systematically reviewed vacuum glazing and its composite structures,including material selection,fabrication techniques,research methods,and performance evaluation.This review initially presented fundamental techniques for preparing vacuum glazing,with a focus on edge seal and support pillar arrangements,and introduced common composite structures such as hybrid and tinted vacuum glazing.Furthermore,this review summarized the analytical,numerical,and experimental methodologies used to assess the thermal performance of vacuum glazing.This study also outlined heat transfer coefficients associated with various vacuum glazing structures,investigated the influence of different parameters on their heat transfer coefficients,and evaluated their potential for energy conservation across diverse climatic regions.Finally,the research delineated future trends in the advancement of vacuum glazing to provide guidance for both theoretical studies and practical applications in industry.This research serves as a valuable resource for both theoretical exploration and practical integration of vacuum glazing,facilitating its improvement and optimization to advance sustainable low-carbon building practices.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51978252)the High-tech Industry Technology Innovation Leading Plan of Hunan Province(2020GK2076)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(2020RC5003)the Hunan Province Innovation Development Program(2020RC4045)the Hunan Province Key R&D Program(2021SK2045).
文摘Self-powered photovoltaic windows,which integrate photovoltaic with electrochromic devices,have attracted widespread attention of scholars since they can generate electricity in situ and reduce building energy consumption by modulating the transmitted solar radiation.However,previous studies mainly focused on the material development and performance characterization,lack of comfort assessment and energy saving potential of its application to buildings.To address this issue,an adjustable semi-transparent photovoltaic(ATPV)window which integrates CdTe-based photovoltaic and WO3-based electrochromic,was taken as the research object,and a novel rule-based control strategy taking the beam solar radiation luminous efficacy(CtrlEff)as decision variable was proposed for the first time.The ATPV window model was established in WINDOW software based on the measured data,and then it was exported to integrated with a medium office building model in EnergyPlus for performance evaluation including the visual comfort,thermal comfort,net energy consumption,and net-zero energy ratio.The results of a case study in Changsha(E 112°,N 28°)indicated that the ATPV window under the CtrlEff strategy can effectively reduce the southward and westward intolerable glare by 86.9%and 94.9%,respectively,and increase the thermal comfort hours by 5%and 2%,compared to the Low-E window.Furthermore,the net-zero energy consumption can be decreased by 58.7%,65.7%,64.1%,and 53.8%for south,west,east,and north orientations,and the corresponding net-zero energy ratios are 65.1%,54.6%,62.7%,and 61.6%,respectively.The findings of this study provide new strategies for the control and optimization of the adjustable window.
