Cu-based materials are commonly used in electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reactions(NO 3 RR).NO 3 RR is a“two birds,one stone”approach,simultaneously removing NO 3−pollutants and producing valuable ammonia(NH 3).Ho...Cu-based materials are commonly used in electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reactions(NO 3 RR).NO 3 RR is a“two birds,one stone”approach,simultaneously removing NO 3−pollutants and producing valuable ammonia(NH 3).However,the strong coordination between the NO 3−intermediate and the catalytic active sites seriously hinders the conversion effi ciency.Here,we determined that,through encapsulation strategies,the carbon layer could weaken the NO 3−intermediate binding to active sites,resulting in higher NH 3 yields.We experimentally fabricated electrocatalysts,i.e.,Cu nanoparticles encapsulating(or loaded on)N-doped carbon nanofi bers(NCNFs)called Cu@NCNFs(Cu-NCNFs),using electrostatic spinning.As a result,Cu@NCNFs can achieve NH 3 yields of 17.08 mg/(h·mg cat)at a voltage of−0.84 V and a Faraday effi ciency of 98.15%.Meanwhile,the electrochemical properties of the Cu nanoparticles on the surface of carbon fi bers(Cu-NCNFs)are lower than those of the Cu@NCNFs.The in situ Raman spectra of Cu@NCNFs and Cu-NCNFs under various reduction potentials during the NO 3 RR process show that catalyst encapsulation within carbon layers can eff ectively reduce the adsorption of N species by the catalyst,thus improving the catalytic performance in the nitrate-to-ammonia catalytic conversion process.展开更多
Ganoderma polysaccharides(peptides)are essential bio-macromoleculars that determine the quality of Ganoderma.Their molecular weight,distribution and content are influenced by factors such as origin,strain,cultivation ...Ganoderma polysaccharides(peptides)are essential bio-macromoleculars that determine the quality of Ganoderma.Their molecular weight,distribution and content are influenced by factors such as origin,strain,cultivation conditions,harvesting period and processing methods.In this study,we established a molecular weight specific chromatogram using high performance gel permeation chromatography(HPGPC)for Ganoderma glycopeptide and assessed its potential applications.The results revealed consistent molecular weight distributions across different cultivation conditions,with 6–8 characteristic peaks showing similarity values exceeding 0.93.The average molecular weight of common peaks was highest during the budding stage and lowest in the mature stage.Ganoderma lucidum(GL)exhibited higher molecular weights compared to Ganoderma sinense(GS).Moreover,both molecular weight and Ganoderma glycopeptides decreased with prolonged growth periods.The content of GL-PPSQ2 was significantly higher in the budding(1.63±0.15%)and cap-opening stages(1.51±0.12%)compared to the mature stage(1.31±0.05%).Chemometrics analysis revealed distinct molecular weight profiles for different growth stages and varieties.Additionally,the HPGPC method was successfully applied to detect adulteration in Ganoderma extracts,identifying excipients such as maltodextrin and dextran.This study underscores the importance of molecular weight distribution and glycopeptide content as key quality control indicators,providing a rapid and reliable tool for ensuring the authenticity and quality of Ganoderma extracts in the market.展开更多
Objective:Ischemic stroke(IS)is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide,and effective pharmacological treatments are limited.Oridonin(Ori)has demonstrated neuroprotective potential in IS;however,its unde...Objective:Ischemic stroke(IS)is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide,and effective pharmacological treatments are limited.Oridonin(Ori)has demonstrated neuroprotective potential in IS;however,its underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood.Methods:In vitro,oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion(OGD/R)models were established using mouse neuroblastoma Neuro-2a cells and primary cortical neurons.In vivo,a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion(tMCAO)model was induced in male C57BL/6J mice to simulate cerebral ischemic–reperfusion(I/R)injury.The key targets of Ori were identified using activitybased protein profiling(ABPP).The binding affinity between Ori and its target protein was validated using multiple approaches,including cellular thermal shift assay(CETSA),molecular docking,and biolayer interferometry(BLI).Results:Ori significantly suppressed the expression of inflammatory cytokines in tMCAO-and OGD/R-treated neuronal cells.Target identification revealed that high-mobility group box 1(HMGB1)protein is the key mediator of the protective effects of Ori against cerebral I/R injury.Mechanistically,Ori covalently binds to cysteine(Cys)106 of HMGB1,reducing its secretion and proinflammatory activity.Additionally,Ori downregulated cytoplasmic HMGB1 levels and the expression of TLR4 and MyD88,as well as the p-p65/p65 ratio in both OGD/R and tMCAO models.Notably,the HMGB1 inhibitor NecroX-7 conferred protection against OGD/R-induced neuronal injury and tMCAO-induced brain damage in mice,which could not be further modulated by Ori treatment.Conclusions:Our findings demonstrate that Ori confers neuroprotection against brain I/R injury by covalently binding to HMGB1 at Cys106 via its reactive carbon–carbon double bonds,thereby eliminating the proinflammatory activity of HMGB1.This molecular interaction reduces HMGB1 secretion and inhibits the downstream HMGB1/TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway,ultimately attenuating neuroinflammation and ischemic damage.展开更多
The low cost and highly efficient construction of electrocatalysts has attracted significant attention owing to the use of clean and sustainable energy technologies.In this work,cobalt nanoparticle decorated N-doped c...The low cost and highly efficient construction of electrocatalysts has attracted significant attention owing to the use of clean and sustainable energy technologies.In this work,cobalt nanoparticle decorated N-doped carbons(Co@NC)are synthesized by the pyrolysis of a cobalt covalent organic framework under an inert atmosphere.The Co@NC demonstrates improved electrocatalytic capabilities compared to N-doped carbon without the addition of Co nanoparticles,indicating the important role of cobalt.The well-dispersed active sites(Co-Nx)and the synergistic effect between the carbon matrix and Co nanoparticles greatly enhance the electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction.In addition,the Co content has a significant effect on the catalytic activity.The resulting Co@NC-0.86 exhibits a superb electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction in an alkaline electrolyte in terms of the onset potential(0.90 V),half-wave potential(0.80 V)and the limiting current density(4.84 mA·cm^(−2)),and a high selectivity,as well as a strong methanol tolerance and superior durability,these results are comparable to those of the Pt/C catalyst.Furthermore,the superior bifunctional activity of Co@NC-0.86 was also confirmed in a home-built Zn-air battery,signifying the possibility for application in electrode materials and in current energy conversion and storage devices.展开更多
With increasing popularity of mobile devices and flourish of social networks,a large number of trajectory data is accumulated.Trajectory data contains a wealth of information,including spatiality,time series,and other...With increasing popularity of mobile devices and flourish of social networks,a large number of trajectory data is accumulated.Trajectory data contains a wealth of information,including spatiality,time series,and other external descriptive attributes(i.e.,travelling mode,activities,etc.).Trajectory recommendation is especially important to users for finding the routes meeting the user’s travel needs quickly.Most existing trajectory recommendation works return the same route to different users given an origin and a destination.However,the users’behavior preferences can be learned from users’historical multi-attributes trajectories.In this paper,we propose two novel personalized trajectory recommendation methods,i.e.,user behavior probability learning based on matrix decomposition and user behavior probability learning based on Kernel density estimation.We transform the route recommendation problem to a shortest path problem employing Bayesian probability model.Combining the user input(i.e.,an origin and a destination),the trajectory query is performed on a behavior graph based on the learned behavior probability automatically.Finally,a series of experiments on two real datasets validate the effectiveness of our proposed methods.展开更多
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22208048,22202174,62001097 and 21576238)the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(No.YQ2022B001)We would like to acknowledge the technical support from Analysis and Testing Center of Northeast Forestry University.
文摘Cu-based materials are commonly used in electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reactions(NO 3 RR).NO 3 RR is a“two birds,one stone”approach,simultaneously removing NO 3−pollutants and producing valuable ammonia(NH 3).However,the strong coordination between the NO 3−intermediate and the catalytic active sites seriously hinders the conversion effi ciency.Here,we determined that,through encapsulation strategies,the carbon layer could weaken the NO 3−intermediate binding to active sites,resulting in higher NH 3 yields.We experimentally fabricated electrocatalysts,i.e.,Cu nanoparticles encapsulating(or loaded on)N-doped carbon nanofi bers(NCNFs)called Cu@NCNFs(Cu-NCNFs),using electrostatic spinning.As a result,Cu@NCNFs can achieve NH 3 yields of 17.08 mg/(h·mg cat)at a voltage of−0.84 V and a Faraday effi ciency of 98.15%.Meanwhile,the electrochemical properties of the Cu nanoparticles on the surface of carbon fi bers(Cu-NCNFs)are lower than those of the Cu@NCNFs.The in situ Raman spectra of Cu@NCNFs and Cu-NCNFs under various reduction potentials during the NO 3 RR process show that catalyst encapsulation within carbon layers can eff ectively reduce the adsorption of N species by the catalyst,thus improving the catalytic performance in the nitrate-to-ammonia catalytic conversion process.
基金supported by the Special Project for the Protection and Utilization of Agricultural Resources of the Department of Agri-culture and Rural Affairs of Fujian Province“Research and Application of Key Technologies for Innovation and Industrialized Utilization on Juncao and Juncao Mushrooms”(22001XA)the Major Special Project of Fujian Province“Research and application of key technologies for innovation and industrialized utilization of Juncao”(2021NZ029009)Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University“Interdisciplinary integration to promote the high-quality development of Juncao science and Industry”(XKJC-712021030).
文摘Ganoderma polysaccharides(peptides)are essential bio-macromoleculars that determine the quality of Ganoderma.Their molecular weight,distribution and content are influenced by factors such as origin,strain,cultivation conditions,harvesting period and processing methods.In this study,we established a molecular weight specific chromatogram using high performance gel permeation chromatography(HPGPC)for Ganoderma glycopeptide and assessed its potential applications.The results revealed consistent molecular weight distributions across different cultivation conditions,with 6–8 characteristic peaks showing similarity values exceeding 0.93.The average molecular weight of common peaks was highest during the budding stage and lowest in the mature stage.Ganoderma lucidum(GL)exhibited higher molecular weights compared to Ganoderma sinense(GS).Moreover,both molecular weight and Ganoderma glycopeptides decreased with prolonged growth periods.The content of GL-PPSQ2 was significantly higher in the budding(1.63±0.15%)and cap-opening stages(1.51±0.12%)compared to the mature stage(1.31±0.05%).Chemometrics analysis revealed distinct molecular weight profiles for different growth stages and varieties.Additionally,the HPGPC method was successfully applied to detect adulteration in Ganoderma extracts,identifying excipients such as maltodextrin and dextran.This study underscores the importance of molecular weight distribution and glycopeptide content as key quality control indicators,providing a rapid and reliable tool for ensuring the authenticity and quality of Ganoderma extracts in the market.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82204672)Scientific and technological innovation project of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(CI2023E002,CI2023E005TS05,CI2023E005TS08)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(ZZ15-YQ-063,ZZ15-YQ-064,ZZ14-YQ-050,and ZZ17-ND-10-10).
文摘Objective:Ischemic stroke(IS)is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide,and effective pharmacological treatments are limited.Oridonin(Ori)has demonstrated neuroprotective potential in IS;however,its underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood.Methods:In vitro,oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion(OGD/R)models were established using mouse neuroblastoma Neuro-2a cells and primary cortical neurons.In vivo,a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion(tMCAO)model was induced in male C57BL/6J mice to simulate cerebral ischemic–reperfusion(I/R)injury.The key targets of Ori were identified using activitybased protein profiling(ABPP).The binding affinity between Ori and its target protein was validated using multiple approaches,including cellular thermal shift assay(CETSA),molecular docking,and biolayer interferometry(BLI).Results:Ori significantly suppressed the expression of inflammatory cytokines in tMCAO-and OGD/R-treated neuronal cells.Target identification revealed that high-mobility group box 1(HMGB1)protein is the key mediator of the protective effects of Ori against cerebral I/R injury.Mechanistically,Ori covalently binds to cysteine(Cys)106 of HMGB1,reducing its secretion and proinflammatory activity.Additionally,Ori downregulated cytoplasmic HMGB1 levels and the expression of TLR4 and MyD88,as well as the p-p65/p65 ratio in both OGD/R and tMCAO models.Notably,the HMGB1 inhibitor NecroX-7 conferred protection against OGD/R-induced neuronal injury and tMCAO-induced brain damage in mice,which could not be further modulated by Ori treatment.Conclusions:Our findings demonstrate that Ori confers neuroprotection against brain I/R injury by covalently binding to HMGB1 at Cys106 via its reactive carbon–carbon double bonds,thereby eliminating the proinflammatory activity of HMGB1.This molecular interaction reduces HMGB1 secretion and inhibits the downstream HMGB1/TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway,ultimately attenuating neuroinflammation and ischemic damage.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2019PB013)the Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates(Grant No.CXCY2021161)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(Grant No.19JCZDJC37700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21875118).
文摘The low cost and highly efficient construction of electrocatalysts has attracted significant attention owing to the use of clean and sustainable energy technologies.In this work,cobalt nanoparticle decorated N-doped carbons(Co@NC)are synthesized by the pyrolysis of a cobalt covalent organic framework under an inert atmosphere.The Co@NC demonstrates improved electrocatalytic capabilities compared to N-doped carbon without the addition of Co nanoparticles,indicating the important role of cobalt.The well-dispersed active sites(Co-Nx)and the synergistic effect between the carbon matrix and Co nanoparticles greatly enhance the electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction.In addition,the Co content has a significant effect on the catalytic activity.The resulting Co@NC-0.86 exhibits a superb electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction in an alkaline electrolyte in terms of the onset potential(0.90 V),half-wave potential(0.80 V)and the limiting current density(4.84 mA·cm^(−2)),and a high selectivity,as well as a strong methanol tolerance and superior durability,these results are comparable to those of the Pt/C catalyst.Furthermore,the superior bifunctional activity of Co@NC-0.86 was also confirmed in a home-built Zn-air battery,signifying the possibility for application in electrode materials and in current energy conversion and storage devices.
基金This work was partially supported by the grant from the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(F2021210005)the Hebei Province Innovation Capability Improvement Plan(21550803D)+2 种基金the Outstanding Youth Foundation of Hebei Education Department(BJ2021085)the Fourth Outstanding Youth Foundation of Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,and Training Project for Improving Students of Scientific and Technological Innovation Ability for College and Middle School(DXS202106)Scientific Research Project from China Railway Corporation(2020F026).
文摘With increasing popularity of mobile devices and flourish of social networks,a large number of trajectory data is accumulated.Trajectory data contains a wealth of information,including spatiality,time series,and other external descriptive attributes(i.e.,travelling mode,activities,etc.).Trajectory recommendation is especially important to users for finding the routes meeting the user’s travel needs quickly.Most existing trajectory recommendation works return the same route to different users given an origin and a destination.However,the users’behavior preferences can be learned from users’historical multi-attributes trajectories.In this paper,we propose two novel personalized trajectory recommendation methods,i.e.,user behavior probability learning based on matrix decomposition and user behavior probability learning based on Kernel density estimation.We transform the route recommendation problem to a shortest path problem employing Bayesian probability model.Combining the user input(i.e.,an origin and a destination),the trajectory query is performed on a behavior graph based on the learned behavior probability automatically.Finally,a series of experiments on two real datasets validate the effectiveness of our proposed methods.
