在过去的7年中,每年11月中旬的洛杉矶车展前夕,车展组委会会特别设置一个设计挑战赛(Los Angeles AutoShow Design Challenge),每届都有一个特定的话题,世界各大汽车品牌位于美国加州的设计中心受到邀请针对这一主题发挥他们的想象力,...在过去的7年中,每年11月中旬的洛杉矶车展前夕,车展组委会会特别设置一个设计挑战赛(Los Angeles AutoShow Design Challenge),每届都有一个特定的话题,世界各大汽车品牌位于美国加州的设计中心受到邀请针对这一主题发挥他们的想象力,设计出一款最具特色的汽车,最终会通过投票选出优胜者。2010洛杉矶车展设计挑战赛的题目是设计一部舒适安全的四座车,既具有令人满意的驾驶性能。展开更多
Commercial lithium(Li)-ion batteries(LIBs)are approaching their theoretical limits in energy density.As a result,Li metal batteries(LMBs)with either liquid or solid-state electrolytes have been proposed as a next-gene...Commercial lithium(Li)-ion batteries(LIBs)are approaching their theoretical limits in energy density.As a result,Li metal batteries(LMBs)with either liquid or solid-state electrolytes have been proposed as a next-generation alternative,although they currently pose major safety and stability issues.To resolve these issues,most research has focused on the development and production of novelmaterials and coatings.Although promising performance benchmarks have been achieved,these strategiesmay generate issues for large-scale production,due to the added costs associated with using novel materials and developing the required cell fabrication process and infrastructure.Optimizing external conditions,such as selecting specific cell cycling protocols,testing the cell or synthesizing materials at specific temperatures,testing or fabricating the cell under specific mechanical pressures,etc.,are often overlooked as a means of directly improving battery performance without requiring complex material modifications.In this review,we will discuss how these external parameters can address the key failure mechanisms and challenges in LMBs that use either liquid or solid electrolytes.Similarities and differences in mechanisms(Li+transport,Li dendrite propagation,thermal effects,etc.)observed in liquid and solid-state configurations will also be discussed.Finally,we propose the outstanding scientific and economic gaps in LMBs,thereby providing future directions to explore.展开更多
文摘在过去的7年中,每年11月中旬的洛杉矶车展前夕,车展组委会会特别设置一个设计挑战赛(Los Angeles AutoShow Design Challenge),每届都有一个特定的话题,世界各大汽车品牌位于美国加州的设计中心受到邀请针对这一主题发挥他们的想象力,设计出一款最具特色的汽车,最终会通过投票选出优胜者。2010洛杉矶车展设计挑战赛的题目是设计一部舒适安全的四座车,既具有令人满意的驾驶性能。
文摘Commercial lithium(Li)-ion batteries(LIBs)are approaching their theoretical limits in energy density.As a result,Li metal batteries(LMBs)with either liquid or solid-state electrolytes have been proposed as a next-generation alternative,although they currently pose major safety and stability issues.To resolve these issues,most research has focused on the development and production of novelmaterials and coatings.Although promising performance benchmarks have been achieved,these strategiesmay generate issues for large-scale production,due to the added costs associated with using novel materials and developing the required cell fabrication process and infrastructure.Optimizing external conditions,such as selecting specific cell cycling protocols,testing the cell or synthesizing materials at specific temperatures,testing or fabricating the cell under specific mechanical pressures,etc.,are often overlooked as a means of directly improving battery performance without requiring complex material modifications.In this review,we will discuss how these external parameters can address the key failure mechanisms and challenges in LMBs that use either liquid or solid electrolytes.Similarities and differences in mechanisms(Li+transport,Li dendrite propagation,thermal effects,etc.)observed in liquid and solid-state configurations will also be discussed.Finally,we propose the outstanding scientific and economic gaps in LMBs,thereby providing future directions to explore.
