Nanoparticles have distinct properties that make them potentially valuable in a variety of industries.As a result,emerging approaches for the manufacture of nanoparticles are gaining a lot of scientific interest.The b...Nanoparticles have distinct properties that make them potentially valuable in a variety of industries.As a result,emerging approaches for the manufacture of nanoparticles are gaining a lot of scientific interest.The biological pathway of nanoparticle synthesis has been suggested as an effective,affordable,and environmentally safe method.Synthesis of nanoparticles through physical and chemical processes uses unsafe materials,expensive equipment and adversely affects the environment.As a result,in order to support the increased utilization of nanoparticles across many sectors,nanotechnology research activities have shifted toward environmentally safe and cost-effective techniques that outperform chemical and/or biological procedures.The use of organisms to produce metal nanoparticles is among the most frequently discussed methods.Plants appear to be the best candidates among these organisms for large-scale nanoparticle biosynthesis.Medicinal plants have been employed as reducing agents and NP stabilizers to minimize the toxicity of NPs in both the environment and the human body.Furthermore,the presence of certain functional components in plant extracts may be extremely useful and effective for the human body.Polyphenol,for example,which may have antioxidant properties,might intercept free radicals before they interact with other biomolecules and cause considerable damage.The current article analyzes the most recent developments and improvements in the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles by different plants and the use of these nanoparticles for various biomedical applications and hopes to provide insights into this exciting research frontier.展开更多
Macrophages are immune cells of myeloid origin and are present in almost all tissues.They perform a wide variety of functions contributing to tissue development,homeostasis,pathogenesis,and repair(Wynn et al.,2013).St...Macrophages are immune cells of myeloid origin and are present in almost all tissues.They perform a wide variety of functions contributing to tissue development,homeostasis,pathogenesis,and repair(Wynn et al.,2013).Strikingly,macrophages residing at different tissues,and at different compartments of an individual tissue,demonstrate enormously diverse molecular characteristics(Gordon and Taylor,2005).展开更多
Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy(NACT)is utilized in locally advanced oral cancers to reduce the tumor burden and downstage the tumor to be amenable for definitive surgical management.Its long-term results compared to upfron...Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy(NACT)is utilized in locally advanced oral cancers to reduce the tumor burden and downstage the tumor to be amenable for definitive surgical management.Its long-term results compared to upfront surgical resection was not encouraging.Immunotherapy has now been used not only in recurrence and metastatic setting but also in the locally advanced tumor management regimens.The purpose of this concept paper is to bring forward the rationale to use a fixed low-dose immunotherapy agent as a potentiator to the standard NACT regimen and recommend their future investigation in oral cancer management.展开更多
Effective therapies for peripheral nerve repair are still lacking despite active research in this field over the past years.The limited knowledge of biomolecules that equally promote axon regeneration and glial cell d...Effective therapies for peripheral nerve repair are still lacking despite active research in this field over the past years.The limited knowledge of biomolecules that equally promote axon regeneration and glial cell dynamics,which are critical for nerve regeneration,poses a major challenge in developing effective therapies.Here,we showed that the neurotrophic factor mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor(MANF)equally promotes axon regeneration and glial cell dynamics favorable for nerve regeneration.Using adult rodent models,we showed that the endogenous expression of MANF is restricted to non-peptidergic sensory neurons.However,supplementation of exogenous MANF promoted the growth of all subtypes of adult sensory neurons.We also demonstrated that exogenous MANF promotes the proliferation and migration of adult primary Schwann Cells(SCs).Furthermore,we showed that local and repeated administration of MANF to injured nerves promotes axon regeneration in mice models.Finally,we devised a therapeutic approach by programming nerve-resident SCs to locally and continuously deliver MANF to injured nerves and showed that this approach improves axon regeneration.Overall,this work developed a therapeutic approach by harnessing the power of SCs as a local delivery system for MANF for nerve repair.展开更多
文摘Nanoparticles have distinct properties that make them potentially valuable in a variety of industries.As a result,emerging approaches for the manufacture of nanoparticles are gaining a lot of scientific interest.The biological pathway of nanoparticle synthesis has been suggested as an effective,affordable,and environmentally safe method.Synthesis of nanoparticles through physical and chemical processes uses unsafe materials,expensive equipment and adversely affects the environment.As a result,in order to support the increased utilization of nanoparticles across many sectors,nanotechnology research activities have shifted toward environmentally safe and cost-effective techniques that outperform chemical and/or biological procedures.The use of organisms to produce metal nanoparticles is among the most frequently discussed methods.Plants appear to be the best candidates among these organisms for large-scale nanoparticle biosynthesis.Medicinal plants have been employed as reducing agents and NP stabilizers to minimize the toxicity of NPs in both the environment and the human body.Furthermore,the presence of certain functional components in plant extracts may be extremely useful and effective for the human body.Polyphenol,for example,which may have antioxidant properties,might intercept free radicals before they interact with other biomolecules and cause considerable damage.The current article analyzes the most recent developments and improvements in the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles by different plants and the use of these nanoparticles for various biomedical applications and hopes to provide insights into this exciting research frontier.
基金supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council(NSERC),Canada(Discovery Grant No.RGPIN-2020-05862,to AK)。
文摘Macrophages are immune cells of myeloid origin and are present in almost all tissues.They perform a wide variety of functions contributing to tissue development,homeostasis,pathogenesis,and repair(Wynn et al.,2013).Strikingly,macrophages residing at different tissues,and at different compartments of an individual tissue,demonstrate enormously diverse molecular characteristics(Gordon and Taylor,2005).
文摘Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy(NACT)is utilized in locally advanced oral cancers to reduce the tumor burden and downstage the tumor to be amenable for definitive surgical management.Its long-term results compared to upfront surgical resection was not encouraging.Immunotherapy has now been used not only in recurrence and metastatic setting but also in the locally advanced tumor management regimens.The purpose of this concept paper is to bring forward the rationale to use a fixed low-dose immunotherapy agent as a potentiator to the standard NACT regimen and recommend their future investigation in oral cancer management.
基金supported by the College of Medicine Research Award from the College of Medicine at the University of Saskatchewan to AK(Krishnan)supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council(NSERC)of Canada Discovery Launch Supplement(DGECR-2020-00049)to AKthe CoMGRAD fellowship from the College of Medicine to BS.
文摘Effective therapies for peripheral nerve repair are still lacking despite active research in this field over the past years.The limited knowledge of biomolecules that equally promote axon regeneration and glial cell dynamics,which are critical for nerve regeneration,poses a major challenge in developing effective therapies.Here,we showed that the neurotrophic factor mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor(MANF)equally promotes axon regeneration and glial cell dynamics favorable for nerve regeneration.Using adult rodent models,we showed that the endogenous expression of MANF is restricted to non-peptidergic sensory neurons.However,supplementation of exogenous MANF promoted the growth of all subtypes of adult sensory neurons.We also demonstrated that exogenous MANF promotes the proliferation and migration of adult primary Schwann Cells(SCs).Furthermore,we showed that local and repeated administration of MANF to injured nerves promotes axon regeneration in mice models.Finally,we devised a therapeutic approach by programming nerve-resident SCs to locally and continuously deliver MANF to injured nerves and showed that this approach improves axon regeneration.Overall,this work developed a therapeutic approach by harnessing the power of SCs as a local delivery system for MANF for nerve repair.
