An exact average symbol error rate analysis for the distributed dual-hop relay cooperative network with multiple relays in a Nakagami-m fading environment is presented.In the derivation of the moment generation functi...An exact average symbol error rate analysis for the distributed dual-hop relay cooperative network with multiple relays in a Nakagami-m fading environment is presented.In the derivation of the moment generation function of receiver Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR),the sectional integral method is used,instead of the cumulative density function method which is ordinarily used by the deduction of the outage probability of S-R-D link.The accurate symbol error rate of a dual-hop relay cooperative network is obtained with the closed-form Moment Genoration Function (MGF) expression.The correctness of the symbol error rate is verified through numerical simulations and is compared with other analytical methods.These deductions clearly show that the distributed cooperative diversity network presented has strong superiorities in overcoming severe fading and can achieve full diversity order.展开更多
结合多波束低轨(multi-beam low earth orbit,MB-LEO)卫星通信场景,研究了一种多目标载波功率联合优化(joint subcarrier scheduling and power control resource allocation,JSSPC-RA)算法。通过求解整数混合规划非凸优化问题,得到了...结合多波束低轨(multi-beam low earth orbit,MB-LEO)卫星通信场景,研究了一种多目标载波功率联合优化(joint subcarrier scheduling and power control resource allocation,JSSPC-RA)算法。通过求解整数混合规划非凸优化问题,得到了不同通信需求下MC-DS-CDMA子载波和子载波功率的联合调度方案,实现了系统用户未满足容量和卫星总功耗的最小化。仿真结果表明,相对于传统的载波功率均分策略,JSSPC-RA算法能够在满足系统吞吐量需求的前提下大幅节省卫星总功耗;同时,通过调节权值系数,JSSPC-RA算法可以生成用户吞吐量需求与卫星总能耗折中的系统设计方案,适用于频谱、能量资源高度受限的MB-LEO卫星系统。展开更多
E3 ubiquitin ligases are involved in various physiological processes,and they play pivotal roles in growth and development.In this study,we identified a previously unknown gene in the apple fruit(Malus×domestica)...E3 ubiquitin ligases are involved in various physiological processes,and they play pivotal roles in growth and development.In this study,we identified a previously unknown gene in the apple fruit(Malus×domestica)and named it MdMIEL1.The MdMIEL1 gene encoded a protein that contained a zinc-finger domain at its N-terminus and a RING-finger motif at its C-terminus.To investigate MdMIEL1 functions,we generated transgenic Arabidopsis lines expressing the MdMIEL1 gene under the control of the Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter.Interestingly,ectopic expression of MdMIEL1 in Arabidopsis produced multiple phenotypes,including early germination,early flowering and a lateral root number increase relative to wild-type plants.Further analysis indicated that MdMIEL1 regulated lateral root initiation by increasing auxin accumulation in the roots.In a word,these results suggest that,MdMIEL1 as a novel RING-finger ubiquitin ligase influences plant growth and development,and highlight that MdMIEL1 regulates lateral root growth.展开更多
基金supported by Important National Science ＆ Technology Specific Projects under Grant No.CX01011the Important National Science ＆ Technology Specific Projects under Grant No.4101002+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No.61002014,No.60972017,No.60972018the Excellent Young Teachers Program of MOE,PRC under Grant No.2009110120028the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education under Grants No.20091101110019,No.20070007019
文摘An exact average symbol error rate analysis for the distributed dual-hop relay cooperative network with multiple relays in a Nakagami-m fading environment is presented.In the derivation of the moment generation function of receiver Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR),the sectional integral method is used,instead of the cumulative density function method which is ordinarily used by the deduction of the outage probability of S-R-D link.The accurate symbol error rate of a dual-hop relay cooperative network is obtained with the closed-form Moment Genoration Function (MGF) expression.The correctness of the symbol error rate is verified through numerical simulations and is compared with other analytical methods.These deductions clearly show that the distributed cooperative diversity network presented has strong superiorities in overcoming severe fading and can achieve full diversity order.
文摘结合多波束低轨(multi-beam low earth orbit,MB-LEO)卫星通信场景,研究了一种多目标载波功率联合优化(joint subcarrier scheduling and power control resource allocation,JSSPC-RA)算法。通过求解整数混合规划非凸优化问题,得到了不同通信需求下MC-DS-CDMA子载波和子载波功率的联合调度方案,实现了系统用户未满足容量和卫星总功耗的最小化。仿真结果表明,相对于传统的载波功率均分策略,JSSPC-RA算法能够在满足系统吞吐量需求的前提下大幅节省卫星总功耗;同时,通过调节权值系数,JSSPC-RA算法可以生成用户吞吐量需求与卫星总能耗折中的系统设计方案,适用于频谱、能量资源高度受限的MB-LEO卫星系统。
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31272142, 31325024, 31471854)Ministry of Education of China (IRT15R42)
文摘E3 ubiquitin ligases are involved in various physiological processes,and they play pivotal roles in growth and development.In this study,we identified a previously unknown gene in the apple fruit(Malus×domestica)and named it MdMIEL1.The MdMIEL1 gene encoded a protein that contained a zinc-finger domain at its N-terminus and a RING-finger motif at its C-terminus.To investigate MdMIEL1 functions,we generated transgenic Arabidopsis lines expressing the MdMIEL1 gene under the control of the Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter.Interestingly,ectopic expression of MdMIEL1 in Arabidopsis produced multiple phenotypes,including early germination,early flowering and a lateral root number increase relative to wild-type plants.Further analysis indicated that MdMIEL1 regulated lateral root initiation by increasing auxin accumulation in the roots.In a word,these results suggest that,MdMIEL1 as a novel RING-finger ubiquitin ligase influences plant growth and development,and highlight that MdMIEL1 regulates lateral root growth.
