Over 350 million years have passed since the documentation of the first interaction between plants and insects. Numerous plant defense qualities and associated counter-adaptive features have developed as a result of t...Over 350 million years have passed since the documentation of the first interaction between plants and insects. Numerous plant defense qualities and associated counter-adaptive features have developed as a result of these interactions between insects and plants. These characteristics might be either morphological or biological in nature. One of the most significant and useful biochemical characteristics in plants is latex. Latex has a sticky property due to presence of secondary metabolites in it, which aids in entangling or sealing the mouthparts of small insects. These metabolites also chemically interact with the insects interfering with crucial bodily processes. Plant latex has amazing properties that help protect plants from insects and inhibit them in general. It may be possible to control insect pests in a natural, secure, and long-lasting manner by correctly identifying plant latex with strong insecticidal properties and developing formulations of plant latex.展开更多
Atrial fibrillation(AF)is the most common arrhythmia diagnosed in clinical practice.The consequences of AF have been clearly estab-lished in multiple large observational cohort studies and include increased stroke and...Atrial fibrillation(AF)is the most common arrhythmia diagnosed in clinical practice.The consequences of AF have been clearly estab-lished in multiple large observational cohort studies and include increased stroke and systemic embolism rates if no oral anticoagulation is prescribed,with increased morbidity and mortality.With the worldwide aging of the population characterized by a large influx of"baby boomers"with or without risk factors for developing AF,an epidemic is forecasted within the next 10 to 20 years.Although not all studies support this evidence,it is clear that AF is on the rise and a significant amount of health resources are invested in detecting and managing AF This review focuses on the worldwide burden of AF and reviews global health strategies focused on improving detection,prevention and risk stratification of AF,recently recommended by the World Heart Federation.展开更多
AIM:To investigate lipid metabolism and the relationship with monocyte expression of the fatty acid translocase CD36 in South Asians.METHODS:An observational study of South Asians whom as an ethnic group have-a higher...AIM:To investigate lipid metabolism and the relationship with monocyte expression of the fatty acid translocase CD36 in South Asians.METHODS:An observational study of South Asians whom as an ethnic group have-a higher risk of developing diabetes.The susceptibility to diabetes is coupled with an earlier and more rapid progression of micro-,and macro-vascular complications.Twentynine healthy South Asian participants [mean age 34.6(8.9) years,76.2% male,mean body-mass index 25.0(5.2) kg/m2] were recruited from an urban residential area of central Birmingham(United Kingdom).The main outcomes measured were post prandial(30 min) and post absorptive(120 min) changes from fasting(0 min) in circulating lipoproteins,lipds and hormones,andmonocyte expression of CD36 post injection of a 75 g oral glucose challenge.The inducements of variations of monocyte CD36 expression were analysed.RESULTS:Our results showed evident changes in monocyte CD36 expression following the glucose challenge(P < 0.001).Non-esterified fatty acids(NEFA) levels decreased progressively during the challenge(P < 0.001),in contrast to increased cholesterol(but not triglyceride) concentrations within very low density lipoprotein(VLDL) and low density lipoprotein subfractions(P < 0.01).Levels of,glucose,serum triglycerides and high density lipoprotein cholesterol remained largely unchanged.Variations of monocyte CD36 were negatively(r =-0.47,P = 0.04) associated to fat from the diet and positively to carbohydrate from the diet(r = 0.65,P < 0.001).CONCLUSION:These data suggest that the initiation of VLDL genesis follows the consumption of glucose within this population,inferring that the sequestration of NEFA from these particles happens due to the increased availability of CD36 receptors.While these are preliminary results,it would appear that lifestyle exposures have a role in moderating the expression of CD36.展开更多
文摘Over 350 million years have passed since the documentation of the first interaction between plants and insects. Numerous plant defense qualities and associated counter-adaptive features have developed as a result of these interactions between insects and plants. These characteristics might be either morphological or biological in nature. One of the most significant and useful biochemical characteristics in plants is latex. Latex has a sticky property due to presence of secondary metabolites in it, which aids in entangling or sealing the mouthparts of small insects. These metabolites also chemically interact with the insects interfering with crucial bodily processes. Plant latex has amazing properties that help protect plants from insects and inhibit them in general. It may be possible to control insect pests in a natural, secure, and long-lasting manner by correctly identifying plant latex with strong insecticidal properties and developing formulations of plant latex.
文摘Atrial fibrillation(AF)is the most common arrhythmia diagnosed in clinical practice.The consequences of AF have been clearly estab-lished in multiple large observational cohort studies and include increased stroke and systemic embolism rates if no oral anticoagulation is prescribed,with increased morbidity and mortality.With the worldwide aging of the population characterized by a large influx of"baby boomers"with or without risk factors for developing AF,an epidemic is forecasted within the next 10 to 20 years.Although not all studies support this evidence,it is clear that AF is on the rise and a significant amount of health resources are invested in detecting and managing AF This review focuses on the worldwide burden of AF and reviews global health strategies focused on improving detection,prevention and risk stratification of AF,recently recommended by the World Heart Federation.
基金The British Heart Foundation(Project Grant Award:PG PG/08/014)A postdoctoral research grant from the Fundación Ramón Areces(Spain)(to Dr.Montoro-Garcia S)
文摘AIM:To investigate lipid metabolism and the relationship with monocyte expression of the fatty acid translocase CD36 in South Asians.METHODS:An observational study of South Asians whom as an ethnic group have-a higher risk of developing diabetes.The susceptibility to diabetes is coupled with an earlier and more rapid progression of micro-,and macro-vascular complications.Twentynine healthy South Asian participants [mean age 34.6(8.9) years,76.2% male,mean body-mass index 25.0(5.2) kg/m2] were recruited from an urban residential area of central Birmingham(United Kingdom).The main outcomes measured were post prandial(30 min) and post absorptive(120 min) changes from fasting(0 min) in circulating lipoproteins,lipds and hormones,andmonocyte expression of CD36 post injection of a 75 g oral glucose challenge.The inducements of variations of monocyte CD36 expression were analysed.RESULTS:Our results showed evident changes in monocyte CD36 expression following the glucose challenge(P < 0.001).Non-esterified fatty acids(NEFA) levels decreased progressively during the challenge(P < 0.001),in contrast to increased cholesterol(but not triglyceride) concentrations within very low density lipoprotein(VLDL) and low density lipoprotein subfractions(P < 0.01).Levels of,glucose,serum triglycerides and high density lipoprotein cholesterol remained largely unchanged.Variations of monocyte CD36 were negatively(r =-0.47,P = 0.04) associated to fat from the diet and positively to carbohydrate from the diet(r = 0.65,P < 0.001).CONCLUSION:These data suggest that the initiation of VLDL genesis follows the consumption of glucose within this population,inferring that the sequestration of NEFA from these particles happens due to the increased availability of CD36 receptors.While these are preliminary results,it would appear that lifestyle exposures have a role in moderating the expression of CD36.
基金The BigData@Heart project has received funding from the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking under grant agreement No 116074This Joint Undertaking receives support from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations.
