Chyluria is a urological manifestation of lymphatic system abnormality as a result of some abnormal communication between these two systems. Although chyluria as such is rare, filariasis is most common cause in Asian ...Chyluria is a urological manifestation of lymphatic system abnormality as a result of some abnormal communication between these two systems. Although chyluria as such is rare, filariasis is most common cause in Asian countries. This parasitic tropical debilitating disease is known for chronicity, recurrence and resultant complications. This article provides importance of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), as a non-invasive modality, in the diagnosis of exact etiopathogenesis of chyluria along with clinical symptoms, other investigations required and brief about the management protocols. On MRI, abnormally dilated lymphatics are visualized as meshwork of multiple tubular, tortuous, fluid-filled structures in the retroperitoneum. We report a case of 20 year young adult who presented with history of passing whitish urine on and off since 8 months. MRI helped in the detection of the site and level of lymphatic obstruction and resultant lympho-urinary fistula.展开更多
Purpose: To determine whether endovascular embolization of pseudoaneurysms complicating pancreatitis with microcoils was associated with better therapeutic outcome. Materials and Method: The prospective clinical study...Purpose: To determine whether endovascular embolization of pseudoaneurysms complicating pancreatitis with microcoils was associated with better therapeutic outcome. Materials and Method: The prospective clinical study was carried out in the Department of Interventional Radiology for a period of 2 years extending from May 2010 upto August 2012 on 16 male patients in the age group of about 30 - 55 years, with each one of them having vascular complications as a sequel to pancreatitis, after obtaining well informed written consent from each one of them. Results: The outcome of the procedure was judged by the following parameters—a) Restoration of the blood pressure of the patient;b) Cessation of the hemetemesis and malena;c) Reduction in abdominal pain and discomfort and d) Overall improvement in the general condition of the patient. Each of the patients had been on follow up for at least 6 months, except 2 of them, with no new complaints in any of them. The procedure related mortality was none. Conclusion: Vascular complications of pancreatitis need immediate and accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment. Micro coil embolisation, is a minimally invasive technique which helps to exclude the pseudoaneurysm from the circulation and thus reduces the scope for massive life threatening internal hemorrhage, and is a better alternative to surgery.展开更多
Splenic artery aneurysms (SAA) are third most common intra-abdominal aneurysm (after aneurysms of the abdominal aorta and iliac arteries). A splenic artery aneurysm larger than 3 cm is even rare. Splenic artery aneury...Splenic artery aneurysms (SAA) are third most common intra-abdominal aneurysm (after aneurysms of the abdominal aorta and iliac arteries). A splenic artery aneurysm larger than 3 cm is even rare. Splenic artery aneurysms are fatal vascular lesions if ruptured. The incidence of rupture is increased in larger aneurysms. Transcatheter arterial embolization is an alternative method of treatment in a patient with splenic arterial aneurysm which has relative lower morbidity and mortality than surgical procedures. Here, we report a case of giant ruptured proximal splenic artery pseudoaneurysm detected by contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) & referred to Interventional Radiology for Transcatheter arterial embolisation.展开更多
Purpose: To study the specificity of mammography and ultrasonography separately and in combination for detection of breast masses (ultrasonography-mammography correlation);To study the investigations to evaluate vario...Purpose: To study the specificity of mammography and ultrasonography separately and in combination for detection of breast masses (ultrasonography-mammography correlation);To study the investigations to evaluate various breast masses;To describe suitable indications, advantages and limitations of each technique compared with other available modalities;To study the mimics of breast masses;To have histopathology follow-up and retrospective evaluation with imaging findings to improve diagnostic skills in series of 166 patients complaining of breast mass. Material: The prospective clinical study was carried out in the department of Radiodiagnosis for a period of 2 year extending from December 2010 to December 2012 infemale patients complaining of breast mass. Well informed written consent was obtained from them. Histopathology follow up was obtained from either biopsy or post operative tissue. USG machine: Philips HD 11 XE USG of the breasts and axillary region done in supine position in presence of female attendant;Mammography machine: Allengers machine with Agfa special mammography cassettes. Cranio caudal and Medio-Lateral Oblique views are taken in the presence of female attendant. MRI: PHILIPS 1.5 T machine;CT: SIEMENS duel slice CT machine. Results: Ultrasonography and mammography was done in most of the cases were sufficient to diagnose the lesion in most of the cases especially in benign breast masses. MRI and CT scan was used in special cases to know the extent of the lesions, in mimics of breast masses, bony extensions, primary muscular and bony lesions. Total 166 patients complaining of breast mass in one or both breasts were examined and evaluated with USG and mammography. The lesions were confirmed on histopathology (FNAC/biopsy). Out of 30 diagnosed malignancies two lesions were missed on mammography and four lesions were missed on ultrasonography. One of them was missed on both. For malignancies specificity of mammography is 93.3% and that of ultrasonography is 86.67%. Combining both the modalities specificity is near 97%. Out of total 92 abnormal breasts 12 were missed on USG and 20 were missed on mammography. Combining both the modalities only 2 lesions were missed and were diagnosed on histopathology alone. Overall specificity for USG in breast masses is 86.9% and for mammography it is 78.6%. Combining both the modalities the specificity is 97.6%. The “p” value is obtained which is highly significant for combination of ultrasonography and mammography in comparison with any individual modality (p = 0.0059 & p = 0.0001 respectively). Conclusion: Our study confirms the higher combined sensitivity rate for ultrasonography and mammography for detection of breast masses including malignancies. USG is useful in cystic lesions, ectasias, infections, pregnancy-lactation, and dense breast evaluation and for image guidance, whereas mammography is useful in detecting microcalcifications, spiculated masses for early detection of malignancies and for stereotactic biopsies. To suggest single modality, ultrasonography is better in younger population and BIRAD 1, 2 & 3 lesions. Whereas, mammography is better in older population and BIRAD 4 & 5 lesions. However, sono-mammographic correlation is best in both.展开更多
Gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTD) are one of the rare complications of pregnancy, which include partial and complete moles with their more aggressive counterparts termed as Gestational trophoblastic neoplasias ...Gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTD) are one of the rare complications of pregnancy, which include partial and complete moles with their more aggressive counterparts termed as Gestational trophoblastic neoplasias (GTN). Their association with uterine vascular malformations is well recognised and should be suspected in appropriate clinical settings. Selective uterine artery embolization is a safe and effective alternative method of treatment in a patient with severe per vaginal bleeding from residual uterine vascular malformations due to GTN which has relative lower morbidity and mortality than surgical procedures. Here, we report a case of residual uterine arterio-venous malformation due to invasive mole detected by ultrasonography (US) and contrast enhancedMRI & referred to Interventional Radiology for Transcathetor arterial embolization.展开更多
The MURCS association which stands for Mullerian, Renal, Cervicothoracic Somite Abnormalities is a rare developmental anomaly seen in females. The clinical course of this disorder is not clearly defined as of yet-whic...The MURCS association which stands for Mullerian, Renal, Cervicothoracic Somite Abnormalities is a rare developmental anomaly seen in females. The clinical course of this disorder is not clearly defined as of yet-which may range from asymptomatic to severe disability. Here we present the case of a young 22-year-old female who was incidentally detected to have a generalized increase in bone density with an absent uterus. Further workup revealed a case of MURCS association with renal osteodystrophy. This is an as of yet unreported complication/association and must be kept in mind in the treatment of these patients.展开更多
Fetus in fetu is an extremely rare condition embryologically arising in monozygotic diamniotic twins with an incidence of 1:500,000 births. To the best of our knowledge, number of reported cases should not be more tha...Fetus in fetu is an extremely rare condition embryologically arising in monozygotic diamniotic twins with an incidence of 1:500,000 births. To the best of our knowledge, number of reported cases should not be more than 100 with majority of cases presenting in post natal life with only 5 cases detected prenatally. We are presenting a case diagnosed at 24 weeks of gestation on ultrasound with presence of well formed skull, facial skeleton and bony orbit.展开更多
Mediastinal lipomatous tumors with additional malignant soft tissue components are exceedingly rare. Patients can have substantially large sized tumors with long duration of symptoms and can be misinterpreted on radio...Mediastinal lipomatous tumors with additional malignant soft tissue components are exceedingly rare. Patients can have substantially large sized tumors with long duration of symptoms and can be misinterpreted on radiographs. Enhancing soft tissue component within a fat density lesion within the mediastinum is alarming and should raise the suspicion of sarcomatous component. Along with diagnostic imaging, selective CT guided biopsy/FNAC from the enhancing soft tissue component can help in making correct diagnosis.展开更多
Hydatid disease is one of the common parasitic infestations in many parts of the world with involvement of any organ inside the human body. Ocular hydatid cyst is one of such locations and is a relatively rare entity....Hydatid disease is one of the common parasitic infestations in many parts of the world with involvement of any organ inside the human body. Ocular hydatid cyst is one of such locations and is a relatively rare entity. However, with the help of MRI imaging and super added benefit of MRI Spectroscopy, the diagnosis of hydatid cyst can be reached to with great confidence, which dictates the proper line of management in such patients.展开更多
文摘Chyluria is a urological manifestation of lymphatic system abnormality as a result of some abnormal communication between these two systems. Although chyluria as such is rare, filariasis is most common cause in Asian countries. This parasitic tropical debilitating disease is known for chronicity, recurrence and resultant complications. This article provides importance of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), as a non-invasive modality, in the diagnosis of exact etiopathogenesis of chyluria along with clinical symptoms, other investigations required and brief about the management protocols. On MRI, abnormally dilated lymphatics are visualized as meshwork of multiple tubular, tortuous, fluid-filled structures in the retroperitoneum. We report a case of 20 year young adult who presented with history of passing whitish urine on and off since 8 months. MRI helped in the detection of the site and level of lymphatic obstruction and resultant lympho-urinary fistula.
文摘Purpose: To determine whether endovascular embolization of pseudoaneurysms complicating pancreatitis with microcoils was associated with better therapeutic outcome. Materials and Method: The prospective clinical study was carried out in the Department of Interventional Radiology for a period of 2 years extending from May 2010 upto August 2012 on 16 male patients in the age group of about 30 - 55 years, with each one of them having vascular complications as a sequel to pancreatitis, after obtaining well informed written consent from each one of them. Results: The outcome of the procedure was judged by the following parameters—a) Restoration of the blood pressure of the patient;b) Cessation of the hemetemesis and malena;c) Reduction in abdominal pain and discomfort and d) Overall improvement in the general condition of the patient. Each of the patients had been on follow up for at least 6 months, except 2 of them, with no new complaints in any of them. The procedure related mortality was none. Conclusion: Vascular complications of pancreatitis need immediate and accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment. Micro coil embolisation, is a minimally invasive technique which helps to exclude the pseudoaneurysm from the circulation and thus reduces the scope for massive life threatening internal hemorrhage, and is a better alternative to surgery.
文摘Splenic artery aneurysms (SAA) are third most common intra-abdominal aneurysm (after aneurysms of the abdominal aorta and iliac arteries). A splenic artery aneurysm larger than 3 cm is even rare. Splenic artery aneurysms are fatal vascular lesions if ruptured. The incidence of rupture is increased in larger aneurysms. Transcatheter arterial embolization is an alternative method of treatment in a patient with splenic arterial aneurysm which has relative lower morbidity and mortality than surgical procedures. Here, we report a case of giant ruptured proximal splenic artery pseudoaneurysm detected by contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) & referred to Interventional Radiology for Transcatheter arterial embolisation.
文摘Purpose: To study the specificity of mammography and ultrasonography separately and in combination for detection of breast masses (ultrasonography-mammography correlation);To study the investigations to evaluate various breast masses;To describe suitable indications, advantages and limitations of each technique compared with other available modalities;To study the mimics of breast masses;To have histopathology follow-up and retrospective evaluation with imaging findings to improve diagnostic skills in series of 166 patients complaining of breast mass. Material: The prospective clinical study was carried out in the department of Radiodiagnosis for a period of 2 year extending from December 2010 to December 2012 infemale patients complaining of breast mass. Well informed written consent was obtained from them. Histopathology follow up was obtained from either biopsy or post operative tissue. USG machine: Philips HD 11 XE USG of the breasts and axillary region done in supine position in presence of female attendant;Mammography machine: Allengers machine with Agfa special mammography cassettes. Cranio caudal and Medio-Lateral Oblique views are taken in the presence of female attendant. MRI: PHILIPS 1.5 T machine;CT: SIEMENS duel slice CT machine. Results: Ultrasonography and mammography was done in most of the cases were sufficient to diagnose the lesion in most of the cases especially in benign breast masses. MRI and CT scan was used in special cases to know the extent of the lesions, in mimics of breast masses, bony extensions, primary muscular and bony lesions. Total 166 patients complaining of breast mass in one or both breasts were examined and evaluated with USG and mammography. The lesions were confirmed on histopathology (FNAC/biopsy). Out of 30 diagnosed malignancies two lesions were missed on mammography and four lesions were missed on ultrasonography. One of them was missed on both. For malignancies specificity of mammography is 93.3% and that of ultrasonography is 86.67%. Combining both the modalities specificity is near 97%. Out of total 92 abnormal breasts 12 were missed on USG and 20 were missed on mammography. Combining both the modalities only 2 lesions were missed and were diagnosed on histopathology alone. Overall specificity for USG in breast masses is 86.9% and for mammography it is 78.6%. Combining both the modalities the specificity is 97.6%. The “p” value is obtained which is highly significant for combination of ultrasonography and mammography in comparison with any individual modality (p = 0.0059 & p = 0.0001 respectively). Conclusion: Our study confirms the higher combined sensitivity rate for ultrasonography and mammography for detection of breast masses including malignancies. USG is useful in cystic lesions, ectasias, infections, pregnancy-lactation, and dense breast evaluation and for image guidance, whereas mammography is useful in detecting microcalcifications, spiculated masses for early detection of malignancies and for stereotactic biopsies. To suggest single modality, ultrasonography is better in younger population and BIRAD 1, 2 & 3 lesions. Whereas, mammography is better in older population and BIRAD 4 & 5 lesions. However, sono-mammographic correlation is best in both.
文摘Gestational trophoblastic diseases (GTD) are one of the rare complications of pregnancy, which include partial and complete moles with their more aggressive counterparts termed as Gestational trophoblastic neoplasias (GTN). Their association with uterine vascular malformations is well recognised and should be suspected in appropriate clinical settings. Selective uterine artery embolization is a safe and effective alternative method of treatment in a patient with severe per vaginal bleeding from residual uterine vascular malformations due to GTN which has relative lower morbidity and mortality than surgical procedures. Here, we report a case of residual uterine arterio-venous malformation due to invasive mole detected by ultrasonography (US) and contrast enhancedMRI & referred to Interventional Radiology for Transcathetor arterial embolization.
文摘The MURCS association which stands for Mullerian, Renal, Cervicothoracic Somite Abnormalities is a rare developmental anomaly seen in females. The clinical course of this disorder is not clearly defined as of yet-which may range from asymptomatic to severe disability. Here we present the case of a young 22-year-old female who was incidentally detected to have a generalized increase in bone density with an absent uterus. Further workup revealed a case of MURCS association with renal osteodystrophy. This is an as of yet unreported complication/association and must be kept in mind in the treatment of these patients.
文摘Fetus in fetu is an extremely rare condition embryologically arising in monozygotic diamniotic twins with an incidence of 1:500,000 births. To the best of our knowledge, number of reported cases should not be more than 100 with majority of cases presenting in post natal life with only 5 cases detected prenatally. We are presenting a case diagnosed at 24 weeks of gestation on ultrasound with presence of well formed skull, facial skeleton and bony orbit.
文摘Mediastinal lipomatous tumors with additional malignant soft tissue components are exceedingly rare. Patients can have substantially large sized tumors with long duration of symptoms and can be misinterpreted on radiographs. Enhancing soft tissue component within a fat density lesion within the mediastinum is alarming and should raise the suspicion of sarcomatous component. Along with diagnostic imaging, selective CT guided biopsy/FNAC from the enhancing soft tissue component can help in making correct diagnosis.
文摘Hydatid disease is one of the common parasitic infestations in many parts of the world with involvement of any organ inside the human body. Ocular hydatid cyst is one of such locations and is a relatively rare entity. However, with the help of MRI imaging and super added benefit of MRI Spectroscopy, the diagnosis of hydatid cyst can be reached to with great confidence, which dictates the proper line of management in such patients.
