蒙古国草地系统的健康状况关系着其畜牧业效益和国内外生态安全。衡量牲畜放牧密度并合理控制放牧密度对于维护蒙古国草地生态系统健康以及实现畜牧业的可持续发展具有重要意义。空间放牧密度梯度信息的缺失阻碍了对草地承载力相关研究...蒙古国草地系统的健康状况关系着其畜牧业效益和国内外生态安全。衡量牲畜放牧密度并合理控制放牧密度对于维护蒙古国草地生态系统健康以及实现畜牧业的可持续发展具有重要意义。空间放牧密度梯度信息的缺失阻碍了对草地承载力相关研究的推进。本研究基于2015年世界网格化牲畜数据集(gridded livestock of the world,GLW)、牧区人口密度、土壤水分、年降水、地表温度和净初级生产力(net primary productivity,NPP)等空间数据,利用谷歌地球引擎(Google Earth Engine,GEE)云平台运行随机森林回归算法,建立了蒙古国放牧密度估算模型;基于省域牲畜存栏量统计数据检验了模型的准确性,并结合不同年份预测因子数据,模拟了蒙古国2006—2020年放牧密度空间分布。为确保数据集的准确性,采用判定系数(R2)、平均绝对误差(MAE)和均方根误差(RMSE)三个误差测量指标对数据集进行校验。模拟结果显示,2006—2020年蒙古国放牧密度在空间上整体呈现北高南低的特点;2006—2010年蒙古国放牧密度扩张明显,放牧密度高于5 TLU/km^(2)区域面积占比由0.223%增加到51.390%;2010—2020年,蒙古国大部分地区放牧密度无显著变化。检验结果表明,该数据集较好地实现了蒙古国放牧密度空间化的模拟,2006、2010、2015和2020年模拟数据与蒙古国省域牲畜存栏量拟合R2分别为0.844、0.734、0.914、和0.926,均通过显著性检验,MAE分别为5.195、3.513、2.336、3.461,RMSE分别为8.135、5.257、4.200、5.909。本研究提供的蒙古国放牧密度数据集对该地区草地生态系统的可持续发展以及牧民的生计安全提供了重要信息支撑。展开更多
Drought is a worldwide natural disaster that has long affected agricultural production as well as social and economic activities. Frequent droughts have been observed in the Belt and Road area, in which much of the ag...Drought is a worldwide natural disaster that has long affected agricultural production as well as social and economic activities. Frequent droughts have been observed in the Belt and Road area, in which much of the agricultural land is concentrated in fragile ecological environment. Based on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Satellite（TRMM） 3 B43 precipitation data, we used the Precipitation Abnormity Percentage drought model to study the monthly spatio-temporal distribution of drought in south region of N50° of the Belt and Road area. It was observed that drought during winter was mainly distributed in Northeast Asia, Southeast Asia, and South Asia, while it was mainly distributed in Central Asia and West Asia during summer. The occurrence of historical droughts indicates an obvious seasonal cycle. The regional variations in drought were analyzed using the Breaks for Additive Season and Trend tool（BFAST） in six sub-regions according to the spatial distribution of six economic corridors in the Belt and Road area. The average drought conditions over the 18 years show a slight decreasing trend in Northeast Asia, West Asia, North Africa, South Asia, Central and Eastern Europe, and a slight increasing trend in Central Asia. However, it was a fluctuating pattern of first increasing and then decreasing in Southeast Asia. The results indicate that the total drought area in the Belt and Road region showed a general decreasing trend at a rate of 40,260 km^2 per year from 1998 to 2015.展开更多
According to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals(SDG 15.3),frequent sand and dust storms(SDSs)in the spring are a long-term challenge to the prevention and control of land degradation on the Mongolian pla...According to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals(SDG 15.3),frequent sand and dust storms(SDSs)in the spring are a long-term challenge to the prevention and control of land degradation on the Mongolian plateau.In this study,MODIS remote sensing data are used to monitor and analyse SDS events on the Mongolian Plateau.The annual distribution of spring SDSs(March to May)from 2000 to 2021 are obtained based on the dust storm detection index.The overall classification accuracy is 85.24%and the kappa coefficient is 0.7636.Results show a decrease in the overall frequency of SDS events,where storm events in 2000–2010 are significantly higher than those in the second decade.The cross-border regions between China and Mongolia appear to be SDS intensity centers,particularly those in southern Mongolia.Precipitation exhibits a strong negative correlation with the area affected by SDS,and the correlation coefficient is–0.72.The increase in barren and sand contributes primarily to the increase in SDS,whereas wind prevention and sand control projects undertaken by the Mongolian and Chinese governments promote regional restoration.Policies pertaining to cross-board sandstorm responses on the Mongolian Plateau are recommended.展开更多
文摘蒙古国草地系统的健康状况关系着其畜牧业效益和国内外生态安全。衡量牲畜放牧密度并合理控制放牧密度对于维护蒙古国草地生态系统健康以及实现畜牧业的可持续发展具有重要意义。空间放牧密度梯度信息的缺失阻碍了对草地承载力相关研究的推进。本研究基于2015年世界网格化牲畜数据集(gridded livestock of the world,GLW)、牧区人口密度、土壤水分、年降水、地表温度和净初级生产力(net primary productivity,NPP)等空间数据,利用谷歌地球引擎(Google Earth Engine,GEE)云平台运行随机森林回归算法,建立了蒙古国放牧密度估算模型;基于省域牲畜存栏量统计数据检验了模型的准确性,并结合不同年份预测因子数据,模拟了蒙古国2006—2020年放牧密度空间分布。为确保数据集的准确性,采用判定系数(R2)、平均绝对误差(MAE)和均方根误差(RMSE)三个误差测量指标对数据集进行校验。模拟结果显示,2006—2020年蒙古国放牧密度在空间上整体呈现北高南低的特点;2006—2010年蒙古国放牧密度扩张明显,放牧密度高于5 TLU/km^(2)区域面积占比由0.223%增加到51.390%;2010—2020年,蒙古国大部分地区放牧密度无显著变化。检验结果表明,该数据集较好地实现了蒙古国放牧密度空间化的模拟,2006、2010、2015和2020年模拟数据与蒙古国省域牲畜存栏量拟合R2分别为0.844、0.734、0.914、和0.926,均通过显著性检验,MAE分别为5.195、3.513、2.336、3.461,RMSE分别为8.135、5.257、4.200、5.909。本研究提供的蒙古国放牧密度数据集对该地区草地生态系统的可持续发展以及牧民的生计安全提供了重要信息支撑。
基金Construction Project of China Knowledge Center for Engineering Sciences and Technology(CKCEST-2017-3-1)Cultivate Project of Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Science(TSYJS03)National University of Mongolia(P2017-2396)
文摘Drought is a worldwide natural disaster that has long affected agricultural production as well as social and economic activities. Frequent droughts have been observed in the Belt and Road area, in which much of the agricultural land is concentrated in fragile ecological environment. Based on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Satellite（TRMM） 3 B43 precipitation data, we used the Precipitation Abnormity Percentage drought model to study the monthly spatio-temporal distribution of drought in south region of N50° of the Belt and Road area. It was observed that drought during winter was mainly distributed in Northeast Asia, Southeast Asia, and South Asia, while it was mainly distributed in Central Asia and West Asia during summer. The occurrence of historical droughts indicates an obvious seasonal cycle. The regional variations in drought were analyzed using the Breaks for Additive Season and Trend tool（BFAST） in six sub-regions according to the spatial distribution of six economic corridors in the Belt and Road area. The average drought conditions over the 18 years show a slight decreasing trend in Northeast Asia, West Asia, North Africa, South Asia, Central and Eastern Europe, and a slight increasing trend in Central Asia. However, it was a fluctuating pattern of first increasing and then decreasing in Southeast Asia. The results indicate that the total drought area in the Belt and Road region showed a general decreasing trend at a rate of 40,260 km^2 per year from 1998 to 2015.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFE0119200)Science&Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program of China(2022FY101902)+4 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(32161143025,41971385)Mongolian Foundation for Science and Technology(CHN2022/276)National University of Mongolia(P2023-4429)Key Project of Innovation LREIS(KPI006)Construction Project of China Engineering Technology Knowledge Center(CKCEST-2022-1-41).
文摘According to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals(SDG 15.3),frequent sand and dust storms(SDSs)in the spring are a long-term challenge to the prevention and control of land degradation on the Mongolian plateau.In this study,MODIS remote sensing data are used to monitor and analyse SDS events on the Mongolian Plateau.The annual distribution of spring SDSs(March to May)from 2000 to 2021 are obtained based on the dust storm detection index.The overall classification accuracy is 85.24%and the kappa coefficient is 0.7636.Results show a decrease in the overall frequency of SDS events,where storm events in 2000–2010 are significantly higher than those in the second decade.The cross-border regions between China and Mongolia appear to be SDS intensity centers,particularly those in southern Mongolia.Precipitation exhibits a strong negative correlation with the area affected by SDS,and the correlation coefficient is–0.72.The increase in barren and sand contributes primarily to the increase in SDS,whereas wind prevention and sand control projects undertaken by the Mongolian and Chinese governments promote regional restoration.Policies pertaining to cross-board sandstorm responses on the Mongolian Plateau are recommended.
