1.Figure 2:Repeat title-Incorrect title:(A)Density of sampling per cell.(B)Density of sampling per ecoregion.Terrestrial ecoregions classified into(1)Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma Montane Forests(A)Density of sampling per ce...1.Figure 2:Repeat title-Incorrect title:(A)Density of sampling per cell.(B)Density of sampling per ecoregion.Terrestrial ecoregions classified into(1)Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma Montane Forests(A)Density of sampling per cell.(B)Density of sampling per ecoregion.Terrestrial ecoregions classified into(1)Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma Montane Forests,(2)Eastern Himalayan Alpine Shrub And Meadows.展开更多
Myanmar is one of the most biodiverse countries in the Asia-Pacific region due to a wide range of climatic and environmental heterogeneity.Floristic diversity in Myanmar is largely unknown,resulting in a lack of compr...Myanmar is one of the most biodiverse countries in the Asia-Pacific region due to a wide range of climatic and environmental heterogeneity.Floristic diversity in Myanmar is largely unknown,resulting in a lack of comprehensive conservation plans.We developed a database of higher plants in Myanmar derived from herbarium specimens and literature sources,and analyzed patterns of diversity inventories and collection inconsistencies,aiming to provide a baseline floristic data of Myanmar and act as a guide for future research efforts.We collected 1,329,354 records of 16,218 taxa.Results show that the collection densities at the township level was variable,with 5% of townships having no floristic collections.No ecoregion had an average collection density of greater than 1 specimen/km2and the lowest collection density was found in the Kayah-Karen Montane Rainforests,which covered 8% of Myanmar’s total area.The highest sampling densities were found in Mandalay Region,Chin State,and Yangon Region.Despite floristic collections over the past three centuries,knowledge of the distribution of the vast majority of plant taxa remained limited,particularly for gymnosperms,pteridophytes,and bryophytes.More botanical surveys and further analyses are needed to better describe Myanmar’s floristic diversity.An important strategy to promote knowledge of the biodiversity patterns in Myanmar is to improve the collection and digitalization of specimens and to strengthen cooperation among countries.展开更多
The soybean pod borer,Leguminivora glycinivorella(Matsumura),is an important tortricid pest species widely distributed in most parts of China and its adjacent regions.Here,we analyzed the genetic diversity and populat...The soybean pod borer,Leguminivora glycinivorella(Matsumura),is an important tortricid pest species widely distributed in most parts of China and its adjacent regions.Here,we analyzed the genetic diversity and population differentiation of L.glycinivorella using diverse genetic information including the standard cox1 barcode sequences,mitochondrial genomes(mitogenomes),and single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)from genotypingby-sequencing.Based on a comprehensive sampling(including adults or larvae of L.glycinivorella newly collected at 22 of the total 30 localities examined)that covers most of the known distribution range of this pest,analyses of 543 cox1 barcode sequences and 60 mitogenomes revealed that the traditionally recognized and widely distributed L.glycinivorella contains two sympatric and widely distributed genetic lineages(A and B)that were estimated to have diverged~1.14 million years ago during the middle Pleistocene.Moreover,low but statistically significant correlations were recognized between genetic differentiation and geographic or environmental distances,indicating the existence of local adaptation to some extent.Based on SNPs,phylogenetic inference,principal component analysis,fixation index,and admixture analysis all confirm the two divergent sympatric lineages.Compared with the stable demographic history of Lineage B,the expansion of Lineage A had possibly made the secondary contact of the two lineages probable,and this process may be driven by the climate fluctuation during the late Pleistocene as revealed by ecological niche modeling.展开更多
In the comparison with SARS-CoVof 2003,SARS-CoV-2 is extremely well adapted to the human populations and its adaptive shift from the animal host to humans must have been even more extensive.By the blind watchmaker arg...In the comparison with SARS-CoVof 2003,SARS-CoV-2 is extremely well adapted to the human populations and its adaptive shift from the animal host to humans must have been even more extensive.By the blind watchmaker argument,such an adaptive shift can only happen prior to the onset of the current pandemic and with the aid of step-by-step selection.展开更多
Global biodiversity is currently in the midst of the sixth mass extinction,and countless species and their key ecosystem services are threatened across different habitats(Vos et al.2015).Constructive actions to addres...Global biodiversity is currently in the midst of the sixth mass extinction,and countless species and their key ecosystem services are threatened across different habitats(Vos et al.2015).Constructive actions to address the negative impacts of changing conditions require rigorous biodiversity data integration and synthesis to inform effective policy-making decisions(Heberling et al.2021).Care is needed to ensure objectivity and remove biases in analyses to avoid generating misleading conclusions.Recently,Ramírez-Fráncel et al.(2022)published a review offering an update on the vital ecosystem services of bats on a global scale.We applaud the authors for their attempt to conduct an extremely challenging large-scale analysis in major areas of bat ecosystem services.展开更多
文摘1.Figure 2:Repeat title-Incorrect title:(A)Density of sampling per cell.(B)Density of sampling per ecoregion.Terrestrial ecoregions classified into(1)Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma Montane Forests(A)Density of sampling per cell.(B)Density of sampling per ecoregion.Terrestrial ecoregions classified into(1)Chin Hills-Arakan Yoma Montane Forests,(2)Eastern Himalayan Alpine Shrub And Meadows.
基金supported the Professional Association of the Alliance of International Science Organizations (grant number ANSO-PA-2020-10)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,China (grant number XDA19050404)
文摘Myanmar is one of the most biodiverse countries in the Asia-Pacific region due to a wide range of climatic and environmental heterogeneity.Floristic diversity in Myanmar is largely unknown,resulting in a lack of comprehensive conservation plans.We developed a database of higher plants in Myanmar derived from herbarium specimens and literature sources,and analyzed patterns of diversity inventories and collection inconsistencies,aiming to provide a baseline floristic data of Myanmar and act as a guide for future research efforts.We collected 1,329,354 records of 16,218 taxa.Results show that the collection densities at the township level was variable,with 5% of townships having no floristic collections.No ecoregion had an average collection density of greater than 1 specimen/km2and the lowest collection density was found in the Kayah-Karen Montane Rainforests,which covered 8% of Myanmar’s total area.The highest sampling densities were found in Mandalay Region,Chin State,and Yangon Region.Despite floristic collections over the past three centuries,knowledge of the distribution of the vast majority of plant taxa remained limited,particularly for gymnosperms,pteridophytes,and bryophytes.More botanical surveys and further analyses are needed to better describe Myanmar’s floristic diversity.An important strategy to promote knowledge of the biodiversity patterns in Myanmar is to improve the collection and digitalization of specimens and to strengthen cooperation among countries.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(31702046 and 32170421)the BeijingMunicipal Natural Science Foundation(5232001)+1 种基金the Support Project of High-level Teachers in Beijing Municipal Universities in the Period of 14th Five-year Plan(BPHR20220114)the Young Backbone Teacher Guiding Foundation in Colleges and Universities in Henan Province(2020GGJS211).
文摘The soybean pod borer,Leguminivora glycinivorella(Matsumura),is an important tortricid pest species widely distributed in most parts of China and its adjacent regions.Here,we analyzed the genetic diversity and population differentiation of L.glycinivorella using diverse genetic information including the standard cox1 barcode sequences,mitochondrial genomes(mitogenomes),and single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)from genotypingby-sequencing.Based on a comprehensive sampling(including adults or larvae of L.glycinivorella newly collected at 22 of the total 30 localities examined)that covers most of the known distribution range of this pest,analyses of 543 cox1 barcode sequences and 60 mitogenomes revealed that the traditionally recognized and widely distributed L.glycinivorella contains two sympatric and widely distributed genetic lineages(A and B)that were estimated to have diverged~1.14 million years ago during the middle Pleistocene.Moreover,low but statistically significant correlations were recognized between genetic differentiation and geographic or environmental distances,indicating the existence of local adaptation to some extent.Based on SNPs,phylogenetic inference,principal component analysis,fixation index,and admixture analysis all confirm the two divergent sympatric lineages.Compared with the stable demographic history of Lineage B,the expansion of Lineage A had possibly made the secondary contact of the two lineages probable,and this process may be driven by the climate fluctuation during the late Pleistocene as revealed by ecological niche modeling.
文摘In the comparison with SARS-CoVof 2003,SARS-CoV-2 is extremely well adapted to the human populations and its adaptive shift from the animal host to humans must have been even more extensive.By the blind watchmaker argument,such an adaptive shift can only happen prior to the onset of the current pandemic and with the aid of step-by-step selection.
文摘Global biodiversity is currently in the midst of the sixth mass extinction,and countless species and their key ecosystem services are threatened across different habitats(Vos et al.2015).Constructive actions to address the negative impacts of changing conditions require rigorous biodiversity data integration and synthesis to inform effective policy-making decisions(Heberling et al.2021).Care is needed to ensure objectivity and remove biases in analyses to avoid generating misleading conclusions.Recently,Ramírez-Fráncel et al.(2022)published a review offering an update on the vital ecosystem services of bats on a global scale.We applaud the authors for their attempt to conduct an extremely challenging large-scale analysis in major areas of bat ecosystem services.
