Background: Increasing numbers of octogenarians and improvements in surgical techniques and postoperative care have resulted in increasing cardiac operations in this age. The aim is to analyze our experience of cardia...Background: Increasing numbers of octogenarians and improvements in surgical techniques and postoperative care have resulted in increasing cardiac operations in this age. The aim is to analyze our experience of cardiac surgery on octogenarians and beyond concerning postoperative morbidities and mortality. Methods: 67 octogenarians and nonagenarians underwent open heart surgery in our hospital between 2001 to 2009 were retrospectively reviewed. Data included baseline preoperative status, intraoperative and perioperative course, and immediate outcomes. Results: The mean age was 86.22 ± 6.1 years. 86.6% patients were males. Symptoms were dyspnea;Class II in 13.4%, Class III in 55.2%, Class IV in 31.4% patients;angina in 82.1%, and CHF in 25.4% patients. The mean EF was 37.8% ± 10. Risk factors include smoking in 52.2%, DM in 37.3%, hypertension in 28.4%, obesity in 25.4%, previous MI in 22.4%, COPD in 17.9%, renal insufficiency in 11.9%, pulmonary hypertension in 7.5%, PVD in 6%, and cerebrovascular disease in 3% patients. The procedures were isolated CABG in 73%, AVR in 9%, MVR in 6%, CABG/valve in 9%, and MVR and AVR in 3% patients. Complications were 18%. It included renal impairment in 18%, arrhythmias in 14.9%, bleeding in 6%, prolonged ventilation in 13.4%, CHF in 4.5%, gastrointestinal bleeding in 4.5%, wound infection in 7.5%, and cerebrovascular accident in 3%. Hospital mortality was 9% patients. Conclusions: Cardiac surgery can be performed safely with acceptable hospital morbidity and mortality in octogenarians and beyond. Early referral and proper selection of patients are mandatory to improve immediate postoperative survival.展开更多
Continuous live weight and carcass traits estimation are important for the pig production and breeding industry.It is widely known that top-view images of a pig’s body(excluding its head and neck)reveal surface dimen...Continuous live weight and carcass traits estimation are important for the pig production and breeding industry.It is widely known that top-view images of a pig’s body(excluding its head and neck)reveal surface dimension parameters,which are correlated with live weight and carcass traits.However,because a pig is not constrained when an image is captured,the body does not always have a straight posture.This creates a big challenge when extracting the body surface dimension parameters,and consequently the live weight and carcass traits estimation has a high level of uncertainty.The primary goal of this study is to propose an algorithm to automatically extract pig body surface dimension parameters,with a better accuracy,from top-view pig images.Firstly,the backbone line of a pig was extracted.Secondly,lengths of line segments perpendicular to the backbone line were calculated,and then feature points on the pig’s contour line were extracted based on the lengths variation of the perpendicular line segments.Thirdly,the head and neck of the pig were removed from the pig’s contour by an ellipse.Finally,four length and one area parameters were calculated.The proposed algorithm was implemented in Matlab®(R2012b)and applied to 126 depth images of pigs.Taking the results of the manual labeling tool as the gold standard,the length and area parameters could be obtained by the proposed algorithm with an accuracy of 97.71%(SE=1.64%)and 97.06%(SE=1.82%),respectively.These parameters can be used to improve pig live weight and carcass traits estimation accuracy in the future work.展开更多
文摘Background: Increasing numbers of octogenarians and improvements in surgical techniques and postoperative care have resulted in increasing cardiac operations in this age. The aim is to analyze our experience of cardiac surgery on octogenarians and beyond concerning postoperative morbidities and mortality. Methods: 67 octogenarians and nonagenarians underwent open heart surgery in our hospital between 2001 to 2009 were retrospectively reviewed. Data included baseline preoperative status, intraoperative and perioperative course, and immediate outcomes. Results: The mean age was 86.22 ± 6.1 years. 86.6% patients were males. Symptoms were dyspnea;Class II in 13.4%, Class III in 55.2%, Class IV in 31.4% patients;angina in 82.1%, and CHF in 25.4% patients. The mean EF was 37.8% ± 10. Risk factors include smoking in 52.2%, DM in 37.3%, hypertension in 28.4%, obesity in 25.4%, previous MI in 22.4%, COPD in 17.9%, renal insufficiency in 11.9%, pulmonary hypertension in 7.5%, PVD in 6%, and cerebrovascular disease in 3% patients. The procedures were isolated CABG in 73%, AVR in 9%, MVR in 6%, CABG/valve in 9%, and MVR and AVR in 3% patients. Complications were 18%. It included renal impairment in 18%, arrhythmias in 14.9%, bleeding in 6%, prolonged ventilation in 13.4%, CHF in 4.5%, gastrointestinal bleeding in 4.5%, wound infection in 7.5%, and cerebrovascular accident in 3%. Hospital mortality was 9% patients. Conclusions: Cardiac surgery can be performed safely with acceptable hospital morbidity and mortality in octogenarians and beyond. Early referral and proper selection of patients are mandatory to improve immediate postoperative survival.
基金This work was enclosed in the Flemish IWT funded project“Sustainable precision feeding”(Grant No.AIC-221.42.D.02),in collaboration with Agrifirm Innovation Center and Fancom.This work was also supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Grant No.KYZ201561)the Joint Innovation Fund of Production,Learning,and Research-Prospective Joint Research Project,Jiangsu,China(Grant No.BY2015071-06)the fund of China Scholarship Council(Grant No.201506855017).
文摘Continuous live weight and carcass traits estimation are important for the pig production and breeding industry.It is widely known that top-view images of a pig’s body(excluding its head and neck)reveal surface dimension parameters,which are correlated with live weight and carcass traits.However,because a pig is not constrained when an image is captured,the body does not always have a straight posture.This creates a big challenge when extracting the body surface dimension parameters,and consequently the live weight and carcass traits estimation has a high level of uncertainty.The primary goal of this study is to propose an algorithm to automatically extract pig body surface dimension parameters,with a better accuracy,from top-view pig images.Firstly,the backbone line of a pig was extracted.Secondly,lengths of line segments perpendicular to the backbone line were calculated,and then feature points on the pig’s contour line were extracted based on the lengths variation of the perpendicular line segments.Thirdly,the head and neck of the pig were removed from the pig’s contour by an ellipse.Finally,four length and one area parameters were calculated.The proposed algorithm was implemented in Matlab®(R2012b)and applied to 126 depth images of pigs.Taking the results of the manual labeling tool as the gold standard,the length and area parameters could be obtained by the proposed algorithm with an accuracy of 97.71%(SE=1.64%)and 97.06%(SE=1.82%),respectively.These parameters can be used to improve pig live weight and carcass traits estimation accuracy in the future work.
