This paper represents the synthesis, spectral analysis and in-vitro cytotoxic studies of some novel fatty acid anti-cancer conjugates of 2, 6-diisopropylphenol (propofol). Propofol is a potent intravenous hypnotic age...This paper represents the synthesis, spectral analysis and in-vitro cytotoxic studies of some novel fatty acid anti-cancer conjugates of 2, 6-diisopropylphenol (propofol). Propofol is a potent intravenous hypnotic agent which is widely used for the induction and maintenance of anesthesia and for sedation in the intensive care unit. Propofol also possess anti-cancer properties in addition to its sedative effects. Cytotoxicity of all the synthesized compounds was examined against human HeLa cancer cell lines. The anti-cancer screening of these novel drug candidates suggest that all of them reported here may be useful for the treatment of cancer as all of them exhibited significant anticancer activity against human HeLa cancer cell lines. The results indicate that these novel drug candidates might represent a new class of anticancer agents.展开更多
Objective To test the feasibility of training clinic and facility based providers from the Health and Population Welfare Departments. Methods District Sargodha in Punjab province in Pakistan was selected for carrying ...Objective To test the feasibility of training clinic and facility based providers from the Health and Population Welfare Departments. Methods District Sargodha in Punjab province in Pakistan was selected for carrying out the project as it fulfilled the criteria of being a median district with generally similar characteristics as the rest of the country. A quasi-experimental design was used to test the effectiveness of the training programs. Two rounds of situation analyses were carried out both pre and post intervention. Results There was a positive attitudinal change in providers in the intervention areas as compared with the control sites. From a list of indicators it was seen that clinic based static providers considered it important to enquire who were the main decision makers were in the family, 60% in intervention versus 49 % in control, and if the client can persuade other members of the family to assist in solving her reproductive health needs, 19% in intervention and 3% in control. In case of community based providers, as compared with 16% in the control site, 76% in the intervention area considered seeking permission for examination to be important. They also felt that enquiring about the welfare of other family members was also necessary, 50% in intervention and 34% in control. Conclusion Training of providers could lead to attitudinal and behavioural changes that can help clients meet their reproductive health needs, and the intervention is feasible and replicable.展开更多
The influence of dose variation due to heterogeneities in narrow photon beams used in stereotactic radiosurgery has been investigated. Since the lateral electronic disequilibrium and existence of steep dose gradients ...The influence of dose variation due to heterogeneities in narrow photon beams used in stereotactic radiosurgery has been investigated. Since the lateral electronic disequilibrium and existence of steep dose gradients in small fields and the presence of heterogeneities can intensify these problems, in this study the effects of heterogeneities on 6 MV small photon beams produced by circular cone collimators with 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 mm diameters are investigated. The heterogeneities include 3 cm Cork with density of 0.2 g/cm3 instead of lung and 3 cm Polytetrafluoroethylene (P.T.F.E) with density of 2.2 g/cm3 as bone. The measurements were carried out with EBT2 gafchromic and EDR2 radiographic films. Simulation was done by MCNP Monte Carlo Code (MCNP5). The depth dose curves in heterogeneous phantom were compared with homogeneous phantom. A good agreement was obtained within film and Monte Carlo calculations in presence of low density heterogeneity and also in the presence of high density heterogeneity. Monte Carlo results showed good agreement after stopping power correction.展开更多
文摘This paper represents the synthesis, spectral analysis and in-vitro cytotoxic studies of some novel fatty acid anti-cancer conjugates of 2, 6-diisopropylphenol (propofol). Propofol is a potent intravenous hypnotic agent which is widely used for the induction and maintenance of anesthesia and for sedation in the intensive care unit. Propofol also possess anti-cancer properties in addition to its sedative effects. Cytotoxicity of all the synthesized compounds was examined against human HeLa cancer cell lines. The anti-cancer screening of these novel drug candidates suggest that all of them reported here may be useful for the treatment of cancer as all of them exhibited significant anticancer activity against human HeLa cancer cell lines. The results indicate that these novel drug candidates might represent a new class of anticancer agents.
基金This project was supported by reckefeller Foundation and Population Couneil.
文摘Objective To test the feasibility of training clinic and facility based providers from the Health and Population Welfare Departments. Methods District Sargodha in Punjab province in Pakistan was selected for carrying out the project as it fulfilled the criteria of being a median district with generally similar characteristics as the rest of the country. A quasi-experimental design was used to test the effectiveness of the training programs. Two rounds of situation analyses were carried out both pre and post intervention. Results There was a positive attitudinal change in providers in the intervention areas as compared with the control sites. From a list of indicators it was seen that clinic based static providers considered it important to enquire who were the main decision makers were in the family, 60% in intervention versus 49 % in control, and if the client can persuade other members of the family to assist in solving her reproductive health needs, 19% in intervention and 3% in control. In case of community based providers, as compared with 16% in the control site, 76% in the intervention area considered seeking permission for examination to be important. They also felt that enquiring about the welfare of other family members was also necessary, 50% in intervention and 34% in control. Conclusion Training of providers could lead to attitudinal and behavioural changes that can help clients meet their reproductive health needs, and the intervention is feasible and replicable.
文摘The influence of dose variation due to heterogeneities in narrow photon beams used in stereotactic radiosurgery has been investigated. Since the lateral electronic disequilibrium and existence of steep dose gradients in small fields and the presence of heterogeneities can intensify these problems, in this study the effects of heterogeneities on 6 MV small photon beams produced by circular cone collimators with 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 mm diameters are investigated. The heterogeneities include 3 cm Cork with density of 0.2 g/cm3 instead of lung and 3 cm Polytetrafluoroethylene (P.T.F.E) with density of 2.2 g/cm3 as bone. The measurements were carried out with EBT2 gafchromic and EDR2 radiographic films. Simulation was done by MCNP Monte Carlo Code (MCNP5). The depth dose curves in heterogeneous phantom were compared with homogeneous phantom. A good agreement was obtained within film and Monte Carlo calculations in presence of low density heterogeneity and also in the presence of high density heterogeneity. Monte Carlo results showed good agreement after stopping power correction.
