Rechargeable aqueous zinc(Zn)-metal batteries hold great promise for next-generation energy storage systems.However,their practical application is hindered by several challenges,including dendrite formation,corrosion,...Rechargeable aqueous zinc(Zn)-metal batteries hold great promise for next-generation energy storage systems.However,their practical application is hindered by several challenges,including dendrite formation,corrosion,and the competing hydrogen evolution reaction.To address these issues,we designed and fabricated a composite protective layer for Zn anodes by integrating carbon nanotubes(CNTs)with chitosan through a simple and scalable scraping process.The CNTs ensure uniform electric field distribution due to their high electrical conductivity,while protonated chitosan regulates ion transport and suppresses dendrite formation at the anode interface.The chitosan/CNTs composite layer also facilitates smooth Zn^(2+)deposition,enhancing the stability and reversibility of the Zn anode.As a result,the chitosan/CNTs@Zn anode demonstrates exceptional cycling stability,achieving over 3000 h of plating/stripping with minimal degradation.When paired with a V_(2)O_(5)cathode,the composite-protected anode significantly improves the cycle stability and energy density of the full cell.Techno-economic analysis confirms that batteries incorporating the chitosan/CNTs protective layer outperform those with bare Zn anodes in terms of energy density and overall performance under optimized conditions.This work provides a scalable and sustainable strategy to overcome the critical challenges of aqueous Zn-metal batteries,paving the way for their practical application in next-generation energy storage systems.展开更多
The high demand for critical minerals such as lithium,copper,nickel,and cobalt,required for lithium-ion batteries,has raised questions regarding the feasibility of maintaining a steady and affordable supply of raw mat...The high demand for critical minerals such as lithium,copper,nickel,and cobalt,required for lithium-ion batteries,has raised questions regarding the feasibility of maintaining a steady and affordable supply of raw materials for their production.In the last years,researchers have shifted their attention toward organic materials,which are potentially more widely available,affordable,and sustainable due to the ubiquitous presence of the constituent organic elements.The n-type materials have a redox mechanism analogous to that of lithium-ion cathodes and anodes,hence they are suitable for a meaningful comparison with the state-of-the-art technology.While many reviews have evaluated the properties of organic materials at the material or electrode level,herein,the properties of n-type organic materials are assessed in a complex system,such as a full battery,to evaluate the feasibility and performance of these materials in commercial-scale battery systems.The most relevant cathode materials for organic batteries are reviewed,and a detailed cost and performance analysis of n-type material-based battery packs using the BatPaC 5.0 software is presented.The analysis considers the influence of electrode design choices,such as the conductive carbon content,active material mass loading,and electrode density,on energy density and cost.The potential of n-type organic materials as a low-cost and sustainable solution for energy storage applications is highlighted,while emphasizing the need for further advancements of organic materials for energy storage applications.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22279139,62227815,22465026,22469015)the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1504500)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(2024JQ06,2022MS2010,2024MS05005)Inner Mongolia University Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project(11200-5223737)。
文摘Rechargeable aqueous zinc(Zn)-metal batteries hold great promise for next-generation energy storage systems.However,their practical application is hindered by several challenges,including dendrite formation,corrosion,and the competing hydrogen evolution reaction.To address these issues,we designed and fabricated a composite protective layer for Zn anodes by integrating carbon nanotubes(CNTs)with chitosan through a simple and scalable scraping process.The CNTs ensure uniform electric field distribution due to their high electrical conductivity,while protonated chitosan regulates ion transport and suppresses dendrite formation at the anode interface.The chitosan/CNTs composite layer also facilitates smooth Zn^(2+)deposition,enhancing the stability and reversibility of the Zn anode.As a result,the chitosan/CNTs@Zn anode demonstrates exceptional cycling stability,achieving over 3000 h of plating/stripping with minimal degradation.When paired with a V_(2)O_(5)cathode,the composite-protected anode significantly improves the cycle stability and energy density of the full cell.Techno-economic analysis confirms that batteries incorporating the chitosan/CNTs protective layer outperform those with bare Zn anodes in terms of energy density and overall performance under optimized conditions.This work provides a scalable and sustainable strategy to overcome the critical challenges of aqueous Zn-metal batteries,paving the way for their practical application in next-generation energy storage systems.
基金Helmholtz-GemeinschaftEuropean Commission,Grant/Award Number:860403Hong Kong Quantum AI Lab Limited,AIR@InnoHK。
文摘The high demand for critical minerals such as lithium,copper,nickel,and cobalt,required for lithium-ion batteries,has raised questions regarding the feasibility of maintaining a steady and affordable supply of raw materials for their production.In the last years,researchers have shifted their attention toward organic materials,which are potentially more widely available,affordable,and sustainable due to the ubiquitous presence of the constituent organic elements.The n-type materials have a redox mechanism analogous to that of lithium-ion cathodes and anodes,hence they are suitable for a meaningful comparison with the state-of-the-art technology.While many reviews have evaluated the properties of organic materials at the material or electrode level,herein,the properties of n-type organic materials are assessed in a complex system,such as a full battery,to evaluate the feasibility and performance of these materials in commercial-scale battery systems.The most relevant cathode materials for organic batteries are reviewed,and a detailed cost and performance analysis of n-type material-based battery packs using the BatPaC 5.0 software is presented.The analysis considers the influence of electrode design choices,such as the conductive carbon content,active material mass loading,and electrode density,on energy density and cost.The potential of n-type organic materials as a low-cost and sustainable solution for energy storage applications is highlighted,while emphasizing the need for further advancements of organic materials for energy storage applications.
