Indicaxanthin is a betalain that is abundant in Opuntia ficus-indica orange fruit and has antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Nevertheless, very little is known about the neuroprotective potential of indicaxa...Indicaxanthin is a betalain that is abundant in Opuntia ficus-indica orange fruit and has antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Nevertheless, very little is known about the neuroprotective potential of indicaxanthin. This study investigated the impact of indicaxanthin on neuronal damage and gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by a high-fat diet in mice. The mice were divided into three groups according to different diets: the negative control group was fed a standard diet;the high-fat diet group was fed a high-fat diet;and the high-fat diet + indicaxanthin group was fed a high-fat diet and received indicaxanthin orally(0.86 mg/kg per day) for 4 weeks. Brain apoptosis, redox status, inflammation, and the gut microbiota composition were compared among the different animal groups. The results demonstrated that indicaxanthin treatment reduced neuronal apoptosis by downregulating the expression of proapoptotic genes and increasing the expression of antiapoptotic genes. Indicaxanthin also markedly decreased the expression of neuroinflammatory proteins and genes and inhibited high-fat diet–induced neuronal oxidative stress by reducing reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide levels. In addition, indicaxanthin treatment improved the microflora composition by increasing the abundance of healthy bacterial genera, known as producers of short-chain fatty acids(Lachnospiraceae, Alloprovetella, and Lactobacillus), and by reducing bacteria related to unhealthy profiles(Blautia, Faecalibaculum, Romboutsia and Bilophila). In conclusion, indicaxanthin has a positive effect on high-fat diet–induced neuronal damage and on the gut microbiota composition in obese mice.展开更多
The potential of a plant sterol food supplement(PS-FS)in addressing intestinal inflammation in vivo and in vitro was evaluated.As in vivo model,C57BL/6J mice were exposed to1.5%dextran sulfate sodium in three 5-day pe...The potential of a plant sterol food supplement(PS-FS)in addressing intestinal inflammation in vivo and in vitro was evaluated.As in vivo model,C57BL/6J mice were exposed to1.5%dextran sulfate sodium in three 5-day periods,with 10-day rest intervals in between,daily reciving PS-FS(35 mg PS/kg body weight).The in vitro approach involved a bi-cameral system with 8-day-differentiated Caco-2(apical)and RAW264.7 cells(basolateral).The bioaccessible fraction of PS-FS,obtained after INFOGEST 2.0 simulated gastrointestinal digestion,was added to the apical part(90 min),followed by stimulation with lipopolysaccharide(1μg/mL,24 h).PS-FS alleviated rectal bleeding and rebalanced pro-(tumor necrosis factorα,interleukin(IL)-6,and IL-8)and anti-inflammatory cytokines(IL-10).Additionally,PS-FS ameliorated histopathological damage and enhancing occludin expression.A reduction in oxidative stress was evidenced by decreased myeloperoxidase activity and reactive oxygen species production.The anti-inflammatory mechanism included suppressing cyclooxygenase 2 expression,reducing prostaglandin E_(2) production,and inhibiting the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of the nuclear factor kB p65 subunit.This study reveals the potential of PS-FS as a therapeutic intervention for colitis.The alignment between in vivo and in vitro outcomes substantiates the appropriateness of the co-culture model to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of foods.展开更多
基金funding from the European Union -NextGenerationEU through the Italian Ministry of University and Research under PRIN PNRR REG D.R.1718-2022– Project number PRJ-1575 INDICA。
文摘Indicaxanthin is a betalain that is abundant in Opuntia ficus-indica orange fruit and has antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Nevertheless, very little is known about the neuroprotective potential of indicaxanthin. This study investigated the impact of indicaxanthin on neuronal damage and gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by a high-fat diet in mice. The mice were divided into three groups according to different diets: the negative control group was fed a standard diet;the high-fat diet group was fed a high-fat diet;and the high-fat diet + indicaxanthin group was fed a high-fat diet and received indicaxanthin orally(0.86 mg/kg per day) for 4 weeks. Brain apoptosis, redox status, inflammation, and the gut microbiota composition were compared among the different animal groups. The results demonstrated that indicaxanthin treatment reduced neuronal apoptosis by downregulating the expression of proapoptotic genes and increasing the expression of antiapoptotic genes. Indicaxanthin also markedly decreased the expression of neuroinflammatory proteins and genes and inhibited high-fat diet–induced neuronal oxidative stress by reducing reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide levels. In addition, indicaxanthin treatment improved the microflora composition by increasing the abundance of healthy bacterial genera, known as producers of short-chain fatty acids(Lachnospiraceae, Alloprovetella, and Lactobacillus), and by reducing bacteria related to unhealthy profiles(Blautia, Faecalibaculum, Romboutsia and Bilophila). In conclusion, indicaxanthin has a positive effect on high-fat diet–induced neuronal damage and on the gut microbiota composition in obese mice.
基金the Generalitat Valenciana,Spain(protocol code 2022/VSC/PEA/0256,date November 10,2022).
文摘The potential of a plant sterol food supplement(PS-FS)in addressing intestinal inflammation in vivo and in vitro was evaluated.As in vivo model,C57BL/6J mice were exposed to1.5%dextran sulfate sodium in three 5-day periods,with 10-day rest intervals in between,daily reciving PS-FS(35 mg PS/kg body weight).The in vitro approach involved a bi-cameral system with 8-day-differentiated Caco-2(apical)and RAW264.7 cells(basolateral).The bioaccessible fraction of PS-FS,obtained after INFOGEST 2.0 simulated gastrointestinal digestion,was added to the apical part(90 min),followed by stimulation with lipopolysaccharide(1μg/mL,24 h).PS-FS alleviated rectal bleeding and rebalanced pro-(tumor necrosis factorα,interleukin(IL)-6,and IL-8)and anti-inflammatory cytokines(IL-10).Additionally,PS-FS ameliorated histopathological damage and enhancing occludin expression.A reduction in oxidative stress was evidenced by decreased myeloperoxidase activity and reactive oxygen species production.The anti-inflammatory mechanism included suppressing cyclooxygenase 2 expression,reducing prostaglandin E_(2) production,and inhibiting the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of the nuclear factor kB p65 subunit.This study reveals the potential of PS-FS as a therapeutic intervention for colitis.The alignment between in vivo and in vitro outcomes substantiates the appropriateness of the co-culture model to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of foods.
