Cancer is one of the most complex diseases and the second leading cause of mortality worldwide.Due to its poor prognosis and challenges in diagnosis,eradicating cancer remains highly difficult.The limitations associat...Cancer is one of the most complex diseases and the second leading cause of mortality worldwide.Due to its poor prognosis and challenges in diagnosis,eradicating cancer remains highly difficult.The limitations associated with conventional therapies have led to the emergence of copious therapeutic strategies such as chemotherapy,phototherapy,starvation therapy,radiotherapy and immunotherapy;however,limited therapeutic efficacy,poor tumor cell selectivity and substantial adverse effects remain significant concern.Attributed to the expeditious advancement of nanotechnology,the amalgamation of nanomaterials with therapeutic approaches provides an opportunity to address the shortcomings of conventional chemotherapy.Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),which consist of bridging ligands and ions/clusters connected by coordination bonds,have been widely used in cancer therapy to address the limitations of currently therapeutic interventions,such as poor efficacy,low stability and severe side effects.This potential arises from their tuneable porosities,high specific surface area-to-volume ratio,tailorable diameters,tractable morphologies,variegated compositions,biocompatibility and facile functionalization.We summarized the role of MOF-based nanoplatforms along with mechanistic insights into emerging avenues-such as cuproptosis,ferroptosis,cell-penetrating and biomimetic MOFs,and tumor microenvironment-responsive MOFs-alongside recent advancements in mono-and multifunctional cancer therapeutics.Theragnostic and imaging functionalities,as well as regulatory considerations and future prospects of MOF-based nanoplatforms utilized in cancer treatment,are also discussed.展开更多
Cellular hitchhiking is an emerging therapeutic strategy that uses an endogenous cell migration mechanism to deliver therapeutics to specific sites in the body.Owing to the low permeability and presence of the blood-b...Cellular hitchhiking is an emerging therapeutic strategy that uses an endogenous cell migration mechanism to deliver therapeutics to specific sites in the body.Owing to the low permeability and presence of the blood-brain barrier(BBB),the targeted delivery of therapeutics is limited,leading to inadequate localization in the brain.NCs fail to extravasate significantly into the tumor microenvironment(TME),demonstrating poor accumulation and tumor penetration.The novel cellular hitchhiking concept has been utilized to promote systemic half-life and therapeutic targeting.Neoplastic and neuroinflammatory diseases of the brain,including glioblastoma and neuroinflammation,face critical hurdles for efficiently delivering therapeutic entities owing to the BBB.Cellular hitchhiking can surmount these hurdles by utilizing various cell populations,such as stem cells,monocytes/macrophages,neutrophils,and platelets,as potential functional carriers to deliver the therapeutic cargo through the BBB.These carrier cells have the innate capability to traverse the BBB,transit through the brain parenchyma,and specifically reach disease sites such as inflammatory and neoplastic lesions owing to chemotactic navigation,i.e.,movement attributed to chemical stimuli.Chemotherapeutic drugs delivered by cellular hitchhiking to achieve tumor-specific targeting have been discussed.This article explores various cell types for hitchhiking NCs to the TME with indepth mechanisms and characterization techniques to decipher the backpack dissociation dynamics(nanoparticle payload detachment characteristics from hitchhiked cells)and challenges toward prospective clinical translation.展开更多
基金funding support by the Department of Pharmaceuticals(DoP),Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers,Govt.of India to“Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab”(PITRL),National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research(NIPER),Hyderabad,INDIA.
文摘Cancer is one of the most complex diseases and the second leading cause of mortality worldwide.Due to its poor prognosis and challenges in diagnosis,eradicating cancer remains highly difficult.The limitations associated with conventional therapies have led to the emergence of copious therapeutic strategies such as chemotherapy,phototherapy,starvation therapy,radiotherapy and immunotherapy;however,limited therapeutic efficacy,poor tumor cell selectivity and substantial adverse effects remain significant concern.Attributed to the expeditious advancement of nanotechnology,the amalgamation of nanomaterials with therapeutic approaches provides an opportunity to address the shortcomings of conventional chemotherapy.Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),which consist of bridging ligands and ions/clusters connected by coordination bonds,have been widely used in cancer therapy to address the limitations of currently therapeutic interventions,such as poor efficacy,low stability and severe side effects.This potential arises from their tuneable porosities,high specific surface area-to-volume ratio,tailorable diameters,tractable morphologies,variegated compositions,biocompatibility and facile functionalization.We summarized the role of MOF-based nanoplatforms along with mechanistic insights into emerging avenues-such as cuproptosis,ferroptosis,cell-penetrating and biomimetic MOFs,and tumor microenvironment-responsive MOFs-alongside recent advancements in mono-and multifunctional cancer therapeutics.Theragnostic and imaging functionalities,as well as regulatory considerations and future prospects of MOF-based nanoplatforms utilized in cancer treatment,are also discussed.
基金the research funding support by the Department of Pharmaceuticals(DoP),Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers,Govt.of India to“Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab”(PITRL),Department of Pharmaceutics,National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research(NIPER)Hyderabad,INDIA.
文摘Cellular hitchhiking is an emerging therapeutic strategy that uses an endogenous cell migration mechanism to deliver therapeutics to specific sites in the body.Owing to the low permeability and presence of the blood-brain barrier(BBB),the targeted delivery of therapeutics is limited,leading to inadequate localization in the brain.NCs fail to extravasate significantly into the tumor microenvironment(TME),demonstrating poor accumulation and tumor penetration.The novel cellular hitchhiking concept has been utilized to promote systemic half-life and therapeutic targeting.Neoplastic and neuroinflammatory diseases of the brain,including glioblastoma and neuroinflammation,face critical hurdles for efficiently delivering therapeutic entities owing to the BBB.Cellular hitchhiking can surmount these hurdles by utilizing various cell populations,such as stem cells,monocytes/macrophages,neutrophils,and platelets,as potential functional carriers to deliver the therapeutic cargo through the BBB.These carrier cells have the innate capability to traverse the BBB,transit through the brain parenchyma,and specifically reach disease sites such as inflammatory and neoplastic lesions owing to chemotactic navigation,i.e.,movement attributed to chemical stimuli.Chemotherapeutic drugs delivered by cellular hitchhiking to achieve tumor-specific targeting have been discussed.This article explores various cell types for hitchhiking NCs to the TME with indepth mechanisms and characterization techniques to decipher the backpack dissociation dynamics(nanoparticle payload detachment characteristics from hitchhiked cells)and challenges toward prospective clinical translation.
