Alcoholism is a major health problem in the United States and worldwide,and alcohol remains the single most significant cause of liver-related diseases and deaths.Alcohol is known to influence nutritional status at ma...Alcoholism is a major health problem in the United States and worldwide,and alcohol remains the single most significant cause of liver-related diseases and deaths.Alcohol is known to influence nutritional status at many levels including nutrient intake,absorption,utilization,and excretion,and can lead to many nutritional disturbances and deficiencies.Nutrients can dramatically affect gene expression and alcohol-induced nutrient imbalance may be a major contributor to pathogenic gene expression in alcohol-induced liver disease(ALD).There is growing interest regarding epigenetic changes,including histone modifications that regulate gene expression during disease pathogenesis.Notably,modifications of core histones in the nucleosome regulate chromatin structure and DNA methylation,and control gene transcription.This review highlights the role of nutrient disturbances brought about during alcohol metabolism and their impact on epigenetic histone modifications that may contribute to ALD.The review is focused on four critical metabolites,namely,acetate,S-adenosylmethionine,nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and zinc that are particularly relevant to alcohol metabolism and ALD.展开更多
BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH)are a growing health burden across a significant portion of the global patient popula...BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH)are a growing health burden across a significant portion of the global patient population.However,these conditions seem to have disparate rates and outcomes between different ethnic populations.The combination of MASLD/MASH and type 2 diabetes increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and Hispanic patients experience the greatest burden,particularly those in South Texas.AIM To compare outcomes between Hispanic and non-Hispanic patients in the United States,while further focusing on the Hispanic population within Southeast Texas to determine whether the documented disparity in outcomes is a function of geographical circumstance or if there is a more widespread reason that all clinicians must account for in prognostic consideration.METHODS This cohort analysis was conducted with data obtained from TriNetX,LLC(“TriNetX”),a global federated health research network that provides access to deidentified medical records from healthcare organizations worldwide.Two cohort networks were used:University of Texas Medical Branch(UTMB)hospital and the United States national database collective to determine whether disparities were related to geographic regions,like Southeast Texas.RESULTS This study findings revealed Hispanics/Latinos have a statistically significant higher occurrence of HCC,type 2 diabetes mellitus,and liver fibrosis/cirrhosis in both the United States and the UTMB Hispanic/Latino groups.Allcause mortality in Hispanics/Latinos was lower within the United States group and not statistically elevated in the UTMB cohort.CONCLUSION This would appear to support that Hispanic patients in Southeast Texas are not uniquely affected compared to the national Hispanic population.展开更多
基金Supported by The National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism grants AA014371 (to Joshi-Barve S),AA015970 (to McClain CJ), and Office of Dietary Supplements, NIH
文摘Alcoholism is a major health problem in the United States and worldwide,and alcohol remains the single most significant cause of liver-related diseases and deaths.Alcohol is known to influence nutritional status at many levels including nutrient intake,absorption,utilization,and excretion,and can lead to many nutritional disturbances and deficiencies.Nutrients can dramatically affect gene expression and alcohol-induced nutrient imbalance may be a major contributor to pathogenic gene expression in alcohol-induced liver disease(ALD).There is growing interest regarding epigenetic changes,including histone modifications that regulate gene expression during disease pathogenesis.Notably,modifications of core histones in the nucleosome regulate chromatin structure and DNA methylation,and control gene transcription.This review highlights the role of nutrient disturbances brought about during alcohol metabolism and their impact on epigenetic histone modifications that may contribute to ALD.The review is focused on four critical metabolites,namely,acetate,S-adenosylmethionine,nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and zinc that are particularly relevant to alcohol metabolism and ALD.
基金Supported by Institute for Translational Sciences at the University of Texas Medical Branch,supported in part by a Clinical and Translational Science Award from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences at the National Institutes of Health,UL1TR001439Moody Endowment Grant,2014-07.
文摘BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH)are a growing health burden across a significant portion of the global patient population.However,these conditions seem to have disparate rates and outcomes between different ethnic populations.The combination of MASLD/MASH and type 2 diabetes increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and Hispanic patients experience the greatest burden,particularly those in South Texas.AIM To compare outcomes between Hispanic and non-Hispanic patients in the United States,while further focusing on the Hispanic population within Southeast Texas to determine whether the documented disparity in outcomes is a function of geographical circumstance or if there is a more widespread reason that all clinicians must account for in prognostic consideration.METHODS This cohort analysis was conducted with data obtained from TriNetX,LLC(“TriNetX”),a global federated health research network that provides access to deidentified medical records from healthcare organizations worldwide.Two cohort networks were used:University of Texas Medical Branch(UTMB)hospital and the United States national database collective to determine whether disparities were related to geographic regions,like Southeast Texas.RESULTS This study findings revealed Hispanics/Latinos have a statistically significant higher occurrence of HCC,type 2 diabetes mellitus,and liver fibrosis/cirrhosis in both the United States and the UTMB Hispanic/Latino groups.Allcause mortality in Hispanics/Latinos was lower within the United States group and not statistically elevated in the UTMB cohort.CONCLUSION This would appear to support that Hispanic patients in Southeast Texas are not uniquely affected compared to the national Hispanic population.
