Jaundice,common condition in newborns,is characterized by yellowing of the skin and eyes due to elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood.Timely detection and management of jaundice are crucial to prevent potential co...Jaundice,common condition in newborns,is characterized by yellowing of the skin and eyes due to elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood.Timely detection and management of jaundice are crucial to prevent potential complications.Traditional jaundice assessment methods rely on visual inspection or invasive blood tests that are subjective and painful for infants,respectively.Although several automated methods for jaundice detection have been developed during the past few years,a limited number of reviews consolidating these developments have been presented till date,making it essential to systematically evaluate and present the existing advancements.This paper fills this gap by providing a thorough survey of automated methods for jaundice detection in neonates.The primary focus of the survey is to review the existing methodologies,techniques,and technologies used for neonatal jaundice detection.The key findings from the review indicate that image-based bilirubinometers and transcutaneous bilirubinometers are promising non-invasive alternatives,and provide a good trade-off between accuracy and ease of use.However,their effectiveness varies with factors like skin pigmentation,gestational age,and measurement site.Spectroscopic and biosensor-based techniques show high sensitivity but need further clinical validation.Despite advancements,several challenges including device calibration,large-scale validation,and regulatory barriers still haunt the researchers.Standardization,regulatory compliances,and seamless integration into healthcare workflows are the key hurdles to be addressed.By consolidating the current knowledge and discussing the challenges and opportunities in this field,this survey aims to contribute to the advancement of automatic jaundice detection and ultimately improve neonatal care.展开更多
The combining microelectronic devices and associated technologies onto a single silicon chip poses a substantial challenge.However,in recent years,the area of silicon photonics has experienced remarkable advancements ...The combining microelectronic devices and associated technologies onto a single silicon chip poses a substantial challenge.However,in recent years,the area of silicon photonics has experienced remarkable advancements and notable leaps in performance.The performance of silicon on insulator(SOI)based photonic devices,such as fast silicon optical modulators,photonic transceivers,optical filters,etc.,have been discussed.This would be a step forward in creating standalone silicon photonic devices,strengthening the possibility of single on-chip nanophotonic integrated circuits.Suppose an integrated silicon photonic chip is designed and fabricated.In that case,it might drastically modify these combined photonic component costs,power consumption,and size,bringing substantial,perhaps revolutionary,changes to the next-generation communications sector.Yet,the monolithic integration of photonic and electrical circuitry is a significant technological difficulty.A complicated set of factors must be carefully considered to determine which application will have the best chance of success employing silicon-based integrated product solutions.The processing limitations connected to the current process flow,the process generation(sometimes referred to as lithography node generation),and packaging requirements are a few of these factors to consider.This review highlights recent developments in integrated silicon photonic devices and their proven applications,including but not limited to photonic waveguides,photonic amplifiers and filters,onchip photonic transceivers,and the state-of-the-art of silicon photonic in multidimensional quantum systems.The investigated devices aim to expedite the transfer of silicon photonics from academia to industry by opening the next phase in on-chip silicon photonics and enabling the application of silicon photonic-based devices in various optical systems.展开更多
Baby clam(BC)is highly valuable but is prone to spoilage.This investigation focused on the use of high-pressure processing(HPP)with chitooligosaccharide-catechin(CHOS-CAT)conjugate to enhance the microbiological safet...Baby clam(BC)is highly valuable but is prone to spoilage.This investigation focused on the use of high-pressure processing(HPP)with chitooligosaccharide-catechin(CHOS-CAT)conjugate to enhance the microbiological safety and shelf-life of shucked baby clam edible portion(EP).EP was treated with CHOS-CAT(400 ppm),vacuum packed,subjected to HPP(50-400 MPa),and stored at 4℃.Shelf-life was assessed through microbiological,biochemical,and sensory evaluations.HPP at 400 MPa for 2 min,combined with CHOS-CAT conjugate treatment(HC400-BC),extended the shelf-life of shucked baby clam EP up to 12 days,as per the aerobic plate count(APC≤6 log CFU/g).Additionally,psychrophilic bacteria,Pseudomonas spp.,lactic acid bacteria,and presumptive Gram-negative bacteria counts in HC400-BC were lower than those of other samples on day 12.Vibrio species were absent in HC400-BC throughout the storage.HC400-BC also exhibited the lowest levels of total volatile basic nitrogen(TVB-N),trimethylamine nitrogen(TMA-N),peroxide value(PV),and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS)throughout storage(p<0.05).Fatty acid profiles were retained in HC400-BC at day 12.Furthermore,HC400-BC was sensorially acceptable up to 12 days.Therefore,HPP at 400 MPa combined with CHOS-CAT conjugate treatment served as an efficient non-thermal processing technique that improved the microbiological safety and prolonged the shelf-life of ready-to-cook shucked baby clam EP.展开更多
Quality of Pacific white shrimp(PWS)soaked in chitooligosaccharide-catechin(CHOS-CAT)conjugate at varying concentrations(1.0 and 2.0%,w/v)and those treated with CHOS-CAT conjugate at aforementioned concen-trations wit...Quality of Pacific white shrimp(PWS)soaked in chitooligosaccharide-catechin(CHOS-CAT)conjugate at varying concentrations(1.0 and 2.0%,w/v)and those treated with CHOS-CAT conjugate at aforementioned concen-trations with the aid of pulsed electric field(PEF)and vacuum impregnation(VI)was studied when stored at 4℃for 15 days.Among all treatments,a lower melanosis score of 7 was found in the samples when pre-treated with PEF,followed by soaking in CHOS-CAT conjugate at 2%(w/v)with VI(CC-PV-2)than other samples after 15 days of storage(p<0.05).Total viable bacteria,psychrotrophic bacteria,presumptive Pseudomonas,Vibrio parahaemolyticus,other Vibrio sp.,H2S-producing bacteria,and Enterobacteriaceae counts of CC-PV-2 were lower than other samples at the end of storage(day 15).CC-PV-2 exhibited the lowest TVB-N and TMA-N contents,PV,and TBARS value when compared to the control and other treated samples throughout the storage(p<0.05).Polyunsaturated fatty acids were retained at a substantial amount in the CC-PV-2 at the end of storage.In addition,next generation sequencing revealed a low percentage of spoilage bacteria such as Shewanella and Pseudomonas and pathogenic bacteria namely Vibrio sp.in the CC-PV-2.Also,CHOS-CAT conjugate showed hydrogen bonding with various targeted proteins of bacteria,as elucidated using molecular docking,verifying its bacterial inhibitory potential.CC-PV-2 had a shelf-life of at least 12 days,while the control could be kept only for 3 days.Overall,the application of CHOS-CAT conjugate with the aid of PEF and VI led to the enhanced quality and extended shelf-life of refrigerated PWS.展开更多
基金funded by the Indian Council of Medical Research(ICMR),New Delhi,Government of India under Grant No.EM/SG/Dev.Res/124/0812-2023.
文摘Jaundice,common condition in newborns,is characterized by yellowing of the skin and eyes due to elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood.Timely detection and management of jaundice are crucial to prevent potential complications.Traditional jaundice assessment methods rely on visual inspection or invasive blood tests that are subjective and painful for infants,respectively.Although several automated methods for jaundice detection have been developed during the past few years,a limited number of reviews consolidating these developments have been presented till date,making it essential to systematically evaluate and present the existing advancements.This paper fills this gap by providing a thorough survey of automated methods for jaundice detection in neonates.The primary focus of the survey is to review the existing methodologies,techniques,and technologies used for neonatal jaundice detection.The key findings from the review indicate that image-based bilirubinometers and transcutaneous bilirubinometers are promising non-invasive alternatives,and provide a good trade-off between accuracy and ease of use.However,their effectiveness varies with factors like skin pigmentation,gestational age,and measurement site.Spectroscopic and biosensor-based techniques show high sensitivity but need further clinical validation.Despite advancements,several challenges including device calibration,large-scale validation,and regulatory barriers still haunt the researchers.Standardization,regulatory compliances,and seamless integration into healthcare workflows are the key hurdles to be addressed.By consolidating the current knowledge and discussing the challenges and opportunities in this field,this survey aims to contribute to the advancement of automatic jaundice detection and ultimately improve neonatal care.
文摘The combining microelectronic devices and associated technologies onto a single silicon chip poses a substantial challenge.However,in recent years,the area of silicon photonics has experienced remarkable advancements and notable leaps in performance.The performance of silicon on insulator(SOI)based photonic devices,such as fast silicon optical modulators,photonic transceivers,optical filters,etc.,have been discussed.This would be a step forward in creating standalone silicon photonic devices,strengthening the possibility of single on-chip nanophotonic integrated circuits.Suppose an integrated silicon photonic chip is designed and fabricated.In that case,it might drastically modify these combined photonic component costs,power consumption,and size,bringing substantial,perhaps revolutionary,changes to the next-generation communications sector.Yet,the monolithic integration of photonic and electrical circuitry is a significant technological difficulty.A complicated set of factors must be carefully considered to determine which application will have the best chance of success employing silicon-based integrated product solutions.The processing limitations connected to the current process flow,the process generation(sometimes referred to as lithography node generation),and packaging requirements are a few of these factors to consider.This review highlights recent developments in integrated silicon photonic devices and their proven applications,including but not limited to photonic waveguides,photonic amplifiers and filters,onchip photonic transceivers,and the state-of-the-art of silicon photonic in multidimensional quantum systems.The investigated devices aim to expedite the transfer of silicon photonics from academia to industry by opening the next phase in on-chip silicon photonics and enabling the application of silicon photonic-based devices in various optical systems.
基金funded by the National Research Council of Thailand(NRCT)(Grant No.N42A670596)The National Science,Research and Innovation Fund(NSRF)Prince of Songkla University(Grant No.AGR6801113S)was also supported.
文摘Baby clam(BC)is highly valuable but is prone to spoilage.This investigation focused on the use of high-pressure processing(HPP)with chitooligosaccharide-catechin(CHOS-CAT)conjugate to enhance the microbiological safety and shelf-life of shucked baby clam edible portion(EP).EP was treated with CHOS-CAT(400 ppm),vacuum packed,subjected to HPP(50-400 MPa),and stored at 4℃.Shelf-life was assessed through microbiological,biochemical,and sensory evaluations.HPP at 400 MPa for 2 min,combined with CHOS-CAT conjugate treatment(HC400-BC),extended the shelf-life of shucked baby clam EP up to 12 days,as per the aerobic plate count(APC≤6 log CFU/g).Additionally,psychrophilic bacteria,Pseudomonas spp.,lactic acid bacteria,and presumptive Gram-negative bacteria counts in HC400-BC were lower than those of other samples on day 12.Vibrio species were absent in HC400-BC throughout the storage.HC400-BC also exhibited the lowest levels of total volatile basic nitrogen(TVB-N),trimethylamine nitrogen(TMA-N),peroxide value(PV),and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances(TBARS)throughout storage(p<0.05).Fatty acid profiles were retained in HC400-BC at day 12.Furthermore,HC400-BC was sensorially acceptable up to 12 days.Therefore,HPP at 400 MPa combined with CHOS-CAT conjugate treatment served as an efficient non-thermal processing technique that improved the microbiological safety and prolonged the shelf-life of ready-to-cook shucked baby clam EP.
文摘Quality of Pacific white shrimp(PWS)soaked in chitooligosaccharide-catechin(CHOS-CAT)conjugate at varying concentrations(1.0 and 2.0%,w/v)and those treated with CHOS-CAT conjugate at aforementioned concen-trations with the aid of pulsed electric field(PEF)and vacuum impregnation(VI)was studied when stored at 4℃for 15 days.Among all treatments,a lower melanosis score of 7 was found in the samples when pre-treated with PEF,followed by soaking in CHOS-CAT conjugate at 2%(w/v)with VI(CC-PV-2)than other samples after 15 days of storage(p<0.05).Total viable bacteria,psychrotrophic bacteria,presumptive Pseudomonas,Vibrio parahaemolyticus,other Vibrio sp.,H2S-producing bacteria,and Enterobacteriaceae counts of CC-PV-2 were lower than other samples at the end of storage(day 15).CC-PV-2 exhibited the lowest TVB-N and TMA-N contents,PV,and TBARS value when compared to the control and other treated samples throughout the storage(p<0.05).Polyunsaturated fatty acids were retained at a substantial amount in the CC-PV-2 at the end of storage.In addition,next generation sequencing revealed a low percentage of spoilage bacteria such as Shewanella and Pseudomonas and pathogenic bacteria namely Vibrio sp.in the CC-PV-2.Also,CHOS-CAT conjugate showed hydrogen bonding with various targeted proteins of bacteria,as elucidated using molecular docking,verifying its bacterial inhibitory potential.CC-PV-2 had a shelf-life of at least 12 days,while the control could be kept only for 3 days.Overall,the application of CHOS-CAT conjugate with the aid of PEF and VI led to the enhanced quality and extended shelf-life of refrigerated PWS.
