Objectives:This study aimed to explore the preferences and influencing factors of self-management behaviors in patients with recurrent gout and provide a theoretical basis for developing targeted strategies to improve...Objectives:This study aimed to explore the preferences and influencing factors of self-management behaviors in patients with recurrent gout and provide a theoretical basis for developing targeted strategies to improve self-management preferences.Methods:A total of 10 patients with recurrent gout were recruited from the gout specialist outpatient clinic at a tertiary hospital in Shenyang,Liaoning Province,China.Semi-structured interviews were conducted with these patients,and the Kawakita Jiro(KJ)method was used to analyze the interview data.Results:After four rounds of screening by five researchers,35 codes were selected from an initial 132.After three rounds of discussion and induction,the KJ method identified seven domains of selfmanagement behavior preferences in patients with recurrent gout:1)extensive knowledge of gout,yet difficulty in distinguishing between accurate and inaccurate information;2)a passive attitude of“no pain,no management”;3)the challenge of changing entrenched daily habits;4)the optimistic but unrealistic belief of“self-delusion”;5)a tendency to seek medical attention late due to hopelessness of cure and familiarity with recurrences;6)preference for analgesics for gout recurrences while neglecting long-term urate-lowering therapy(ULT);and 7)gout-related stigma.Conclusion:The results of this study showed that the self-management behavior of patients with recurrent gout could be improved,especially in the aspects of medical seeking behavior,medication compliance,daily management and emotional management.At the same time,we found that gout stigma,difficulty in distinguishing true and false knowledge of gout and negative attitude of“ignoring pain”were significantly associated with self-management behavior.展开更多
Solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)are widely considered the essential components for upcoming rechargeable lithium-ion batteries owing to the potential for great safety and energy density.Among them,polymer solid-state el...Solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)are widely considered the essential components for upcoming rechargeable lithium-ion batteries owing to the potential for great safety and energy density.Among them,polymer solid-state electrolytes(PSEs)are competitive candidates for replacing commercial liquid electrolytes due to their flexibility,shape versatility and easy machinability.Despite the rapid development of PSEs,their practical application still faces obstacles including poor ionic conductivity,narrow electrochemical stable window and inferior mechanical strength.Polymer/inorganic composite electrolytes(PIEs)formed by adding ceramic fillers in PSEs merge the benefits of PSEs and inorganic solid-state electrolytes(ISEs),exhibiting appreciable comprehensive properties due to the abundant interfaces with unique characteristics.Some PIEs are highly compatible with high-voltage cathode and lithium metal anode,which offer desirable access to obtaining lithium metal batteries with high energy density.This review elucidates the current issues and recent advances in PIEs.The performance of PIEs was remarkably influenced by the characteristics of the fillers including type,content,morphology,arrangement and surface groups.We focus on the molecular interaction between different components in the composite environment for designing high-performance PIEs.Finally,the obstacles and opportunities for creating high-performance PIEs are outlined.This review aims to provide some theoretical guidance and direction for the development of PIEs.展开更多
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate Chinese tertiary hospital nurses' research output,research ability,and their related training needs regarding scientific research methodology and analyze the relations among...Objective: This study aimed to evaluate Chinese tertiary hospital nurses' research output,research ability,and their related training needs regarding scientific research methodology and analyze the relations among them.Methods: A nationwide survey was conducted in China on a large sample of tertiary hospital nurses (n =27,335) recruited from 22 provinces,autonomous regions,and municipalities.A validated,self-designed questionnaire,consisted of a common questionnaire,the Science Research Skills Self-Rating Questionnaire (SRSQ) and the Scientific Research Training Needs Questionnaire (SRTNQ) were used to assess nurses' research output,self-rated research skills and research-training needs.Results: The nurses' scientific research participation rates (with 4.13%,7.85%,5.35%,and 2.04% in research projects,research attendance,papers published,and patent,respectively) and their self-rated research skills 25.00 (12.50,37.50) were very low.However,the research training needs were relatively high 53.12(37.50,75.00).Significant differences in research participation rates (research projects,research attendance,papers published,and patent),scientific research skills,and research-training needs were determined by age,highest education level,nursing experience,employment,technical title,administrative post,and clinical tutoring experience (P< 0.05).Female and male nurses had different research participation rates (only research projects and studies published) and scientific research skills (P < 0.05).Positive correlations were observed among research output,scientific research skills,and researchtraining needs (P < 0.01).Conclusions: Nurses' scientific research participation and self-rated research ability were below the optimal despite that they had relatively high research-training needs.Nurses should be provided further research training with tailored content to their characteristics and capacity.展开更多
Objectives:This study aimed to develop a self-management behavior questionnaire for Chinese enter-ostomy patients and examine its reliability and validity.Methods:Guided by the theory of self-management,an initial que...Objectives:This study aimed to develop a self-management behavior questionnaire for Chinese enter-ostomy patients and examine its reliability and validity.Methods:Guided by the theory of self-management,an initial questionnaire was generated through literature review,group meetings,and two rounds of an expert consultation.Finally,the reliability and validity of the questionnaire were validated through a questionnaire survey of 200 enterostomy patients were selected from the Affiliated Hospital of Medical University from June 2016 to March 2017.Results:The content validity index was 0.80e1.00.The exploratory factor analysis yielded a five-factor(dietary behavior,psychosocial behavior,symptom management behavior,medical compliance behavior,information management behavior),consisting of 40 items.The cumulative variance contri-bution rate was 65.42%.The Cronbach’s a coefficient for the total questionnaire was 0.972,and for the five factors ranged from 0.797 to 0.939,indicating a good internal consistency.The test-retest reliability was 0.867(P<0.01).The self-management behavior questionnaire score was negatively related to the Ostomy Skin Tool score(r=-0.800,P<0.01).Conclusions:The self-management behavior questionnaire developed in this study showed good reli-ability and validity and can be used to assess the self-management behavior of Chinese enterostomy patients.展开更多
Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)represent the highest energy density in the contemporary energy storage community,typically delivering a practical energy density of 150-350 Wh kg-1in the current technique,whic...Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)represent the highest energy density in the contemporary energy storage community,typically delivering a practical energy density of 150-350 Wh kg-1in the current technique,which can hardly satisfy the evergrowing demand for the portable electronic devices and power tools requiring long service time[1-3].展开更多
Dear Editor,Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)is a lentivirus that,if left untreated,can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS).The virus can be divided into two types based on genetic differences:HIV-1 and H...Dear Editor,Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)is a lentivirus that,if left untreated,can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS).The virus can be divided into two types based on genetic differences:HIV-1 and HIV-2.HIV-1 is widely distributed worldwide and is the primary strain responsible for the global AIDS epidemic due to its high replication capacity,greater likelihood of transmission,and more severe clinical symptoms(Oeschger et al.,2021).展开更多
In recent years,as living standards have continued to improve,the number of diabetes patients in China,along with the incidence of complications associated with the disease,has been increasing.Among these complication...In recent years,as living standards have continued to improve,the number of diabetes patients in China,along with the incidence of complications associated with the disease,has been increasing.Among these complications,diabetic foot disease is one of the main causes of disability and death in diabetic patients.Due to the differences in economy,culture,religion and level of medical care available across different regions,preventive and treatment methods and curative results for diabetic foot vary greatly.In multidisciplinary models built around diabetic foot,the timely assessment and diagnosis of wounds and appropriate methods of prevention and treatment with internal and external surgery are key to clinical practice for this pathology.In 2019,under the leadership of the Jiangsu Medical Association and Chinese Diabetes Society,the writing group for the Guidelines on multidisciplinary approaches for the prevention and management of diabetic foot disease(2020 edition)was established with the participation of scholars from the specialist areas of endocrinology,burn injury,vascular surgery,orthopedics,foot and ankle surgery and cardiology.Drawing lessons from diabetic foot guidelines from other countries,this guide analyses clinical practices for diabetic foot,queries the theoretical basis and grades and gives recommendations based on the characteristics of the pathology in China.This paper begins with assessments and diagnoses of diabetic foot,then describes treatments for diabetic foot in detail,and ends with protections for high-risk feet and the prevention of ulcers.This manuscript covers the disciplines of internal medicine,surgical,nursing and rehabilitation and describes a total of 50 recommendations that we hope will provide procedures and protocols for clinicians dealing with diabetic foot.展开更多
Because China is becoming an aging society,the incidence of diabetes and diabetic foot have been increasing.Diabetic foot has become one of the main health-related killers due to its high disability and mortality rate...Because China is becoming an aging society,the incidence of diabetes and diabetic foot have been increasing.Diabetic foot has become one of the main health-related killers due to its high disability and mortality rates.Negative pressure wound therapy(NPWT)is one of the most effective techniques for the treatment of diabetic foot wounds and great progress,both in terms of research and its clinical application,has been made in the last 20 years of its development.However,due to the complex pathogenesis and management of diabetic foot,irregular application of NPWT often leads to complications,such as infection,bleeding and necrosis,that seriously affect its treatment outcomes.In 2020,under the leadership of Burns,Trauma and Tissue Repair Committee of the Cross-Straits Medicine Exchange Association,the writing group for‘Consensus on the application of negative pressure wound therapy of diabetic foot wounds’was established with the participation of scholars from the specialized areas of burns,endocrinology,vascular surgery,orthopedics and wound repair.Drawing on evidence-based practice suggested by the latest clinical research,this consensus proposes the best clinical practice guidelines for the application and prognostic evaluation of NPWT for diabetic foot.The consensus aims to support the formation of standardized treatment schemes that clinicians can refer to when treating cases of diabetic foot.展开更多
A passivation layer called the solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)is formed on electrode surfaces from decomposition products of electrolytes.The SEI allows Li+transport and blocks electrons in order to prevent further ...A passivation layer called the solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)is formed on electrode surfaces from decomposition products of electrolytes.The SEI allows Li+transport and blocks electrons in order to prevent further electrolyte decomposition and ensure continued electrochemical reactions.The formation and growth mechanism of the nanometer thick SEI films are yet to be completely understood owing to their complex structure and lack of reliable in situ experimental techniques.Significant advances in computational methods have made it possible to predictively model the fundamentals of SEI.This review aims to give an overview of state-of-the-art modeling progress in the investigation of SEI films on the anodes,ranging from electronic structure calculations to mesoscale modeling,covering the thermodynamics and kinetics of electrolyte reduction reactions,SEI formation,modification through electrolyte design,correlation of SEI properties with battery performance,and the artificial SEI design.Multiscale simulations have been summarized and compared with each other as well as with experiments.Computational details of the fundamental properties of SEI,such as electron tunneling,Li-ion transport,chemical/mechanical stability of the bulk SEI and electrode/(SEI/)electrolyte interfaces have been discussed.This review shows the potential of computational approaches in the deconvolution of SEI properties and design of artificial SEI.We believe that computational modeling can be integrated with experiments to complement each other and lead to a better understanding of the complex SEI for the development of a highly efficient battery in the future.展开更多
Development of high-voltage electrolytes with non-flammability is significantly important for future energy storage devices.Aqueous electrolytes are inherently non-flammable,easy to handle,and their electrochemical st...Development of high-voltage electrolytes with non-flammability is significantly important for future energy storage devices.Aqueous electrolytes are inherently non-flammable,easy to handle,and their electrochemical stability windows(ESWs)can be considerably expanded by increasing electrolyte concentrations.However,further breakthroughs of their ESWs encounter bottlenecks because of the limited salt solubility,leading to that most of the high-energy anode materials can hardly function reversibly in aqueous electrolytes.Here,by introducing a non-flammable ionic liquid as co-solvent in a lithium salt/water system,we develop a"water in salt/ionic liquid"(WiSIL)electrolyte with extremely low water content.In such WiSIL electrolyte,commercial niobium pentoxide(Nb2O5)material can operate at a low potential(-1.6 V versus Ag/AgCl)and contribute its full capacity.Consequently,the resultant Nb2O5-based aqueous lithium-ion capacitor is able to operate at a high voltage of 2.8 V along with long cycling stability over 3000 cycles,and displays comparable energy and power performance(51.9 Wh kg^-1 at 0.37 kW kg^-1 and 16.4 Wh kg^-1 at 4.9 kW kg^-1)to those using non-aqueous electrolytes but with improved safety performance and manufacturing efficiency.展开更多
The emergence and spread of plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance genes have attracted extensive attention worldwide.We investigated the distribution of mobile tigecycline resistance genes in Salmonella genomes gene...The emergence and spread of plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance genes have attracted extensive attention worldwide.We investigated the distribution of mobile tigecycline resistance genes in Salmonella genomes generated by both our laboratory and public bacterial genomes downloaded from the NCBI GenBank.The tet(X4)-positive strains were subjected to susceptibility testing and conjugation assays.The genetic features of the tet(X4)-bearing plasmid sequence were analyzed.Here,we report the identification of the plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4)in a conjugative plasmid of the Salmonella enterica serovar Llandoff strain SH16G3606,isolated from a man in China in 2016,the first reported serovar Llandoff in China as a novel sequence type ST8300.The tet(X4)-mediated resistance phenotype was successfully transferred from the Salmonella Llandoff strain into Escherichia coli J53,resulting in a 32-fold increase in the minimal inhibitory concentration of tigecycline.The tet(X4)gene was located between two copies of ISCR2 in the plasmid pSal21GXH-tetX4.To our knowledge,this is the first report of the plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4)in a Salmonella Llandoff strain isolated from a human stool sample in China.In addition,our findings demonstrated that a total of 171 isolates are carrying tet(X)-like genes distributed in 21 countries or areas across 6 continents,posing a serious threat to humans and public health.Overall,our timely discovery of the recent emergence of the tet(X4)gene in Salmonella isolates and other Enterobacteriaceae bacteria species supports the need for rapid surveillance to prevent the tet(X)-like gene from spreading.展开更多
LiNiPO_(4)(working at~5.1 V)shows potential advantages in the competition of cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)because of high energy density.However,the high-voltage electrolyte developed can only rema...LiNiPO_(4)(working at~5.1 V)shows potential advantages in the competition of cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)because of high energy density.However,the high-voltage electrolyte developed can only remain relatively stable in the range of less than 4.8V,so the operating voltage of LiNiPO_(4)needs to be adjusted to smaller to better exploit its high-voltage advantages.To regulate the operating voltage of LiNiPO_(4)while ensuring the relative stability of its electrochemical properties,in this work,all the 3d,4d,and 5d transition metals(TMs)are,respectively,doped into the Ni site of LiNiPO_(4)to screen out the doped models with excellent electrochemical performance.In particular,the changes in lattice structure,electronic properties,formation energy,mechanical properties,anisotropy,and working voltage were used as screening criteria.By considering the above screening criteria,the Cr-and Fe-doped LiNiPO_(4)with open circuit voltage~4.7 and~4.8 V are considered to have leading performance and can be used for applicable high-voltage LIBs.The screening results of this work can provide an overall understanding of the doping of LiNiPO_(4)by TMs and have advanced a theoretical idea for the design of new high-voltage LIBs cathode materials.展开更多
文摘Objectives:This study aimed to explore the preferences and influencing factors of self-management behaviors in patients with recurrent gout and provide a theoretical basis for developing targeted strategies to improve self-management preferences.Methods:A total of 10 patients with recurrent gout were recruited from the gout specialist outpatient clinic at a tertiary hospital in Shenyang,Liaoning Province,China.Semi-structured interviews were conducted with these patients,and the Kawakita Jiro(KJ)method was used to analyze the interview data.Results:After four rounds of screening by five researchers,35 codes were selected from an initial 132.After three rounds of discussion and induction,the KJ method identified seven domains of selfmanagement behavior preferences in patients with recurrent gout:1)extensive knowledge of gout,yet difficulty in distinguishing between accurate and inaccurate information;2)a passive attitude of“no pain,no management”;3)the challenge of changing entrenched daily habits;4)the optimistic but unrealistic belief of“self-delusion”;5)a tendency to seek medical attention late due to hopelessness of cure and familiarity with recurrences;6)preference for analgesics for gout recurrences while neglecting long-term urate-lowering therapy(ULT);and 7)gout-related stigma.Conclusion:The results of this study showed that the self-management behavior of patients with recurrent gout could be improved,especially in the aspects of medical seeking behavior,medication compliance,daily management and emotional management.At the same time,we found that gout stigma,difficulty in distinguishing true and false knowledge of gout and negative attitude of“ignoring pain”were significantly associated with self-management behavior.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22279070,U21A20170 and 22175106)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Nos.2019YFA0705703,2021YFB2501900 and 2019YFE0100200)+1 种基金the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program(20223080001)the Tsinghua-Foshan Innovation Special Fund(2021THFS0216)。
文摘Solid-state electrolytes(SSEs)are widely considered the essential components for upcoming rechargeable lithium-ion batteries owing to the potential for great safety and energy density.Among them,polymer solid-state electrolytes(PSEs)are competitive candidates for replacing commercial liquid electrolytes due to their flexibility,shape versatility and easy machinability.Despite the rapid development of PSEs,their practical application still faces obstacles including poor ionic conductivity,narrow electrochemical stable window and inferior mechanical strength.Polymer/inorganic composite electrolytes(PIEs)formed by adding ceramic fillers in PSEs merge the benefits of PSEs and inorganic solid-state electrolytes(ISEs),exhibiting appreciable comprehensive properties due to the abundant interfaces with unique characteristics.Some PIEs are highly compatible with high-voltage cathode and lithium metal anode,which offer desirable access to obtaining lithium metal batteries with high energy density.This review elucidates the current issues and recent advances in PIEs.The performance of PIEs was remarkably influenced by the characteristics of the fillers including type,content,morphology,arrangement and surface groups.We focus on the molecular interaction between different components in the composite environment for designing high-performance PIEs.Finally,the obstacles and opportunities for creating high-performance PIEs are outlined.This review aims to provide some theoretical guidance and direction for the development of PIEs.
文摘Objective: This study aimed to evaluate Chinese tertiary hospital nurses' research output,research ability,and their related training needs regarding scientific research methodology and analyze the relations among them.Methods: A nationwide survey was conducted in China on a large sample of tertiary hospital nurses (n =27,335) recruited from 22 provinces,autonomous regions,and municipalities.A validated,self-designed questionnaire,consisted of a common questionnaire,the Science Research Skills Self-Rating Questionnaire (SRSQ) and the Scientific Research Training Needs Questionnaire (SRTNQ) were used to assess nurses' research output,self-rated research skills and research-training needs.Results: The nurses' scientific research participation rates (with 4.13%,7.85%,5.35%,and 2.04% in research projects,research attendance,papers published,and patent,respectively) and their self-rated research skills 25.00 (12.50,37.50) were very low.However,the research training needs were relatively high 53.12(37.50,75.00).Significant differences in research participation rates (research projects,research attendance,papers published,and patent),scientific research skills,and research-training needs were determined by age,highest education level,nursing experience,employment,technical title,administrative post,and clinical tutoring experience (P< 0.05).Female and male nurses had different research participation rates (only research projects and studies published) and scientific research skills (P < 0.05).Positive correlations were observed among research output,scientific research skills,and researchtraining needs (P < 0.01).Conclusions: Nurses' scientific research participation and self-rated research ability were below the optimal despite that they had relatively high research-training needs.Nurses should be provided further research training with tailored content to their characteristics and capacity.
文摘Objectives:This study aimed to develop a self-management behavior questionnaire for Chinese enter-ostomy patients and examine its reliability and validity.Methods:Guided by the theory of self-management,an initial questionnaire was generated through literature review,group meetings,and two rounds of an expert consultation.Finally,the reliability and validity of the questionnaire were validated through a questionnaire survey of 200 enterostomy patients were selected from the Affiliated Hospital of Medical University from June 2016 to March 2017.Results:The content validity index was 0.80e1.00.The exploratory factor analysis yielded a five-factor(dietary behavior,psychosocial behavior,symptom management behavior,medical compliance behavior,information management behavior),consisting of 40 items.The cumulative variance contri-bution rate was 65.42%.The Cronbach’s a coefficient for the total questionnaire was 0.972,and for the five factors ranged from 0.797 to 0.939,indicating a good internal consistency.The test-retest reliability was 0.867(P<0.01).The self-management behavior questionnaire score was negatively related to the Ostomy Skin Tool score(r=-0.800,P<0.01).Conclusions:The self-management behavior questionnaire developed in this study showed good reli-ability and validity and can be used to assess the self-management behavior of Chinese enterostomy patients.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21972133,21805070,21605136,21733012,and 21633008)the Newton Advanced Fellowships(NAF/R2/180603)+1 种基金the Guangxi Department of Education(2019KY0394)the"Scientist Studio Funding"from Tianmu Lake Institute of Advanced Energy Storage Technologies Co.,Ltd.
文摘Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)represent the highest energy density in the contemporary energy storage community,typically delivering a practical energy density of 150-350 Wh kg-1in the current technique,which can hardly satisfy the evergrowing demand for the portable electronic devices and power tools requiring long service time[1-3].
基金This work was supported by the COVID-19 Emergency Project of the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC0867900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072944)+2 种基金the Emergency Scientific Research on Epidemic Prevention and Control of Henan Province(211100310200)Science and Technology Project of Henan Province(21210230180)Medical Science and Technology project of Henan Province(LHGJ20210274).
文摘Dear Editor,Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)is a lentivirus that,if left untreated,can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS).The virus can be divided into two types based on genetic differences:HIV-1 and HIV-2.HIV-1 is widely distributed worldwide and is the primary strain responsible for the global AIDS epidemic due to its high replication capacity,greater likelihood of transmission,and more severe clinical symptoms(Oeschger et al.,2021).
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number:81770810)。
文摘In recent years,as living standards have continued to improve,the number of diabetes patients in China,along with the incidence of complications associated with the disease,has been increasing.Among these complications,diabetic foot disease is one of the main causes of disability and death in diabetic patients.Due to the differences in economy,culture,religion and level of medical care available across different regions,preventive and treatment methods and curative results for diabetic foot vary greatly.In multidisciplinary models built around diabetic foot,the timely assessment and diagnosis of wounds and appropriate methods of prevention and treatment with internal and external surgery are key to clinical practice for this pathology.In 2019,under the leadership of the Jiangsu Medical Association and Chinese Diabetes Society,the writing group for the Guidelines on multidisciplinary approaches for the prevention and management of diabetic foot disease(2020 edition)was established with the participation of scholars from the specialist areas of endocrinology,burn injury,vascular surgery,orthopedics,foot and ankle surgery and cardiology.Drawing lessons from diabetic foot guidelines from other countries,this guide analyses clinical practices for diabetic foot,queries the theoretical basis and grades and gives recommendations based on the characteristics of the pathology in China.This paper begins with assessments and diagnoses of diabetic foot,then describes treatments for diabetic foot in detail,and ends with protections for high-risk feet and the prevention of ulcers.This manuscript covers the disciplines of internal medicine,surgical,nursing and rehabilitation and describes a total of 50 recommendations that we hope will provide procedures and protocols for clinicians dealing with diabetic foot.
基金Research on in situ skin repair and regeneration based on micro-tissue engineering technology and 3D printing.(The National Key R&D Program of China,Grant Number 2019YFA0110503).The study on natural living micro-amniotic scaffolds to dynamic regulate immune inflammation and reconstruct wound repairing.(National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant Number 81971836).The systemic study of miR-23b_24-1 cluster in the prevention and treatment of MODS caused by sepsis after burns.(National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant Number 81930057).The experimental study on regulating the immune inflammatory microenvironment of burn wounds and promoting repair and regeneration based on micro-tissue engineering technology.(National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant Number 81871559).
文摘Because China is becoming an aging society,the incidence of diabetes and diabetic foot have been increasing.Diabetic foot has become one of the main health-related killers due to its high disability and mortality rates.Negative pressure wound therapy(NPWT)is one of the most effective techniques for the treatment of diabetic foot wounds and great progress,both in terms of research and its clinical application,has been made in the last 20 years of its development.However,due to the complex pathogenesis and management of diabetic foot,irregular application of NPWT often leads to complications,such as infection,bleeding and necrosis,that seriously affect its treatment outcomes.In 2020,under the leadership of Burns,Trauma and Tissue Repair Committee of the Cross-Straits Medicine Exchange Association,the writing group for‘Consensus on the application of negative pressure wound therapy of diabetic foot wounds’was established with the participation of scholars from the specialized areas of burns,endocrinology,vascular surgery,orthopedics and wound repair.Drawing on evidence-based practice suggested by the latest clinical research,this consensus proposes the best clinical practice guidelines for the application and prognostic evaluation of NPWT for diabetic foot.The consensus aims to support the formation of standardized treatment schemes that clinicians can refer to when treating cases of diabetic foot.
基金A.W.and S.S.acknowledge the support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFB0701600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51372228,51622207 and U1630134)S.K.and Y.Q.acknowledge the support from the Department of Energy,Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy(EERE),under the Awards#DE-EE0007787 and #DEEE0007803.
文摘A passivation layer called the solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)is formed on electrode surfaces from decomposition products of electrolytes.The SEI allows Li+transport and blocks electrons in order to prevent further electrolyte decomposition and ensure continued electrochemical reactions.The formation and growth mechanism of the nanometer thick SEI films are yet to be completely understood owing to their complex structure and lack of reliable in situ experimental techniques.Significant advances in computational methods have made it possible to predictively model the fundamentals of SEI.This review aims to give an overview of state-of-the-art modeling progress in the investigation of SEI films on the anodes,ranging from electronic structure calculations to mesoscale modeling,covering the thermodynamics and kinetics of electrolyte reduction reactions,SEI formation,modification through electrolyte design,correlation of SEI properties with battery performance,and the artificial SEI design.Multiscale simulations have been summarized and compared with each other as well as with experiments.Computational details of the fundamental properties of SEI,such as electron tunneling,Li-ion transport,chemical/mechanical stability of the bulk SEI and electrode/(SEI/)electrolyte interfaces have been discussed.This review shows the potential of computational approaches in the deconvolution of SEI properties and design of artificial SEI.We believe that computational modeling can be integrated with experiments to complement each other and lead to a better understanding of the complex SEI for the development of a highly efficient battery in the future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China(21573265 and 21673263)the Zhaoqing Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(2019K038)+2 种基金the Key Cultivation Projects of the Institute in 13th Five-Yearthe Instruments Function Development&Technology Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2020g105)the Western Young Scholars Foundations of Chinese Academy of Sciences。
文摘Development of high-voltage electrolytes with non-flammability is significantly important for future energy storage devices.Aqueous electrolytes are inherently non-flammable,easy to handle,and their electrochemical stability windows(ESWs)can be considerably expanded by increasing electrolyte concentrations.However,further breakthroughs of their ESWs encounter bottlenecks because of the limited salt solubility,leading to that most of the high-energy anode materials can hardly function reversibly in aqueous electrolytes.Here,by introducing a non-flammable ionic liquid as co-solvent in a lithium salt/water system,we develop a"water in salt/ionic liquid"(WiSIL)electrolyte with extremely low water content.In such WiSIL electrolyte,commercial niobium pentoxide(Nb2O5)material can operate at a low potential(-1.6 V versus Ag/AgCl)and contribute its full capacity.Consequently,the resultant Nb2O5-based aqueous lithium-ion capacitor is able to operate at a high voltage of 2.8 V along with long cycling stability over 3000 cycles,and displays comparable energy and power performance(51.9 Wh kg^-1 at 0.37 kW kg^-1 and 16.4 Wh kg^-1 at 4.9 kW kg^-1)to those using non-aqueous electrolytes but with improved safety performance and manufacturing efficiency.
基金This study was supported by the Major Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(81991534)the Major State Basic Research Development Program(2018YFC1603803)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant number:2018YFC1603900).
文摘The emergence and spread of plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance genes have attracted extensive attention worldwide.We investigated the distribution of mobile tigecycline resistance genes in Salmonella genomes generated by both our laboratory and public bacterial genomes downloaded from the NCBI GenBank.The tet(X4)-positive strains were subjected to susceptibility testing and conjugation assays.The genetic features of the tet(X4)-bearing plasmid sequence were analyzed.Here,we report the identification of the plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4)in a conjugative plasmid of the Salmonella enterica serovar Llandoff strain SH16G3606,isolated from a man in China in 2016,the first reported serovar Llandoff in China as a novel sequence type ST8300.The tet(X4)-mediated resistance phenotype was successfully transferred from the Salmonella Llandoff strain into Escherichia coli J53,resulting in a 32-fold increase in the minimal inhibitory concentration of tigecycline.The tet(X4)gene was located between two copies of ISCR2 in the plasmid pSal21GXH-tetX4.To our knowledge,this is the first report of the plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4)in a Salmonella Llandoff strain isolated from a human stool sample in China.In addition,our findings demonstrated that a total of 171 isolates are carrying tet(X)-like genes distributed in 21 countries or areas across 6 continents,posing a serious threat to humans and public health.Overall,our timely discovery of the recent emergence of the tet(X4)gene in Salmonella isolates and other Enterobacteriaceae bacteria species supports the need for rapid surveillance to prevent the tet(X)-like gene from spreading.
基金Ministry of Science and Technology of China,Grant/Award Numbers:2019YFA0705703,2019YFE0100200China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,Grant/Award Numbers:2021M701873,2022M711791,2022M720080National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:22175106,22279071,52007099,52073161,U21A20170。
文摘LiNiPO_(4)(working at~5.1 V)shows potential advantages in the competition of cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)because of high energy density.However,the high-voltage electrolyte developed can only remain relatively stable in the range of less than 4.8V,so the operating voltage of LiNiPO_(4)needs to be adjusted to smaller to better exploit its high-voltage advantages.To regulate the operating voltage of LiNiPO_(4)while ensuring the relative stability of its electrochemical properties,in this work,all the 3d,4d,and 5d transition metals(TMs)are,respectively,doped into the Ni site of LiNiPO_(4)to screen out the doped models with excellent electrochemical performance.In particular,the changes in lattice structure,electronic properties,formation energy,mechanical properties,anisotropy,and working voltage were used as screening criteria.By considering the above screening criteria,the Cr-and Fe-doped LiNiPO_(4)with open circuit voltage~4.7 and~4.8 V are considered to have leading performance and can be used for applicable high-voltage LIBs.The screening results of this work can provide an overall understanding of the doping of LiNiPO_(4)by TMs and have advanced a theoretical idea for the design of new high-voltage LIBs cathode materials.
