As the leading cause of cancer-related deaths,lung cancer remains a noteworthy threat to human health.Although immunotherapies,such as immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs),have significantly increased the efficacy of lu...As the leading cause of cancer-related deaths,lung cancer remains a noteworthy threat to human health.Although immunotherapies,such as immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs),have significantly increased the efficacy of lung cancer treatment,a significant percentage of patients are not sensitive to immunotherapies and patients who initially respond to treatment can quickly develop acquired drug resistance.Bispecific antibodies(bs Abs)bind two different antigens or epitopes simultaneously and have been shown to enhance antitumor efficacy with suitable safety profiles,thus attracting increasing attention as novel antitumor therapies.At present,in addition to the approved bs Ab,amivantamab,three novel bs Abs(KN046,AK112,and SHR-1701)are being evaluated in phase 3 clinical trials and many bs Abs are being evaluated in phase 1/2 clinical trials for patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Herein we present the structure,classification,and mechanism of action underlying bs Abs in NSCLC and introduce related clinical trials.Finally,we discuss challenges,potential solutions,and future prospects in the context of cancer treatment with bsAbs.展开更多
As an extreme physical condition,high pressure serves as a potent means to substantially modify the interatomic distances and bonding patterns within condensed matter,thereby enabling the macroscopic manipulation of m...As an extreme physical condition,high pressure serves as a potent means to substantially modify the interatomic distances and bonding patterns within condensed matter,thereby enabling the macroscopic manipulation of material properties.We employed the CALYPSO method to predict the stable structures of RbB_(2)C_(4)across the pressure range from 0 GPa to 100 GPa and investigated its physical properties through first-principles calculations.Specially,we found four novel structures,namely,P6_(3)/mcm-,Amm2-,P1-,and I4/mmm-RbB_(2)C_(4).Under pressure conditions,electronic structure calculations reveal that all of them exhibit metallic characteristics.The calculation results of formation enthalpy show that the P6_(3)/mcm structure can be synthesized within the pressure range of 0–40 GPa.Specially,the Amm2,P1,and I4/mmm structures can be synthesized above 4 GPa,6 GPa,10 GPa,respectively.Moreover,the estimated Vickers hardness value of I4/mmm-RbB_(2)C_(4)compound is 47 GPa,suggesting that it is a superhard material.Interestingly,this study uncovers the continuous transformation of the crystal structure of RbB_(2)C_(4)from a layered configuration to folded and tubular forms,ultimately attaining a stabilized cage-like structure under the pressure span of 0–100 GPa.The application of pressure offers a formidable impetus for the advancement and innovation in condensed matter physics,facilitating the exploration of novel states and functions of matter.展开更多
Introduction:Nutrition knowledge(NK)is a key modifiable factor influencing the dietary behavior and nutritional status of children.Currently,nationally representative data assessing NK among Chinese junior high school...Introduction:Nutrition knowledge(NK)is a key modifiable factor influencing the dietary behavior and nutritional status of children.Currently,nationally representative data assessing NK among Chinese junior high school students are unavailable.This study aimed to assess NK levels using recent,nationally representative data from China.Methods:A multistage stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 28,629 junior high school students from 195 survey sites across 31 provincial-level administrative divisions in China.Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire developed using rigorous scientific procedures.NK awareness rates were described as weighted prevalence rates with 95%confidence intervals(CIs).Subgroup comparisons were performed using the Rao–Scott chisquare test.Results:The overall NK awareness rate among Chinese junior high school students was 40.0%(95%CI:36.5%–43.5%).The rates for the five dimensions,dietary recommendations,nutrient content of foods,food and health,food choices,and food safety,were 20.1%,46.2%,65.3%,65.2%,and 65.2%,respectively.The analysis revealed significant variations in overall and dimension-specific awareness rates across groups.Boys,students from rural and western regions,and students from families with lower socioeconomic status had poorer NK levels than their counterparts.Among the 10 knowledge points with the lowest correct rates,seven belonged to dietary recommendations,two to food safety,and one to food and health.Conclusion:NK awareness rates among junior high school students require improvement,especially regarding dietary recommendations,which remain a key component of students’nutrition education.Boys,students from rural and western regions,and students from families with lower socioeconomic status should be the key populations for NK dissemination in the future.展开更多
Background:Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide.Its survival rate can be significantly improved by early screening.Biomarkers based on radiomics features have been found to provide important phy...Background:Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide.Its survival rate can be significantly improved by early screening.Biomarkers based on radiomics features have been found to provide important physiological information on tumors and considered as having the potential to be used in the early screening of lung cancer.In this study,we aim to establish a radiomics model and develop a tool to improve the discrimination between benign and malignant pulmonary nodules.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 875 patients with benign or malignant pulmonary nodules who underwent computed tomography(CT)examinations between June 2013 and June 2018.We assigned 612 patients to a training cohort and 263 patients to a validation cohort.Radiomics features were extracted from the CT images of each patient.Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)was used for radiomics feature selection and radiomics score calculation.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to develop a classification model and radiomics nomogram.Radiomics score and clinical variables were used to distinguish benign and malignant pulmonary nodules in logistic model.The performance of the radiomics nomogram was evaluated by the area under the curve(AUC),calibration curve and Hosmer-Lemeshow test in both the training and validation cohorts.Results:A radiomics score was built and consisted of 20 features selected by LASSO from 1288 radiomics features in the training cohort.The multivariate logistic model and radiomics nomogram were constructed using the radiomics score and patients’age.Good discrimination of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules was obtained from the training cohort(AUC,0.836;95%confidence interval[CI]:0.793-0.879)and validation cohort(AUC,0.809;95%CI:0.745-0.872).The Hosmer-Lemeshow test also showed good performance for the logistic regression model in the training cohort(P=0.765)and validation cohort(P=0.064).Good alignment with the calibration curve indicated the good performance of the nomogram.Conclusions:The established radiomics nomogram is a noninvasive preoperative prediction tool for malignant pulmonary nodule diagnosis.Validation revealed that this nomogram exhibited excellent discrimination and calibration capacities,suggesting its clinical utility in the early screening of lung cancer.展开更多
From late January to March,more than 42,000 doctors,nurses,public health workers,and health administrators across China went to Hubei Province to assist in the response to coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).There are ...From late January to March,more than 42,000 doctors,nurses,public health workers,and health administrators across China went to Hubei Province to assist in the response to coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).There are many studies on nutrition status of affected people amid natural disasters or pandemics(1–3),but the diet and nutrition status of healthcare workers receive little attention.The aim of this article is to provide evidence for addressing this issue by investigating food supply and nutrition status during the COVID-19 response period.展开更多
What is already known about this topic?Elderly persons are vulnerable to infectious diseases,and nutritional status and health conditions were important to evaluate for disease prevention and ability to recover for th...What is already known about this topic?Elderly persons are vulnerable to infectious diseases,and nutritional status and health conditions were important to evaluate for disease prevention and ability to recover for the elderly during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.What is added by this report?In our study,a rapid assessment questionnaire was used to investigate the change of household life and dietary intake of the elderly(aged 60 years or more)during community closure.Food consumption frequency of aquatic food products,soybeans,and fresh fruits declined dramatically with reductions of 70.9%,70.9%,and 53.0%,respectively,and 49.6%of the elderly lived with chronic non-communicable diseases but had little knowledge of nutrition and health.What are the implications for public health practice?Community closure measures in Wuhan City have played a key role in cutting off the transmission route of COVID-19 and protecting vulnerable groups.As a high-risk population,the elderly should be advised to maintain and strengthen a balanced diet with proper nutrition through increasing intake of aquatic food products,soybeans,fruits,and vegetables,reducing total caloric intake,and decreasing oil and salt consumption.These measures will be significant for the elderly to reduce the risk of chronic disease complications and COVID-19 infection and to decrease the chance of critical illness.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82272845)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong(Grant No.ZR2023LZL001)。
文摘As the leading cause of cancer-related deaths,lung cancer remains a noteworthy threat to human health.Although immunotherapies,such as immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs),have significantly increased the efficacy of lung cancer treatment,a significant percentage of patients are not sensitive to immunotherapies and patients who initially respond to treatment can quickly develop acquired drug resistance.Bispecific antibodies(bs Abs)bind two different antigens or epitopes simultaneously and have been shown to enhance antitumor efficacy with suitable safety profiles,thus attracting increasing attention as novel antitumor therapies.At present,in addition to the approved bs Ab,amivantamab,three novel bs Abs(KN046,AK112,and SHR-1701)are being evaluated in phase 3 clinical trials and many bs Abs are being evaluated in phase 1/2 clinical trials for patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Herein we present the structure,classification,and mechanism of action underlying bs Abs in NSCLC and introduce related clinical trials.Finally,we discuss challenges,potential solutions,and future prospects in the context of cancer treatment with bsAbs.
基金Project supported by the Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Development Joint Fund Project(Grant No.YDZJ202201ZYTS581)supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Project of Jilin Provincial Education Department(Grant No.JJKH20240077KJ).
文摘As an extreme physical condition,high pressure serves as a potent means to substantially modify the interatomic distances and bonding patterns within condensed matter,thereby enabling the macroscopic manipulation of material properties.We employed the CALYPSO method to predict the stable structures of RbB_(2)C_(4)across the pressure range from 0 GPa to 100 GPa and investigated its physical properties through first-principles calculations.Specially,we found four novel structures,namely,P6_(3)/mcm-,Amm2-,P1-,and I4/mmm-RbB_(2)C_(4).Under pressure conditions,electronic structure calculations reveal that all of them exhibit metallic characteristics.The calculation results of formation enthalpy show that the P6_(3)/mcm structure can be synthesized within the pressure range of 0–40 GPa.Specially,the Amm2,P1,and I4/mmm structures can be synthesized above 4 GPa,6 GPa,10 GPa,respectively.Moreover,the estimated Vickers hardness value of I4/mmm-RbB_(2)C_(4)compound is 47 GPa,suggesting that it is a superhard material.Interestingly,this study uncovers the continuous transformation of the crystal structure of RbB_(2)C_(4)from a layered configuration to folded and tubular forms,ultimately attaining a stabilized cage-like structure under the pressure span of 0–100 GPa.The application of pressure offers a formidable impetus for the advancement and innovation in condensed matter physics,facilitating the exploration of novel states and functions of matter.
基金Approved by the Medical Ethical Review Committee of the National Institute for Nutrition and Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(No.2022-037).
文摘Introduction:Nutrition knowledge(NK)is a key modifiable factor influencing the dietary behavior and nutritional status of children.Currently,nationally representative data assessing NK among Chinese junior high school students are unavailable.This study aimed to assess NK levels using recent,nationally representative data from China.Methods:A multistage stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 28,629 junior high school students from 195 survey sites across 31 provincial-level administrative divisions in China.Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire developed using rigorous scientific procedures.NK awareness rates were described as weighted prevalence rates with 95%confidence intervals(CIs).Subgroup comparisons were performed using the Rao–Scott chisquare test.Results:The overall NK awareness rate among Chinese junior high school students was 40.0%(95%CI:36.5%–43.5%).The rates for the five dimensions,dietary recommendations,nutrient content of foods,food and health,food choices,and food safety,were 20.1%,46.2%,65.3%,65.2%,and 65.2%,respectively.The analysis revealed significant variations in overall and dimension-specific awareness rates across groups.Boys,students from rural and western regions,and students from families with lower socioeconomic status had poorer NK levels than their counterparts.Among the 10 knowledge points with the lowest correct rates,seven belonged to dietary recommendations,two to food safety,and one to food and health.Conclusion:NK awareness rates among junior high school students require improvement,especially regarding dietary recommendations,which remain a key component of students’nutrition education.Boys,students from rural and western regions,and students from families with lower socioeconomic status should be the key populations for NK dissemination in the future.
基金Key R&D project of Shandong Province,Grant/Award Number:2018GSF118152
文摘Background:Lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide.Its survival rate can be significantly improved by early screening.Biomarkers based on radiomics features have been found to provide important physiological information on tumors and considered as having the potential to be used in the early screening of lung cancer.In this study,we aim to establish a radiomics model and develop a tool to improve the discrimination between benign and malignant pulmonary nodules.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 875 patients with benign or malignant pulmonary nodules who underwent computed tomography(CT)examinations between June 2013 and June 2018.We assigned 612 patients to a training cohort and 263 patients to a validation cohort.Radiomics features were extracted from the CT images of each patient.Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)was used for radiomics feature selection and radiomics score calculation.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to develop a classification model and radiomics nomogram.Radiomics score and clinical variables were used to distinguish benign and malignant pulmonary nodules in logistic model.The performance of the radiomics nomogram was evaluated by the area under the curve(AUC),calibration curve and Hosmer-Lemeshow test in both the training and validation cohorts.Results:A radiomics score was built and consisted of 20 features selected by LASSO from 1288 radiomics features in the training cohort.The multivariate logistic model and radiomics nomogram were constructed using the radiomics score and patients’age.Good discrimination of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules was obtained from the training cohort(AUC,0.836;95%confidence interval[CI]:0.793-0.879)and validation cohort(AUC,0.809;95%CI:0.745-0.872).The Hosmer-Lemeshow test also showed good performance for the logistic regression model in the training cohort(P=0.765)and validation cohort(P=0.064).Good alignment with the calibration curve indicated the good performance of the nomogram.Conclusions:The established radiomics nomogram is a noninvasive preoperative prediction tool for malignant pulmonary nodule diagnosis.Validation revealed that this nomogram exhibited excellent discrimination and calibration capacities,suggesting its clinical utility in the early screening of lung cancer.
文摘From late January to March,more than 42,000 doctors,nurses,public health workers,and health administrators across China went to Hubei Province to assist in the response to coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).There are many studies on nutrition status of affected people amid natural disasters or pandemics(1–3),but the diet and nutrition status of healthcare workers receive little attention.The aim of this article is to provide evidence for addressing this issue by investigating food supply and nutrition status during the COVID-19 response period.
文摘What is already known about this topic?Elderly persons are vulnerable to infectious diseases,and nutritional status and health conditions were important to evaluate for disease prevention and ability to recover for the elderly during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.What is added by this report?In our study,a rapid assessment questionnaire was used to investigate the change of household life and dietary intake of the elderly(aged 60 years or more)during community closure.Food consumption frequency of aquatic food products,soybeans,and fresh fruits declined dramatically with reductions of 70.9%,70.9%,and 53.0%,respectively,and 49.6%of the elderly lived with chronic non-communicable diseases but had little knowledge of nutrition and health.What are the implications for public health practice?Community closure measures in Wuhan City have played a key role in cutting off the transmission route of COVID-19 and protecting vulnerable groups.As a high-risk population,the elderly should be advised to maintain and strengthen a balanced diet with proper nutrition through increasing intake of aquatic food products,soybeans,fruits,and vegetables,reducing total caloric intake,and decreasing oil and salt consumption.These measures will be significant for the elderly to reduce the risk of chronic disease complications and COVID-19 infection and to decrease the chance of critical illness.
