China is experiencing accelerated urbanisation,with a large number of people moving from rural to urban areas[1].It has resulted in large losses in the net primary production(NPP),biodiversity and carbon stocks and an...China is experiencing accelerated urbanisation,with a large number of people moving from rural to urban areas[1].It has resulted in large losses in the net primary production(NPP),biodiversity and carbon stocks and an increase in environmental pollution and CO_(2)emissions[2–4].In 2015,196 countries signed the Paris Agreement and committed to setting long-term goals to jointly manage climate change and reduce their individual emissions,aiming to control the increase in global average temperature from the pre-industrial level to below 2℃and to curtail the temperature rise within 1.5℃till the end of the 21st century[5].China is bolstering its efforts to achieve the climate change mitigation goals and has announced a plan for achieving carbon neutrality by 2060[6].The carbon neutrality goal poses a challenge to the current policies promoting rapid urbanisation across China.展开更多
Asia stands out as a priority for urgent biodiversity conservation due to its large protected areas(PAs)and threatened species.Since the 21st century,both the highlands and lowlands of Asia have been experiencing the ...Asia stands out as a priority for urgent biodiversity conservation due to its large protected areas(PAs)and threatened species.Since the 21st century,both the highlands and lowlands of Asia have been experiencing the dramatic human expansion.However,the threat degree of human expansion to biodiversity is poorly understood.Here,the threat degree of human expansion to biodiversity over 2000 to 2020 in Asia at the continental(Asia),national(48 Asian countries),and hotspot(6,502 Asian terrestrial PAs established before 2000)scales is investigated by integrating multiple large-scale data.The results show that human expansion poses widespread threat to biodiversity in Asia,especially in Southeast Asia,with Malaysia,Cambodia,and Vietnam having the largest threat degrees(~1.5 to 1.7 times of the Asian average level).Human expansion in highlands induces higher threats to biodiversity than that in lowlands in one-third Asian countries(most Southeast Asian countries).The regions with threats to biodiversity are present in~75%terrestrial PAs(including 4,866 PAs in 26 countries),and human expansion in PAs triggers higher threat degrees to biodiversity than that in non-PAs.Our findings provide novel insight for the Sustainable Development Goal 15(SDG-15 Life on Land)and suggest that human expansion in Southeast Asian countries and PAs might hinder the realization of SDG-15.To reduce the threat degree,Asian developing countries should accelerate economic transformation,and the developed countries in the world should reduce the demands for commodity trade in Southeast Asian countries(i.e.,trade leading to the loss of wildlife habitats)to alleviate human expansion,especially in PAs and highlands.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42201319,42001281,42201347 and 42001324)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515011946 and 2023A1515011216)+1 种基金the Open Funding Project of the Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application,Ministry of Natural Resources(MESTA-2021-B003)Independent Research Project of Guangming Laboratory Project:Moonshot Carbon Credit Rating Driven by AI and Remote Sensing Big Data(23400002)。
文摘China is experiencing accelerated urbanisation,with a large number of people moving from rural to urban areas[1].It has resulted in large losses in the net primary production(NPP),biodiversity and carbon stocks and an increase in environmental pollution and CO_(2)emissions[2–4].In 2015,196 countries signed the Paris Agreement and committed to setting long-term goals to jointly manage climate change and reduce their individual emissions,aiming to control the increase in global average temperature from the pre-industrial level to below 2℃and to curtail the temperature rise within 1.5℃till the end of the 21st century[5].China is bolstering its efforts to achieve the climate change mitigation goals and has announced a plan for achieving carbon neutrality by 2060[6].The carbon neutrality goal poses a challenge to the current policies promoting rapid urbanisation across China.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(42201319)the Basic Research Project of Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee(JCYJ20180507182022554)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71961137003,41890854,and 62102268)the Shenzhen Polytechnic Youth Innovation Project(6021310008K)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M702231)the Basic and Applied Basic Research Funding Program of Guangdong Province of China(2019A1515110303).
文摘Asia stands out as a priority for urgent biodiversity conservation due to its large protected areas(PAs)and threatened species.Since the 21st century,both the highlands and lowlands of Asia have been experiencing the dramatic human expansion.However,the threat degree of human expansion to biodiversity is poorly understood.Here,the threat degree of human expansion to biodiversity over 2000 to 2020 in Asia at the continental(Asia),national(48 Asian countries),and hotspot(6,502 Asian terrestrial PAs established before 2000)scales is investigated by integrating multiple large-scale data.The results show that human expansion poses widespread threat to biodiversity in Asia,especially in Southeast Asia,with Malaysia,Cambodia,and Vietnam having the largest threat degrees(~1.5 to 1.7 times of the Asian average level).Human expansion in highlands induces higher threats to biodiversity than that in lowlands in one-third Asian countries(most Southeast Asian countries).The regions with threats to biodiversity are present in~75%terrestrial PAs(including 4,866 PAs in 26 countries),and human expansion in PAs triggers higher threat degrees to biodiversity than that in non-PAs.Our findings provide novel insight for the Sustainable Development Goal 15(SDG-15 Life on Land)and suggest that human expansion in Southeast Asian countries and PAs might hinder the realization of SDG-15.To reduce the threat degree,Asian developing countries should accelerate economic transformation,and the developed countries in the world should reduce the demands for commodity trade in Southeast Asian countries(i.e.,trade leading to the loss of wildlife habitats)to alleviate human expansion,especially in PAs and highlands.
