Neglected and underutilized species of plants(NUS)have been identified by the Food and Agriculture Organization as valuable resources for fighting poverty,hunger and malnutrition as they can help make agricultural pro...Neglected and underutilized species of plants(NUS)have been identified by the Food and Agriculture Organization as valuable resources for fighting poverty,hunger and malnutrition as they can help make agricultural production systems more sustainable and resilient.Adaptation of NUS to changing environments over several millennia has rendered most of these plants resistant to pests and climate change.In this paper,we explore the potential values of some of the Mayan fruit trees justifying conservation efforts in their native habitats.Our research was primarily based on a scoping review using Google Scholar.We considered articles published in English,Spanish and Portuguese.Our review rendered two sets of articles including those focusing on the nutritional and medicinal properties of NUS and their products,and those focusing on their uses in traditional medicine.Both sets of papers strongly support arguments for conservation of NUS.Additionally,our scoping review expands and includes a case study on the conservation of NUS,highlighting the critical role of civil society on how it can spearhead rescue efforts of botanical resources through the creation of what is possibly the first arboretum of its kind in the Americas.Among the project's key selling points was not only the rescue of an important component of Yucatan's cultural heritage but its nutritional value as well as its potential medicinal properties.Our paper is not prescriptive on how to preserve or even commercially exploit NUS.It is intended as a thought-provoking piece on the potential of a One Health approach as a multi-sectoral platform to support conservation efforts,while stimulating greater interest in the subject and encouraging more action from the academic and pharmaceutical sectors as well as civil society.展开更多
Background Primary health care settings and hospitals of low-and middle-income countries have few accessible diagnostic tools and limited laboratory and human resources capacity to identify multiple pathogens with hig...Background Primary health care settings and hospitals of low-and middle-income countries have few accessible diagnostic tools and limited laboratory and human resources capacity to identify multiple pathogens with high accu‑racy.In addition,there is a paucity of information on fever and its underlying aetiology in the adolescent and adult population in East Africa.The purpose of this study was to estimate the pooled prevalence of fever of unidentifed aetiology among adolescent and adult febrile patients seeking health care in East Africa.Methods We pursued a systematic review using readily available electronic databases(i.e.PubMed,Cumulative Index to Nursing&Allied Health Literature,Scopus,Cochrane Library and Web of Science)without language restric‑tion from inception date of the respective databases to October 31,2022.We adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.Identifed studies were screened for relevance.Further analyses based on pre-set eligibility criteria were carried out for fnal inclusion.Two reviewers independently screened and extracted data.Risk of study bias was assessed.Meta-analysis of the prevalence of fever of unidentifed aetiology was performed.Results We identifed 14,029 articles of which 25 were eligible for inclusion,reporting data from 8538 participants.The pooled prevalence of febrile cases with unidentifed aetiology was 64%[95%confdence interval(CI):51–77%,I 2=99.6%]among febrile adolescents and adults in East Africa.For the proportion of patients with identifed aetiol‑ogy,the studies documented bacterial pathogens(human bloodstream infections),bacterial zoonotic pathogens and arboviruses as the main non-malarial causative agents in East Africa.Conclusions Our study provides evidence that almost two-thirds of adolescent and adult febrile patients attending health care facilities in East Africa might receive inappropriate treatments due to unidentifed potential life-threat‑ening fever aetiology.Hence,we call for a comprehensive fever syndromic surveillance to broaden a consequential diferential diagnosis of syndromic fever and to considerably improve the course of patients’disease and treatment outcomes.展开更多
文摘Neglected and underutilized species of plants(NUS)have been identified by the Food and Agriculture Organization as valuable resources for fighting poverty,hunger and malnutrition as they can help make agricultural production systems more sustainable and resilient.Adaptation of NUS to changing environments over several millennia has rendered most of these plants resistant to pests and climate change.In this paper,we explore the potential values of some of the Mayan fruit trees justifying conservation efforts in their native habitats.Our research was primarily based on a scoping review using Google Scholar.We considered articles published in English,Spanish and Portuguese.Our review rendered two sets of articles including those focusing on the nutritional and medicinal properties of NUS and their products,and those focusing on their uses in traditional medicine.Both sets of papers strongly support arguments for conservation of NUS.Additionally,our scoping review expands and includes a case study on the conservation of NUS,highlighting the critical role of civil society on how it can spearhead rescue efforts of botanical resources through the creation of what is possibly the first arboretum of its kind in the Americas.Among the project's key selling points was not only the rescue of an important component of Yucatan's cultural heritage but its nutritional value as well as its potential medicinal properties.Our paper is not prescriptive on how to preserve or even commercially exploit NUS.It is intended as a thought-provoking piece on the potential of a One Health approach as a multi-sectoral platform to support conservation efforts,while stimulating greater interest in the subject and encouraging more action from the academic and pharmaceutical sectors as well as civil society.
文摘Background Primary health care settings and hospitals of low-and middle-income countries have few accessible diagnostic tools and limited laboratory and human resources capacity to identify multiple pathogens with high accu‑racy.In addition,there is a paucity of information on fever and its underlying aetiology in the adolescent and adult population in East Africa.The purpose of this study was to estimate the pooled prevalence of fever of unidentifed aetiology among adolescent and adult febrile patients seeking health care in East Africa.Methods We pursued a systematic review using readily available electronic databases(i.e.PubMed,Cumulative Index to Nursing&Allied Health Literature,Scopus,Cochrane Library and Web of Science)without language restric‑tion from inception date of the respective databases to October 31,2022.We adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.Identifed studies were screened for relevance.Further analyses based on pre-set eligibility criteria were carried out for fnal inclusion.Two reviewers independently screened and extracted data.Risk of study bias was assessed.Meta-analysis of the prevalence of fever of unidentifed aetiology was performed.Results We identifed 14,029 articles of which 25 were eligible for inclusion,reporting data from 8538 participants.The pooled prevalence of febrile cases with unidentifed aetiology was 64%[95%confdence interval(CI):51–77%,I 2=99.6%]among febrile adolescents and adults in East Africa.For the proportion of patients with identifed aetiol‑ogy,the studies documented bacterial pathogens(human bloodstream infections),bacterial zoonotic pathogens and arboviruses as the main non-malarial causative agents in East Africa.Conclusions Our study provides evidence that almost two-thirds of adolescent and adult febrile patients attending health care facilities in East Africa might receive inappropriate treatments due to unidentifed potential life-threat‑ening fever aetiology.Hence,we call for a comprehensive fever syndromic surveillance to broaden a consequential diferential diagnosis of syndromic fever and to considerably improve the course of patients’disease and treatment outcomes.
