Purpose:To quantify differences in nonlinear aspects of performance on a seated visual-motor tracking task between clinically asymptomatic males and females with and without a self-reported mild traumatic brain injury...Purpose:To quantify differences in nonlinear aspects of performance on a seated visual-motor tracking task between clinically asymptomatic males and females with and without a self-reported mild traumatic brain injury history.Methods:Seventy-three individuals with a self-reported concussion history(age:21.40±2.25 years,mean±SD)and 75 without completed the visual-motor tracking task(age:21.50±2.00 years).Participants pressed an index finger against a force sensor,tracing a line across a computer screen(visual-motor tracking).The produced signal's root-mean-square error(RMSE),sample entropy(SampEn,a measure of regularity),and average power(AvP)between 0 and 12 Hz were calculated.Results:Males with a history of 0 or 1 concussion had greater RMSE(worse performance)than females with 0(p<0.0001)and 1 concussion(p=0.052).Additionally,females with 2+concussions exhibited lower SampEn than females with no history(p=0.001)or a history of 1 concussion(p=0.026).Finally,females with 2+concussions had lower 8-12 Hz AvP than males with 2+concussions(p=0.031).Few differences were observed in the male participants.Conclusion:Females with a self-reported history of multiple concussions exhibited lower SampEn in the visual-motor tracking-task force output structure as compared to those with no reported history of concussion and their male counterparts.Lower SampEn and lower power between 8 and12 Hz indicated persistent impairment in visual processing and feed-forward or predictive motor control systems.展开更多
文摘Purpose:To quantify differences in nonlinear aspects of performance on a seated visual-motor tracking task between clinically asymptomatic males and females with and without a self-reported mild traumatic brain injury history.Methods:Seventy-three individuals with a self-reported concussion history(age:21.40±2.25 years,mean±SD)and 75 without completed the visual-motor tracking task(age:21.50±2.00 years).Participants pressed an index finger against a force sensor,tracing a line across a computer screen(visual-motor tracking).The produced signal's root-mean-square error(RMSE),sample entropy(SampEn,a measure of regularity),and average power(AvP)between 0 and 12 Hz were calculated.Results:Males with a history of 0 or 1 concussion had greater RMSE(worse performance)than females with 0(p<0.0001)and 1 concussion(p=0.052).Additionally,females with 2+concussions exhibited lower SampEn than females with no history(p=0.001)or a history of 1 concussion(p=0.026).Finally,females with 2+concussions had lower 8-12 Hz AvP than males with 2+concussions(p=0.031).Few differences were observed in the male participants.Conclusion:Females with a self-reported history of multiple concussions exhibited lower SampEn in the visual-motor tracking-task force output structure as compared to those with no reported history of concussion and their male counterparts.Lower SampEn and lower power between 8 and12 Hz indicated persistent impairment in visual processing and feed-forward or predictive motor control systems.
