The CBF signal pathway is responsible for a significant portion of plant responses to low temperature and freezing.Overexpression of CBF genes in model organisms such as Arabidopsis thaliana enhances abiotic stress to...The CBF signal pathway is responsible for a significant portion of plant responses to low temperature and freezing.Overexpression of CBF genes in model organisms such as Arabidopsis thaliana enhances abiotic stress tolerance but also reduces growth.In addition to these effects,overexpression of the peach(Prunus persica[L.]Batsch)CBF1 gene in transgenic apple(Malus x domestica Borkh.)line T166 also results in early entry into and late exit from dormancy.Although the regulation of dormancy-induction and dormancy-release occur while the CBF regulon is operative in perennial,woody plants,how overexpression of CBF1 affects these dormancy-related changes in gene expression is incompletely understood.The objective of the present study was to characterize global changes in gene expression in peach CBF1-overexpressing and non-transformed apple bark tissues at different states of dormancy via RNA-seq.RNAseq bioinformatics data was confirmed by RT-qPCR on a number of genes.Results indicate that the greatest number of significantly differentially expressed genes(DEGs)occurred in April when dormancy release and bud break normally occur but are delayed in Line T166.Genes involved in storage and inactivation of auxin,GA,and cytokinin were generally upregulated in T166 in April,while those for biosynthesis,uptake or signal transduction were generally downregulated in T166.Genes for cell division and cambial growth were also downregulated in T166 relative to the non-transformed line.These data suggest that overexpression of the peach CBF1 gene impacts growth hormone homeostasis and as a result the activation of growth in the spring,and most likely growth cessation in the fall as well.展开更多
Understanding how root systems modulate shoot system phenotypes is a fundamental question in plant biology and will be useful in developing resilient agricultural crops.Grafting is a common horticultural practice that...Understanding how root systems modulate shoot system phenotypes is a fundamental question in plant biology and will be useful in developing resilient agricultural crops.Grafting is a common horticultural practice that joins the roots(rootstock)of one plant to the shoot(scion)of another,providing an excellent method for investigating how these two organ systems affect each other.In this study,we used the French-American hybrid grapevine‘Chambourcin’(Vitis L.)as a model to explore the rootstock–scion relationship.We examined leaf shape,ion concentrations,and gene expression in‘Chambourcin’grown ungrafted as well as grafted to three different rootstocks(‘SO4’,‘1103P’and‘3309C’)across 2 years and three different irrigation treatments.We found that a significant amount of the variation in leaf shape could be explained by the interaction between rootstock and irrigation.For ion concentrations,the primary source of variation identified was the position of a leaf in a shoot,although rootstock and rootstock by irrigation interaction also explained a significant amount of variation for most ions.Lastly,we found rootstock-specific patterns of gene expression in grafted plants when compared to ungrafted vines.Thus,our work reveals the subtle and complex effect of grafting on‘Chambourcin’leaf morphology,ionomics,and gene expression.展开更多
文摘The CBF signal pathway is responsible for a significant portion of plant responses to low temperature and freezing.Overexpression of CBF genes in model organisms such as Arabidopsis thaliana enhances abiotic stress tolerance but also reduces growth.In addition to these effects,overexpression of the peach(Prunus persica[L.]Batsch)CBF1 gene in transgenic apple(Malus x domestica Borkh.)line T166 also results in early entry into and late exit from dormancy.Although the regulation of dormancy-induction and dormancy-release occur while the CBF regulon is operative in perennial,woody plants,how overexpression of CBF1 affects these dormancy-related changes in gene expression is incompletely understood.The objective of the present study was to characterize global changes in gene expression in peach CBF1-overexpressing and non-transformed apple bark tissues at different states of dormancy via RNA-seq.RNAseq bioinformatics data was confirmed by RT-qPCR on a number of genes.Results indicate that the greatest number of significantly differentially expressed genes(DEGs)occurred in April when dormancy release and bud break normally occur but are delayed in Line T166.Genes involved in storage and inactivation of auxin,GA,and cytokinin were generally upregulated in T166 in April,while those for biosynthesis,uptake or signal transduction were generally downregulated in T166.Genes for cell division and cambial growth were also downregulated in T166 relative to the non-transformed line.These data suggest that overexpression of the peach CBF1 gene impacts growth hormone homeostasis and as a result the activation of growth in the spring,and most likely growth cessation in the fall as well.
基金supported by appropriated funds to USDAARS-GGRU for project 8060-21220-006-00Dsupported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture,and by Michigan State University AgBioResearchsupport from National Science Foundation(NSF)Plant Genome Research Program award DBI#154689,NSF/EPSCoR Cooperative Agreement#IIA-1355423 and BioSNTR which is funded in part by the South Dakota Research and Innovation Center that supported this research.
文摘Understanding how root systems modulate shoot system phenotypes is a fundamental question in plant biology and will be useful in developing resilient agricultural crops.Grafting is a common horticultural practice that joins the roots(rootstock)of one plant to the shoot(scion)of another,providing an excellent method for investigating how these two organ systems affect each other.In this study,we used the French-American hybrid grapevine‘Chambourcin’(Vitis L.)as a model to explore the rootstock–scion relationship.We examined leaf shape,ion concentrations,and gene expression in‘Chambourcin’grown ungrafted as well as grafted to three different rootstocks(‘SO4’,‘1103P’and‘3309C’)across 2 years and three different irrigation treatments.We found that a significant amount of the variation in leaf shape could be explained by the interaction between rootstock and irrigation.For ion concentrations,the primary source of variation identified was the position of a leaf in a shoot,although rootstock and rootstock by irrigation interaction also explained a significant amount of variation for most ions.Lastly,we found rootstock-specific patterns of gene expression in grafted plants when compared to ungrafted vines.Thus,our work reveals the subtle and complex effect of grafting on‘Chambourcin’leaf morphology,ionomics,and gene expression.
