A novel approach,the Algorithmic Root Trait(ART)extraction method,identifies and quantifies computationally-derived plant root traits,revealing latent patterns related to dense root clusters in digital im-ages.Using a...A novel approach,the Algorithmic Root Trait(ART)extraction method,identifies and quantifies computationally-derived plant root traits,revealing latent patterns related to dense root clusters in digital im-ages.Using an ensemble of multiple unsupervised machine learning algorithms and a custom algorithm,27 ARTs were extracted reflecting dense root cluster size and spatial location.These ARTs were then used independently and in combination with Traditional Root Traits(TRTs)to classify wheat genotypes differing in drought tolerance.ART-based models outperformed TRT-only models in drought classification(e.g.,96.3%vs.85.6%accuracy).Combining ARTs and TRTs further improved accuracy to 97.4%.Notably,4 selected ARTs matched the per-formance of all 23 TRTs,offering 5.8×higher information density(0.213 vs.0.037 accuracy/feature).This superiority reflects the ability of ARTs to capture richer,more complex architectural information,evidenced by higher internal variability(35.59±11.41 vs.28.91±14.28 for TRTs)and distinct data structures in multi-variate analyses;PERMANOVA confirmed that ARTs and TRTs provide complementary insights.Validated through experiments in controlled environments and field conditions with wheat drought-tolerant and susceptible genotypes,ART offers a scalable,customisable toolset for high-throughput phenotyping of plant roots.By bridging conventional,visually derived traits with autonomous computational analyses,this method broadens root phenotyping pipelines and underscores the value of harnessing sensor data that transcends human perception.ART thus emerges as a promising framework for revealing hidden features in plant imaging,with broader applications across plant science to deepen our understanding of crop adaptation and resilience.展开更多
基金This study was funded by Agriculture Victoria Research,Victoria state government,Australia.
文摘A novel approach,the Algorithmic Root Trait(ART)extraction method,identifies and quantifies computationally-derived plant root traits,revealing latent patterns related to dense root clusters in digital im-ages.Using an ensemble of multiple unsupervised machine learning algorithms and a custom algorithm,27 ARTs were extracted reflecting dense root cluster size and spatial location.These ARTs were then used independently and in combination with Traditional Root Traits(TRTs)to classify wheat genotypes differing in drought tolerance.ART-based models outperformed TRT-only models in drought classification(e.g.,96.3%vs.85.6%accuracy).Combining ARTs and TRTs further improved accuracy to 97.4%.Notably,4 selected ARTs matched the per-formance of all 23 TRTs,offering 5.8×higher information density(0.213 vs.0.037 accuracy/feature).This superiority reflects the ability of ARTs to capture richer,more complex architectural information,evidenced by higher internal variability(35.59±11.41 vs.28.91±14.28 for TRTs)and distinct data structures in multi-variate analyses;PERMANOVA confirmed that ARTs and TRTs provide complementary insights.Validated through experiments in controlled environments and field conditions with wheat drought-tolerant and susceptible genotypes,ART offers a scalable,customisable toolset for high-throughput phenotyping of plant roots.By bridging conventional,visually derived traits with autonomous computational analyses,this method broadens root phenotyping pipelines and underscores the value of harnessing sensor data that transcends human perception.ART thus emerges as a promising framework for revealing hidden features in plant imaging,with broader applications across plant science to deepen our understanding of crop adaptation and resilience.
