Wood is mainly made up of cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin polymers and other organic and inorganic substances, making it susceptible to deteriorate by various biological agents. Tectona grandis L.f. (Teak) is a timb...Wood is mainly made up of cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin polymers and other organic and inorganic substances, making it susceptible to deteriorate by various biological agents. Tectona grandis L.f. (Teak) is a timberspecies with high resistance to biological deterioration, valued for its durability, beauty, and mechanical resistance.The purpose of this work was to evaluate the antifungal activity of crude extracts from teak on various fungi thatcause wood deterioration. For this, Teak heartwood was obtained, then fragmented and pulverized until obtaininga flour which was used for compounds extraction using the Soxhlet technique coupled to a rotary evaporatorthrough solvents of increasing polarity (hexane, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, and acetone). The extractsobtained were tested against fungal organisms collected in the field, and the LC50 was determined using teak crudeextracts on Artemia salina as a biological model. The results obtained showed that a high flour yield was obtainedwith hexane (0.951 g), followed by tetrahydrofuran (0.446 g), dichloromethane (0.348 g), and acetone (0.152 g). Byusing nine fungal organisms that predominantly correspond to the genus Aspergillus, the extractable compoundswere tested, inhibiting 25% of mycelial growth with tetrahydrofuran (T. versicolor), and 40.9% with dichloromethane(G. trabeum). Likewise, the biological model of A. salina showed an LC50 of 84.9 μg/mL with hexane, 43.3 μg/mLwith dichloromethane, 59.6 μg/mL with tetrahydrofuran, and 54.7 μg/mL with acetone. For this reason, it is concluded that Teak wood contains many extractable compounds in relation to its weight, besides having antimicrobialactivity when extracted through polar compounds such as dichloromethane and tetrahydrofuran.展开更多
Wood is an organic material that is a source of carbon of organisms called Wood-decay fungi,and to preserve the wood,various toxic compounds to man and the environment have been used.To analyze the effect of N,NDimeth...Wood is an organic material that is a source of carbon of organisms called Wood-decay fungi,and to preserve the wood,various toxic compounds to man and the environment have been used.To analyze the effect of N,NDimethylhexadecylamine(DMHDA)on wood attacked by the rotting fungus Trametes versicolor L.We used an in vitro system to expose the fungus T.versicolor to different concentrations of the DMHDA(50,150 and 450µM).We quantified the diameter of mycelial growth and laccase activity,also,under these experimental conditions we studied morphological details of the organisms using different scanning equipment including scanning electron microscopy.The growth of T.versicolor exposed to DMHDA for 60 days,showed a concentration-dependent dose behavior,also,the electron microscopy analysis revealed that the morphology and mycelial density was affected by the DMHDA,showing a formation of atypical morphological and thickener folds.Finally,the pieces of wood treated with DMHDA and exposed to the fungus had a lower mass loss,after a period of 60 days of exposure,the values obtained were 0.7,1.0 and 0.5 g of mass lost for the control,LoC and LoDMHDA treatments respectively.Wood-rot fungi have represented economic losses worldwide,the strategies used have been supported by toxic compounds for the environment.The DMHDA both in the Petri dish system and as a wood preservative was shown to significantly inhibit the growth of T.versicolor.展开更多
基金Thanks to CONACYT for the scholarship granted(2019-000002-01NACF-13536).
文摘Wood is mainly made up of cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin polymers and other organic and inorganic substances, making it susceptible to deteriorate by various biological agents. Tectona grandis L.f. (Teak) is a timberspecies with high resistance to biological deterioration, valued for its durability, beauty, and mechanical resistance.The purpose of this work was to evaluate the antifungal activity of crude extracts from teak on various fungi thatcause wood deterioration. For this, Teak heartwood was obtained, then fragmented and pulverized until obtaininga flour which was used for compounds extraction using the Soxhlet technique coupled to a rotary evaporatorthrough solvents of increasing polarity (hexane, dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, and acetone). The extractsobtained were tested against fungal organisms collected in the field, and the LC50 was determined using teak crudeextracts on Artemia salina as a biological model. The results obtained showed that a high flour yield was obtainedwith hexane (0.951 g), followed by tetrahydrofuran (0.446 g), dichloromethane (0.348 g), and acetone (0.152 g). Byusing nine fungal organisms that predominantly correspond to the genus Aspergillus, the extractable compoundswere tested, inhibiting 25% of mycelial growth with tetrahydrofuran (T. versicolor), and 40.9% with dichloromethane(G. trabeum). Likewise, the biological model of A. salina showed an LC50 of 84.9 μg/mL with hexane, 43.3 μg/mLwith dichloromethane, 59.6 μg/mL with tetrahydrofuran, and 54.7 μg/mL with acetone. For this reason, it is concluded that Teak wood contains many extractable compounds in relation to its weight, besides having antimicrobialactivity when extracted through polar compounds such as dichloromethane and tetrahydrofuran.
文摘Wood is an organic material that is a source of carbon of organisms called Wood-decay fungi,and to preserve the wood,various toxic compounds to man and the environment have been used.To analyze the effect of N,NDimethylhexadecylamine(DMHDA)on wood attacked by the rotting fungus Trametes versicolor L.We used an in vitro system to expose the fungus T.versicolor to different concentrations of the DMHDA(50,150 and 450µM).We quantified the diameter of mycelial growth and laccase activity,also,under these experimental conditions we studied morphological details of the organisms using different scanning equipment including scanning electron microscopy.The growth of T.versicolor exposed to DMHDA for 60 days,showed a concentration-dependent dose behavior,also,the electron microscopy analysis revealed that the morphology and mycelial density was affected by the DMHDA,showing a formation of atypical morphological and thickener folds.Finally,the pieces of wood treated with DMHDA and exposed to the fungus had a lower mass loss,after a period of 60 days of exposure,the values obtained were 0.7,1.0 and 0.5 g of mass lost for the control,LoC and LoDMHDA treatments respectively.Wood-rot fungi have represented economic losses worldwide,the strategies used have been supported by toxic compounds for the environment.The DMHDA both in the Petri dish system and as a wood preservative was shown to significantly inhibit the growth of T.versicolor.
