Fungi are eukaryotes that play essential roles in ecosystems.Among fungi,Basidiomycota is one of the major phyla with more than 40,000 described species.We review species diversity of Basidiomycota from five groups wi...Fungi are eukaryotes that play essential roles in ecosystems.Among fungi,Basidiomycota is one of the major phyla with more than 40,000 described species.We review species diversity of Basidiomycota from five groups with different lifestyles or habitats:saprobic in grass/forest litter,wood-decaying,yeast-like,ectomycorrhizal,and plant parasitic.Case studies of Agaricus,Cantharellus,Ganoderma,Gyroporus,Russula,Tricholoma,and groups of lichenicolous yeast-like fungi,rust fungi,and smut fungi are used to determine trends in discovery of biodiversity.In each case study,the number of new species published during 2009–2020 is analysed to determine the rate of discovery.Publication rates differ between taxa and reflect different states of progress for species discovery in different genera.The results showed that lichenicolous yeast-like taxa had the highest publication rate for new species in the past two decades,and it is likely this trend will continue in the next decade.The species discovery rate of plant parasitic basidiomycetes was low in the past ten years,and remained constant in the past 50 years.We also found that the establishment of comprehensive and robust taxonomic systems based on a joint global initiative by mycologists could promote and standardize the recognition of taxa.We estimated that more than 54,000 species of Basidiomycota will be discovered by 2030,and estimate a total of 1.4–4.2 million species of Basidiomycota glob-ally.These numbers illustrate a huge gap between the described and yet unknown diversity in Basidiomycota.展开更多
This paper is the second in a series focused on providing a stable platform for the taxonomy of phytopathogenic fungi.It focuses on 25 phytopathogenic genera:Alternaria,Bipolaris,Boeremia,Botryosphaeria,Calonectria,Co...This paper is the second in a series focused on providing a stable platform for the taxonomy of phytopathogenic fungi.It focuses on 25 phytopathogenic genera:Alternaria,Bipolaris,Boeremia,Botryosphaeria,Calonectria,Coniella,Corticiaceae,Curvularia,Elsinoe,Entyloma,Erythricium,Fomitiporia,Fulviformes,Laetisaria,Limonomyces,Neofabraea,Neofusicoccum,Phaeoacremonium,Phellinotus,Phyllosticta,Plenodomus,Pseudopyricularia,Tilletia,Venturia and Waitea,using recent molecular data,up to date names and the latest taxonomic insights.For each genus a taxonomic background,diversity aspects,species identification and classification based on molecular phylogeny and recommended genetic markers are provided.In this study,varieties of the genus Boeremia have been elevated to species level.Botryosphaeria,Bipolaris,Curvularia,Neofusicoccum and Phyllosticta that were included in the One Stop Shop 1 paper are provided with updated entries,as many new species have been introduced to these genera.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project ID:31961143010,31970010,31470152)CAS Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Microbial Technology of Agriculture(Project ID:KFJ-PTXM-016)+2 种基金Beijing Innovative Consortium of Agriculture Research System(Project ID:BAIC05-2021)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Project ID:2021M693361)and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project ID:32100011)。
文摘Fungi are eukaryotes that play essential roles in ecosystems.Among fungi,Basidiomycota is one of the major phyla with more than 40,000 described species.We review species diversity of Basidiomycota from five groups with different lifestyles or habitats:saprobic in grass/forest litter,wood-decaying,yeast-like,ectomycorrhizal,and plant parasitic.Case studies of Agaricus,Cantharellus,Ganoderma,Gyroporus,Russula,Tricholoma,and groups of lichenicolous yeast-like fungi,rust fungi,and smut fungi are used to determine trends in discovery of biodiversity.In each case study,the number of new species published during 2009–2020 is analysed to determine the rate of discovery.Publication rates differ between taxa and reflect different states of progress for species discovery in different genera.The results showed that lichenicolous yeast-like taxa had the highest publication rate for new species in the past two decades,and it is likely this trend will continue in the next decade.The species discovery rate of plant parasitic basidiomycetes was low in the past ten years,and remained constant in the past 50 years.We also found that the establishment of comprehensive and robust taxonomic systems based on a joint global initiative by mycologists could promote and standardize the recognition of taxa.We estimated that more than 54,000 species of Basidiomycota will be discovered by 2030,and estimate a total of 1.4–4.2 million species of Basidiomycota glob-ally.These numbers illustrate a huge gap between the described and yet unknown diversity in Basidiomycota.
基金funded by the grants of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC Grant Nos.31670027,31460011 and 30870009)the National Research Council of Thailand grants Thailands’Fungal Diversity,Solving Problems and Creating Biotechnological Products(Grant No.61201321016)+11 种基金Taxonomy,Diversity,Phylogeny and Evolution of fungi in Capnodiales(Grant No.61215320024)"the future of specialist fungi in a changing climate:baseline data for generalist and specialist fungi associated with ants,Rhododendron species and Dracena species"(Grant No.DBG6080013)"Impact of climate change on fungal diversity and biogeography in the Greater Mekong Subregion"(RDG6130001)Mae Fah Luang University and University of Mauritius for research supportthe support from Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute(BioISI,FCT/UID/Multi/04046/2013)Associacao Nordesta for field support,Capes-SIU(008/13)and Fundacao de Amparo a Ciencia e Technologia de Pernambuco(FACEPE,APQ-0375-2.03/15)for financial supportthe Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Technologico(CNPq)(307601/2015-3 and 312186/2016-9)for scholarshipsthe University of Queensland Development Fellowships(UQFEL1718905)support from the Department of the Environment and Energy under the Australian Biological Resources Study(Grant No.RG18-43)the Royal Golden Jubilee PhD program under Thailand Research Fund for a personal grant(RGJ scholarship no.PHD/0002/2560)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project ID:NSF31500017 to Huang Zhang)CAS President’s International Fellowship Initiative(PIFI)for funding his postdoctoral research(number 2019PC0008)the National Science Foundation of China and the Chinese Academy of Sciences for financial support under the following grants:41761144055,41771063 and Y4ZK111B01.
文摘This paper is the second in a series focused on providing a stable platform for the taxonomy of phytopathogenic fungi.It focuses on 25 phytopathogenic genera:Alternaria,Bipolaris,Boeremia,Botryosphaeria,Calonectria,Coniella,Corticiaceae,Curvularia,Elsinoe,Entyloma,Erythricium,Fomitiporia,Fulviformes,Laetisaria,Limonomyces,Neofabraea,Neofusicoccum,Phaeoacremonium,Phellinotus,Phyllosticta,Plenodomus,Pseudopyricularia,Tilletia,Venturia and Waitea,using recent molecular data,up to date names and the latest taxonomic insights.For each genus a taxonomic background,diversity aspects,species identification and classification based on molecular phylogeny and recommended genetic markers are provided.In this study,varieties of the genus Boeremia have been elevated to species level.Botryosphaeria,Bipolaris,Curvularia,Neofusicoccum and Phyllosticta that were included in the One Stop Shop 1 paper are provided with updated entries,as many new species have been introduced to these genera.
