Silver nanoparticles with average particles sizes ranging from 2 to 131nm were manipulatively synthesized starting from silver nitrate using different functional group-containing organic modifiers at room temperature....Silver nanoparticles with average particles sizes ranging from 2 to 131nm were manipulatively synthesized starting from silver nitrate using different functional group-containing organic modifiers at room temperature. The effects of the organic modifiers on the morphology of the resulting silver nanoparticles were strongly dependent on the intrinsic properties of the functional groups and the reducibility of the reductant. Numerous ether bonds （-0-）present in polyethylene glycol and Tween-80 were beneficial to the formation of silver nanoparticles with particle sizes of several nanometers in a narrow size distribution in both weak and strong reducing environments. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide induced the formation of nanosized silver triangle plates in a weak reducing environment. The crystal growth of the silver nanoparticles with particle sizes of more than lOnm was postulated through an adhesion process of small-sized particles followed by a subsequent coalescence process under the present reaction conditions.展开更多
In this paper, operation characteristic of condensate polishing system is studied during startup, based on generator blowdown limit, given limit ion concentration in condensate during condenser leakage. Further give c...In this paper, operation characteristic of condensate polishing system is studied during startup, based on generator blowdown limit, given limit ion concentration in condensate during condenser leakage. Further give conclusion about condensate polishing system configuration and operation requirement： full flow condensate polishing system （CPS） is necessary to the units cooled by sea water, and it is better that one or two series put in service during normal operation other than all of them in hot standby. While continuous condensate tube leakage is 256 L/h, the units cooled by fresh water will be shutdown immediately, for this level leakage, whichever condensate polishing system capacity is 50% （30%） or 100%, action level 2 will be preformed, so 50% （30%） is enough for fresh water cooled units.展开更多
文摘Silver nanoparticles with average particles sizes ranging from 2 to 131nm were manipulatively synthesized starting from silver nitrate using different functional group-containing organic modifiers at room temperature. The effects of the organic modifiers on the morphology of the resulting silver nanoparticles were strongly dependent on the intrinsic properties of the functional groups and the reducibility of the reductant. Numerous ether bonds （-0-）present in polyethylene glycol and Tween-80 were beneficial to the formation of silver nanoparticles with particle sizes of several nanometers in a narrow size distribution in both weak and strong reducing environments. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide induced the formation of nanosized silver triangle plates in a weak reducing environment. The crystal growth of the silver nanoparticles with particle sizes of more than lOnm was postulated through an adhesion process of small-sized particles followed by a subsequent coalescence process under the present reaction conditions.
文摘In this paper, operation characteristic of condensate polishing system is studied during startup, based on generator blowdown limit, given limit ion concentration in condensate during condenser leakage. Further give conclusion about condensate polishing system configuration and operation requirement： full flow condensate polishing system （CPS） is necessary to the units cooled by sea water, and it is better that one or two series put in service during normal operation other than all of them in hot standby. While continuous condensate tube leakage is 256 L/h, the units cooled by fresh water will be shutdown immediately, for this level leakage, whichever condensate polishing system capacity is 50% （30%） or 100%, action level 2 will be preformed, so 50% （30%） is enough for fresh water cooled units.
