The authors report the results of aethalometer black carbon(BC)aerosol measurements carried out over a rural(pristine)site,Panchgaon,Haryana State,India during the winter months of 2021-2022 and 2022-2023.They are com...The authors report the results of aethalometer black carbon(BC)aerosol measurements carried out over a rural(pristine)site,Panchgaon,Haryana State,India during the winter months of 2021-2022 and 2022-2023.They are compared with collocated and concurrent observations from the Air Quality Monitoring Station(AQMS),which provides synchronous air pollution and surface meteorological parameters.Secular variations in BC mass concentration are studied and explained with variations in local meteorological parameters.The biomass burning fire count retrievals from NASA-NOAA VIIRS satellite,and backward airmass trajectories from NOAA-ERL HYSPLIT Model analysis have also been utilized to explain the findings.They reveal that the north-west Indian region contributes maximum to the BC mass concentration over the study site during the study period.Moreover,the observed BC mass concentrations corroborate the synchronous fire count,primary and secondary pollutant concentrations.The results were found to aid the development of mitigation methods to achieve a sustainable climate system.展开更多
Aluminum alloy base surface hybrid composites were fabricated by incorporating with mixture of （SiC＋Gr） and （SiC＋Al2O3） particles of 20 μm in average size on an aluminum alloy 6061-T6 plate using friction stir ...Aluminum alloy base surface hybrid composites were fabricated by incorporating with mixture of （SiC＋Gr） and （SiC＋Al2O3） particles of 20 μm in average size on an aluminum alloy 6061-T6 plate using friction stir processing （FSP）. Microstructures of both the surface hybrid composites revealed that SiC, Gr and Al2O3 are uniformly dispersed in the nugget zone （NZ）. It was observed that the addition of Gr particles rather than Al2O3 particles with SiC particles, decreases the microhardness but immensely increases the dry sliding wear resistance of aluminum alloy 6061-T6 surface hybrid composite. The observed microhardness and wear properties are correlated with microstructures and worn micrographs.展开更多
In this article upconversion luminescence of silver nanoparticles（AgNPs） coated NaYF4：Er3＋/Yb3＋phosphor nano-particles was investigated.The prepared samples were characterized through various techniques.The surfa...In this article upconversion luminescence of silver nanoparticles（AgNPs） coated NaYF4：Er3＋/Yb3＋phosphor nano-particles was investigated.The prepared samples were characterized through various techniques.The surface plasmon band is observed for prepared AgNPs by analyzing UV-vis measurements and is used to enhance the upconversion emission.From the upconversion measurement the emission bands are observed at 522,546,and 656 nm corresponding to the 2 H11/2→ 4115/2,4 S3/2→4 I15/2and 4 F9/2→4 I15/2 levels,respectively.The upconversion emission intensity of the above bands is found to enhance for sample containing 1 mmol AgNPs.Decay time of 4 S3/2 and 4F9/2 levels is found to decrease on coating of AgNPs and hence intensity enhancement is assumed due to the surface plasmon resonance（SPR） effect.展开更多
The influence of three factors, such as volume percentage of reinforcement particles(i.e. Al2O3), tool tilt angle and concave angle of shoulder, on the mechanical properties of Cue Al2O3 surface composites fabricated ...The influence of three factors, such as volume percentage of reinforcement particles(i.e. Al2O3), tool tilt angle and concave angle of shoulder, on the mechanical properties of Cue Al2O3 surface composites fabricated via friction stir processing was studied. Taguchi method was used to optimize these factors for maximizing the mechanical properties of surface composites. The fabricated surface composites were examined by optical microscope for dispersion of reinforcement particles. It was found that Al2O3 particles are uniformly dispersed in the stir zone. The tensile properties of the surface composites increased with the increase in the volume percentage of the Al2O3 reinforcement particles.This is due to the addition of the reinforcement particles which increases the temperature of recrystallization by pinning the grain boundaries of the copper matrix and blocking the movement of the dislocations. The observed mechanical properties are correlated with microstructure and fracture features.展开更多
In this paper, an efficient technique for optimal design of digital infinite impulse response （IIR） filter with minimum passband error （ep）, minimum stopband error （es）, high stopband attenuation （As）, and als...In this paper, an efficient technique for optimal design of digital infinite impulse response （IIR） filter with minimum passband error （ep）, minimum stopband error （es）, high stopband attenuation （As）, and also free from limit cycle effect is proposed using cuckoo search （CS） algorithm. In the proposed method, error function, which is multi-model and non-differentiable in the heuristic surface, is constructed as the mean squared difference between the designed and desired response in frequency domain, and is optimized using CS algorithm. Computational efficiency of the proposed technique for exploration in search space is examined, and during exploration, stability of filter is maintained by considering lattice representation of the denominator polynomials, which requires less computational complexity as well as it improves the exploration ability in search space for designing higher filter taps. A comparative study of the proposed method with other algorithms is made, and the obtained results show that 90% reduction in errors is achieved using the proposed method. However, computational complexity in term of CPU time is increased as compared to other existing algorithms.展开更多
The effect of substrate and annealing temperatures on mechanical properties of Ti-rich NiTi films deposited on Si （100） substrates by DC magnetron sputtering was studied by nanoindentation.NiTi films were deposited ...The effect of substrate and annealing temperatures on mechanical properties of Ti-rich NiTi films deposited on Si （100） substrates by DC magnetron sputtering was studied by nanoindentation.NiTi films were deposited at two substrate temperatures viz.300 and 400 ℃.NiTi films deposited at 300 ℃ were annealed for 4 h at four different temperatures,i.e.300,400,500 and 600 C whereas films deposited at 400 ℃ were annealed for 4 h at three different temperatures,i.e.400,500 and 600 ℃.The elastic modulus and hardness of the films were found to be the same in the as-deposited as well as annealed conditions for both substrate temperatures.For a given substrate temperature,the hardness and elastic modulus were found to remain unchanged as long as the films were amorphous.However,both elastic modulus and hardness showed an increase with increasing annealing temperature as the films become crystalline.The results were explained on the basis of the change in microstructure of the film with change in annealing temperature.展开更多
In total 36 superior clones of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb., screened from 300 selections conducted in natural and growing range of India and Nepal, were multiplied using single nodal cuttings and estab- lished to evaluate ...In total 36 superior clones of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb., screened from 300 selections conducted in natural and growing range of India and Nepal, were multiplied using single nodal cuttings and estab- lished to evaluate genotypexenvironmental interactions for adaptability and stability at the age of 30 months in three geographical locations in the state of Punjab, India. Clone 124 had maximum adaptability and stability （bi = 1.04） to perform exceedingly well over the locations. Clones 36 and 1 were stable with mean regression coefficient of 0.84 and 1.22, respectively. Nonetheless, clone 4 1 performed exceedingly well for all the characters to attain maximum population mean, and the perform- ance varied substantially across the locations. Therefore, clone 41 was considered as productive but non-adaptive clone. Though some of the clones were sensitive to sites, 14 clones for height, 16 for collar diameter, 12 for DBH and 7 for volume were relatively un-sensitive with higher regression coefficient. Nonetheless, clone 124 was the most Stable with average bi value of 1.04 and productive, which could play an important role in future breeding and commercial deployment of stable and produc- tive planting stock of Dalbergia sissoo.展开更多
The studies related to place of origin, domestication and ploidy of plant species are be-coming more important due to changing global climatic conditions. Crops now adapted toa specific climatic zone might be replaced...The studies related to place of origin, domestication and ploidy of plant species are be-coming more important due to changing global climatic conditions. Crops now adapted toa specific climatic zone might be replaced by others under changed agro-climatic condi-tions. There would be an extension of the agricultural zones into semi-arid and desert展开更多
We obtain a deficient cubic spline function which matches the functions with certain area matching oner a greater mesh intervals, and also provides a greater flexibility in replacing area matching as interpolation. We...We obtain a deficient cubic spline function which matches the functions with certain area matching oner a greater mesh intervals, and also provides a greater flexibility in replacing area matching as interpolation. We also study their convergence properties to the interpolating functions.展开更多
The present paper deals with finding of constant occurring in the order of approximation of the function of Lipα(O <α<1) class by using (N, p) operator. Obviously the factor 1/ (1 - α) becomes large when α i...The present paper deals with finding of constant occurring in the order of approximation of the function of Lipα(O <α<1) class by using (N, p) operator. Obviously the factor 1/ (1 - α) becomes large when α is close to 1. We have shown the role of this factor in the constant of approximation.展开更多
The deformation driving tendency of various single particle orbitals near the Fermi surface has been investigated with the lifetime measurements of high spin states in the non-yrast bands of ^(177)Re nucleus.For this ...The deformation driving tendency of various single particle orbitals near the Fermi surface has been investigated with the lifetime measurements of high spin states in the non-yrast bands of ^(177)Re nucleus.For this study,the ^(165)Ho(^(16)O,4n)^(177) Re reaction at a beam energy of 84 MeV was used.Lifetimes of four lowest levels in theπi13/2[660] 1/2^(+)band and four levels in the πd_(5/2)[402]5/2^(+)(α=-1/2) band were measured.The extracted transition quadrupole moments for the πi13/2intruder band showed a sharp increase with increasing level spin,indicating a significant shape transition in the nucleus.The average transitional quadrupole moment(Q_(t)),a measure of deformation,for the πi_(13/2) band was significantly larger(Q_(t)~8.7(6) eb) compared with the πd5/2(Q_(t)~6.3(5) eb) band.To interpret the observed shape changes in the two bands,the experimental transition probabilities for these bands were compared with the re sults obtained from Projected Shell Model(P SM) calculations.展开更多
The excitation function of the 58Ni(n,p)58Co reaction was measured using the well-established neutron activation technique andγ-ray spectroscopy.Neutrons in the energy range of 1.7 to 2.7 MeV were generated using the...The excitation function of the 58Ni(n,p)58Co reaction was measured using the well-established neutron activation technique andγ-ray spectroscopy.Neutrons in the energy range of 1.7 to 2.7 MeV were generated using the 7Li(p,n)reaction.The neutron flux was measured using the standard 115In(n,n’)115mIn monitor reaction.The results of the neutron spectrum averaged cross-section of 58Ni(n,p)58Co reactions were compared with existing cross-section data available in the EXFOR data library as well as with various evaluated data libraries such as ENDF/B-VIII.0,JEFF-3.3,JENDL-4.0,and CENDL-3.2.Theoretical calculations were performed using the nuclear reaction code TALYS.Various nuclear level density(NLD)models were tested,and their results were compared with the present findings.Realistic NLDs were also obtained through the spectral distribution method(SDM).The cross-section results,along with the absolute errors,were obtained by investigating the uncertainty propagation and using the covariance technique.Corrections forγ-ray true coincidence summing,low-energy background neutrons,andγ-ray self attenuation were performed.The experimental cross-section obtained in the present study is consistent with previously published experimental data,evaluated libraries,and theoretical calculations carried out using the TALYS code.展开更多
In this study,we measured the^(58)Ni(n,p)^(58)Co reaction cross section with neutron energies of 1.06,1.86,and 2.85 MeV.The cross section was measured using neutron activation techniques andγ-ray spectroscopy,and it ...In this study,we measured the^(58)Ni(n,p)^(58)Co reaction cross section with neutron energies of 1.06,1.86,and 2.85 MeV.The cross section was measured using neutron activation techniques andγ-ray spectroscopy,and it was compared with cross section data available in the EXFOR.Furthermore,we calculated the covariance matrix of the measured cross section for the aforementioned nuclear reaction.The uncertainties of the theoretical calculation for^(58)Ni(n,p)^(58)Co reaction cross section were calculated via Monte Carlo method.In this study,we used uncertainties in the optical model and level density parameters to calculate uncertainties in the theoretical cross sections.The theoretical calculations were performed by using TALYS-1.96.In this study,we aim to analyze the effect of uncertainties of the nuclear model input as well as different experimental variables used to obtain the values of reaction cross section.展开更多
Experimentally measured neutron activation cross sections are presented for the^(65)Cu(n,α)^(62m)Cu,^(41)K(n,α)^(38)Cl,and^(65)Cu(n,2n)^(64)Cu reactions with detailed uncertainty propagation.The neutron cross sectio...Experimentally measured neutron activation cross sections are presented for the^(65)Cu(n,α)^(62m)Cu,^(41)K(n,α)^(38)Cl,and^(65)Cu(n,2n)^(64)Cu reactions with detailed uncertainty propagation.The neutron cross sections were measured at an incident energy of 14.92±0.02 MeV,and the neutrons were based on the t(d,n)αfusion reaction.The^(27)Al(n,α)^(24)Na reaction was used as a reference reaction for the normalization of the neutron flux.The pre-calibrated lead-shielded HPGe detector was used to detect the residues'γ-ray spectra.The data from the measured cross sections are compared to the previously measured cross sections from the EXFOR database,theoretically calculated cross sections using the TALYS and EMPIRE codes,and evaluated nuclear data.展开更多
Extracellular vesicles or exosomes are membrane encapsulated biological nanometric particles secreted virtually by all types of cells throughout the animal kingdom.Tey carry a cargo of active molecules to proximal and...Extracellular vesicles or exosomes are membrane encapsulated biological nanometric particles secreted virtually by all types of cells throughout the animal kingdom.Tey carry a cargo of active molecules to proximal and distal cells of the body as mechanism of physiological communication,to maintain natural homeostasis as well as pathological responses.Exosomes carry a tremendous potential for liquid biopsy and therapeutic applications.Tus,there is a global demand for simple and robust exosome isolation methods amenable to point-of-care diagnosis and quality control of therapeutic exosome manufacturing.Tis can be achieved by molecular profling of the exosomes for use with specifc sets of molecular-markers for diagnosis and quality control.Liquid biopsy is undoubtedly the most promising diagnosis process to advance“personalized medicine.”Currently,liquid biopsy is based on circulating cancer cells,cell free-DNA,or exosomes.Exosomes potentially provide promise for early-stage diagnostic possibility;in order to facilitate superior diagnosis and isolation of exosomes,a novel platform is developed to detect and capture them,based on localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR)of gold nanoislands,through strong afnity between exosomes and peptide called Venceremin or Vn96.Physical modeling,based on the characteristics of the gold nanoislands and the bioentities involved in the sensing,is also developed to determine the detection capability of the platform,which is optimized experimentally at each stage.Preliminary results and modeling present a relationship between the plasmonic shif and the concentration of exosomes and,essentially,indicate possibilities for label-free early diagnosis.展开更多
Experimentally measured neutron activation cross sections are presented for the ^(65)Cu(n,0)^(62m)Cu,^(41) K(n,a)^(38C)l,and ^(65)Cu(n.2n)^(64)Cu reactions with detailed uncertainty propagation.The neutron cross secio...Experimentally measured neutron activation cross sections are presented for the ^(65)Cu(n,0)^(62m)Cu,^(41) K(n,a)^(38C)l,and ^(65)Cu(n.2n)^(64)Cu reactions with detailed uncertainty propagation.The neutron cross secions were measured at an incident energy of 14.92±0.02 MeV,and the neutrons were based on the(d,n)a fusion reaction.The ^(27) Al(n,a)^(24)Na reaction was used as a reference reaction for the normalization of the neutron flux.The pre-calib-rated lead-shielded HPGe detector was used to detect the residues'γ-ray spetra.The data from the measured cross sections are compared to the previously measured cross sections from the EXFOR database,theoretically calculated cross sections using the TALYS and EMPIRE codes,and evaluated nuclear data.展开更多
The neutron deficient Xe nuclei with A≈120 are predicted to have strong octupole correlation at low spins.In the present study,an attempt was made to improve upon the level scheme and also to examine the signatures o...The neutron deficient Xe nuclei with A≈120 are predicted to have strong octupole correlation at low spins.In the present study,an attempt was made to improve upon the level scheme and also to examine the signatures of octupole correlation in^(118)xe via high spin γ-ray spectroscopy.High spin states in^(118)Xe have been populated via the^(93)Nb(^(28)Si,p2n)^(118)Xe fusion-evaporation reaction at a beam energy of 115 MeV provided by the 15 UD pelletron accelerator facility at IUAC,New Delhi.In the experiment,seven newγ-transitions have been found and placed appropriately in the level scheme.A theoretical study using the triaxial projected shell model(TPSM)approach suggests that the first bandcrossing is due to the alignment of two neutrons,and a parallel band tracking the yrast configuration is the γ-band built on the two-quasiparticle state.Enhanced E1 transition rates measured between opposite parity bands involving vh_(11/2)and vd_(5/2)orbitals having△j=△l=3 indicate the presence of octupole correlation in this nucleus.展开更多
文摘The authors report the results of aethalometer black carbon(BC)aerosol measurements carried out over a rural(pristine)site,Panchgaon,Haryana State,India during the winter months of 2021-2022 and 2022-2023.They are compared with collocated and concurrent observations from the Air Quality Monitoring Station(AQMS),which provides synchronous air pollution and surface meteorological parameters.Secular variations in BC mass concentration are studied and explained with variations in local meteorological parameters.The biomass burning fire count retrievals from NASA-NOAA VIIRS satellite,and backward airmass trajectories from NOAA-ERL HYSPLIT Model analysis have also been utilized to explain the findings.They reveal that the north-west Indian region contributes maximum to the BC mass concentration over the study site during the study period.Moreover,the observed BC mass concentrations corroborate the synchronous fire count,primary and secondary pollutant concentrations.The results were found to aid the development of mitigation methods to achieve a sustainable climate system.
文摘Aluminum alloy base surface hybrid composites were fabricated by incorporating with mixture of （SiC＋Gr） and （SiC＋Al2O3） particles of 20 μm in average size on an aluminum alloy 6061-T6 plate using friction stir processing （FSP）. Microstructures of both the surface hybrid composites revealed that SiC, Gr and Al2O3 are uniformly dispersed in the nugget zone （NZ）. It was observed that the addition of Gr particles rather than Al2O3 particles with SiC particles, decreases the microhardness but immensely increases the dry sliding wear resistance of aluminum alloy 6061-T6 surface hybrid composite. The observed microhardness and wear properties are correlated with microstructures and worn micrographs.
基金Project supported by the Indian Institute of Technology(Indian School of Mines),Dhanbad,Indiathe Council of Scientific&Industrial Research(CSIR),New Delhi,India(03(1303)13/EMR)
文摘In this article upconversion luminescence of silver nanoparticles（AgNPs） coated NaYF4：Er3＋/Yb3＋phosphor nano-particles was investigated.The prepared samples were characterized through various techniques.The surface plasmon band is observed for prepared AgNPs by analyzing UV-vis measurements and is used to enhance the upconversion emission.From the upconversion measurement the emission bands are observed at 522,546,and 656 nm corresponding to the 2 H11/2→ 4115/2,4 S3/2→4 I15/2and 4 F9/2→4 I15/2 levels,respectively.The upconversion emission intensity of the above bands is found to enhance for sample containing 1 mmol AgNPs.Decay time of 4 S3/2 and 4F9/2 levels is found to decrease on coating of AgNPs and hence intensity enhancement is assumed due to the surface plasmon resonance（SPR） effect.
文摘The influence of three factors, such as volume percentage of reinforcement particles(i.e. Al2O3), tool tilt angle and concave angle of shoulder, on the mechanical properties of Cue Al2O3 surface composites fabricated via friction stir processing was studied. Taguchi method was used to optimize these factors for maximizing the mechanical properties of surface composites. The fabricated surface composites were examined by optical microscope for dispersion of reinforcement particles. It was found that Al2O3 particles are uniformly dispersed in the stir zone. The tensile properties of the surface composites increased with the increase in the volume percentage of the Al2O3 reinforcement particles.This is due to the addition of the reinforcement particles which increases the temperature of recrystallization by pinning the grain boundaries of the copper matrix and blocking the movement of the dislocations. The observed mechanical properties are correlated with microstructure and fracture features.
文摘In this paper, an efficient technique for optimal design of digital infinite impulse response （IIR） filter with minimum passband error （ep）, minimum stopband error （es）, high stopband attenuation （As）, and also free from limit cycle effect is proposed using cuckoo search （CS） algorithm. In the proposed method, error function, which is multi-model and non-differentiable in the heuristic surface, is constructed as the mean squared difference between the designed and desired response in frequency domain, and is optimized using CS algorithm. Computational efficiency of the proposed technique for exploration in search space is examined, and during exploration, stability of filter is maintained by considering lattice representation of the denominator polynomials, which requires less computational complexity as well as it improves the exploration ability in search space for designing higher filter taps. A comparative study of the proposed method with other algorithms is made, and the obtained results show that 90% reduction in errors is achieved using the proposed method. However, computational complexity in term of CPU time is increased as compared to other existing algorithms.
基金the support of Defence Research Development Organization under Project DMR-275the support of the National Program on Smart Materials (NPSM)
文摘The effect of substrate and annealing temperatures on mechanical properties of Ti-rich NiTi films deposited on Si （100） substrates by DC magnetron sputtering was studied by nanoindentation.NiTi films were deposited at two substrate temperatures viz.300 and 400 ℃.NiTi films deposited at 300 ℃ were annealed for 4 h at four different temperatures,i.e.300,400,500 and 600 C whereas films deposited at 400 ℃ were annealed for 4 h at three different temperatures,i.e.400,500 and 600 ℃.The elastic modulus and hardness of the films were found to be the same in the as-deposited as well as annealed conditions for both substrate temperatures.For a given substrate temperature,the hardness and elastic modulus were found to remain unchanged as long as the films were amorphous.However,both elastic modulus and hardness showed an increase with increasing annealing temperature as the films become crystalline.The results were explained on the basis of the change in microstructure of the film with change in annealing temperature.
文摘In total 36 superior clones of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb., screened from 300 selections conducted in natural and growing range of India and Nepal, were multiplied using single nodal cuttings and estab- lished to evaluate genotypexenvironmental interactions for adaptability and stability at the age of 30 months in three geographical locations in the state of Punjab, India. Clone 124 had maximum adaptability and stability （bi = 1.04） to perform exceedingly well over the locations. Clones 36 and 1 were stable with mean regression coefficient of 0.84 and 1.22, respectively. Nonetheless, clone 4 1 performed exceedingly well for all the characters to attain maximum population mean, and the perform- ance varied substantially across the locations. Therefore, clone 41 was considered as productive but non-adaptive clone. Though some of the clones were sensitive to sites, 14 clones for height, 16 for collar diameter, 12 for DBH and 7 for volume were relatively un-sensitive with higher regression coefficient. Nonetheless, clone 124 was the most Stable with average bi value of 1.04 and productive, which could play an important role in future breeding and commercial deployment of stable and produc- tive planting stock of Dalbergia sissoo.
文摘The studies related to place of origin, domestication and ploidy of plant species are be-coming more important due to changing global climatic conditions. Crops now adapted toa specific climatic zone might be replaced by others under changed agro-climatic condi-tions. There would be an extension of the agricultural zones into semi-arid and desert
文摘We obtain a deficient cubic spline function which matches the functions with certain area matching oner a greater mesh intervals, and also provides a greater flexibility in replacing area matching as interpolation. We also study their convergence properties to the interpolating functions.
文摘The present paper deals with finding of constant occurring in the order of approximation of the function of Lipα(O <α<1) class by using (N, p) operator. Obviously the factor 1/ (1 - α) becomes large when α is close to 1. We have shown the role of this factor in the constant of approximation.
基金Supported by the Science and Education Research Board (SERB) of the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India (CRG/2018/003-495)the financial assistance from the University Grants Commission (UGC), India+1 种基金the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology (Govt. of India) for providing financial assistance under Project (CRG/2019/004960) to carry out a part of the present research workThe financial support provided by the Institute of Eminence (IoE), Delhi University under FRP Grant 2022-23。
文摘The deformation driving tendency of various single particle orbitals near the Fermi surface has been investigated with the lifetime measurements of high spin states in the non-yrast bands of ^(177)Re nucleus.For this study,the ^(165)Ho(^(16)O,4n)^(177) Re reaction at a beam energy of 84 MeV was used.Lifetimes of four lowest levels in theπi13/2[660] 1/2^(+)band and four levels in the πd_(5/2)[402]5/2^(+)(α=-1/2) band were measured.The extracted transition quadrupole moments for the πi13/2intruder band showed a sharp increase with increasing level spin,indicating a significant shape transition in the nucleus.The average transitional quadrupole moment(Q_(t)),a measure of deformation,for the πi_(13/2) band was significantly larger(Q_(t)~8.7(6) eb) compared with the πd5/2(Q_(t)~6.3(5) eb) band.To interpret the observed shape changes in the two bands,the experimental transition probabilities for these bands were compared with the re sults obtained from Projected Shell Model(P SM) calculations.
基金One of the authors(A.H.)sincerely acknowledges the Department of Science and Technology(DST),Government of Indiafor the INSPIRE Fellowship award(No.DST/INSPIRE Fellowship/2019/IF190924)+1 种基金partial support from the SERBwith grants No.SIR/2022/000566 and CRG/2021/000101,respectively。
文摘The excitation function of the 58Ni(n,p)58Co reaction was measured using the well-established neutron activation technique andγ-ray spectroscopy.Neutrons in the energy range of 1.7 to 2.7 MeV were generated using the 7Li(p,n)reaction.The neutron flux was measured using the standard 115In(n,n’)115mIn monitor reaction.The results of the neutron spectrum averaged cross-section of 58Ni(n,p)58Co reactions were compared with existing cross-section data available in the EXFOR data library as well as with various evaluated data libraries such as ENDF/B-VIII.0,JEFF-3.3,JENDL-4.0,and CENDL-3.2.Theoretical calculations were performed using the nuclear reaction code TALYS.Various nuclear level density(NLD)models were tested,and their results were compared with the present findings.Realistic NLDs were also obtained through the spectral distribution method(SDM).The cross-section results,along with the absolute errors,were obtained by investigating the uncertainty propagation and using the covariance technique.Corrections forγ-ray true coincidence summing,low-energy background neutrons,andγ-ray self attenuation were performed.The experimental cross-section obtained in the present study is consistent with previously published experimental data,evaluated libraries,and theoretical calculations carried out using the TALYS code.
基金Project supported by the Scientific and Industrial Research(CSIR)Government of India(File No 09/013(882)/2019-EMR-1)for providing senior research fellowships+1 种基金the IUAC-UGC,Government of India(Sanction No.IUAC/XIII.7/UFR-71353)Institutions of Eminence(Io E)BHU(Grant No.6031)。
文摘In this study,we measured the^(58)Ni(n,p)^(58)Co reaction cross section with neutron energies of 1.06,1.86,and 2.85 MeV.The cross section was measured using neutron activation techniques andγ-ray spectroscopy,and it was compared with cross section data available in the EXFOR.Furthermore,we calculated the covariance matrix of the measured cross section for the aforementioned nuclear reaction.The uncertainties of the theoretical calculation for^(58)Ni(n,p)^(58)Co reaction cross section were calculated via Monte Carlo method.In this study,we used uncertainties in the optical model and level density parameters to calculate uncertainties in the theoretical cross sections.The theoretical calculations were performed by using TALYS-1.96.In this study,we aim to analyze the effect of uncertainties of the nuclear model input as well as different experimental variables used to obtain the values of reaction cross section.
基金UGC-DAE Consortium for scientific research (UGC-DAE-CSR-KC/CRS/19/NP03/0913)SERB-DST, Government of India (CRG/2019/000360)Institutions of Eminence (IoE) BHU (Grant No. 6031)
文摘Experimentally measured neutron activation cross sections are presented for the^(65)Cu(n,α)^(62m)Cu,^(41)K(n,α)^(38)Cl,and^(65)Cu(n,2n)^(64)Cu reactions with detailed uncertainty propagation.The neutron cross sections were measured at an incident energy of 14.92±0.02 MeV,and the neutrons were based on the t(d,n)αfusion reaction.The^(27)Al(n,α)^(24)Na reaction was used as a reference reaction for the normalization of the neutron flux.The pre-calibrated lead-shielded HPGe detector was used to detect the residues'γ-ray spectra.The data from the measured cross sections are compared to the previously measured cross sections from the EXFOR database,theoretically calculated cross sections using the TALYS and EMPIRE codes,and evaluated nuclear data.
基金The authors acknowledge the support of M.Packirisamy from Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC)and Concordia Research Chair and New Brunswick Innovation Foundation(NBIF).
文摘Extracellular vesicles or exosomes are membrane encapsulated biological nanometric particles secreted virtually by all types of cells throughout the animal kingdom.Tey carry a cargo of active molecules to proximal and distal cells of the body as mechanism of physiological communication,to maintain natural homeostasis as well as pathological responses.Exosomes carry a tremendous potential for liquid biopsy and therapeutic applications.Tus,there is a global demand for simple and robust exosome isolation methods amenable to point-of-care diagnosis and quality control of therapeutic exosome manufacturing.Tis can be achieved by molecular profling of the exosomes for use with specifc sets of molecular-markers for diagnosis and quality control.Liquid biopsy is undoubtedly the most promising diagnosis process to advance“personalized medicine.”Currently,liquid biopsy is based on circulating cancer cells,cell free-DNA,or exosomes.Exosomes potentially provide promise for early-stage diagnostic possibility;in order to facilitate superior diagnosis and isolation of exosomes,a novel platform is developed to detect and capture them,based on localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR)of gold nanoislands,through strong afnity between exosomes and peptide called Venceremin or Vn96.Physical modeling,based on the characteristics of the gold nanoislands and the bioentities involved in the sensing,is also developed to determine the detection capability of the platform,which is optimized experimentally at each stage.Preliminary results and modeling present a relationship between the plasmonic shif and the concentration of exosomes and,essentially,indicate possibilities for label-free early diagnosis.
基金the UGC-DAE Consortium for scientific research(UGC-DAE-CSR-KC/CRS/19/NP03/0913)SERB-DST+1 种基金Government of India(CRG/2019/000360)Institutions of Eminence(IoE)BHU(Grant No.6031)。
文摘Experimentally measured neutron activation cross sections are presented for the ^(65)Cu(n,0)^(62m)Cu,^(41) K(n,a)^(38C)l,and ^(65)Cu(n.2n)^(64)Cu reactions with detailed uncertainty propagation.The neutron cross secions were measured at an incident energy of 14.92±0.02 MeV,and the neutrons were based on the(d,n)a fusion reaction.The ^(27) Al(n,a)^(24)Na reaction was used as a reference reaction for the normalization of the neutron flux.The pre-calib-rated lead-shielded HPGe detector was used to detect the residues'γ-ray spetra.The data from the measured cross sections are compared to the previously measured cross sections from the EXFOR database,theoretically calculated cross sections using the TALYS and EMPIRE codes,and evaluated nuclear data.
基金the contribution of the INGA collaboration,which is partially funded by the Department of Science and Technology(DST,GoIproject no.IR/S2/PF-03/2003-I)+4 种基金University Grants Commission(UGC)supported by IUAC,New Delhi(Grant No.IUAC/XIII/7/UFR-63302)financial support from the University Grants Commission(UGC),Indiathe Department of Science and Technology,Govt.of India for providing financial support under Project no.CRG/2019/004960 to carry out a part of the research workthe financial support received from SERB,INDIA under N-PDF scheme vide reference no.PDF/2022/001829
文摘The neutron deficient Xe nuclei with A≈120 are predicted to have strong octupole correlation at low spins.In the present study,an attempt was made to improve upon the level scheme and also to examine the signatures of octupole correlation in^(118)xe via high spin γ-ray spectroscopy.High spin states in^(118)Xe have been populated via the^(93)Nb(^(28)Si,p2n)^(118)Xe fusion-evaporation reaction at a beam energy of 115 MeV provided by the 15 UD pelletron accelerator facility at IUAC,New Delhi.In the experiment,seven newγ-transitions have been found and placed appropriately in the level scheme.A theoretical study using the triaxial projected shell model(TPSM)approach suggests that the first bandcrossing is due to the alignment of two neutrons,and a parallel band tracking the yrast configuration is the γ-band built on the two-quasiparticle state.Enhanced E1 transition rates measured between opposite parity bands involving vh_(11/2)and vd_(5/2)orbitals having△j=△l=3 indicate the presence of octupole correlation in this nucleus.
