<strong>Introduction</strong><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><strong>: </strong></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">According to Mali’s National ...<strong>Introduction</strong><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><strong>: </strong></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">According to Mali’s National Immunization Center, the</span><span style="font-family:""> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Hae</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mophilus influenzae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> b (Hib) vaccine coverage rate was 90% in 2015. Our</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> work aimed to study invasive bacterial infections due to </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Haemophilus influenzae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> type b in children aged 0</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">- 15 years hospitalized in the pediatrics department </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">of the UH-GT</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Method: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">We carried out a retrospective descriptive study</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> from January 2017 to December 2018 (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">i</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. 2 years) among children aged 0</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">15 years and hospitalized for </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Haemophilus influenzae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> type b infection confirmed by culture (blood culture, Cerebro-spinal Fluid, and pleural and skin fluid).</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results</span></b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: </span></b><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Thirty-three cases of Hib infections were collected giving a </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">frequency of 0.2% and the age group 3 months to 3 years was the most</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> affected (72.73%).</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Children who received no vaccine accounted for 21.21%.</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The Cerebro-spinal Fluid culture and other samples (pleural and skin) identified the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">bacterium</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in 100% of cases, against 72.72% in the blood culture</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Meningitis </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">was the most frequent pathology (78.79%) and the lethality was high</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (21.21%).</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Despite the introduction of the Hib vaccine in the routine</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> immunization program in Mali, Hib infections remain with a high lethality linked to meningitis</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span>展开更多
Objective: Pediatric jaundice is caused by various conditions. Although some data is available on this issue, data from Mali is insufficient. The present retrospective observational study was an attempt to determine t...Objective: Pediatric jaundice is caused by various conditions. Although some data is available on this issue, data from Mali is insufficient. The present retrospective observational study was an attempt to determine the etiology of pediatric jaundice in the pediatric department of Gabriel Touré teaching hospital in Bamako, Mali. Methods: We reviewed all pediatric patients with jaundice who were hospitalized and treated in this department </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">during</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> January 1 to December 31, 2016 (n = 168). Result: Pediatric jaundice patients accounted for 1.88% of the hospitalized patients, with </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">median</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> age of 6 years and </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">male</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">/female ratio being 1.6. Infectious, cholestatic, and hemolytic jaundice accounted for 75%, 11% </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 10%, respectively. Malaria and sickle cell disease accounted for 67% and 9%, respectively. Hepatomegaly and splenomegaly were observed in 49 (29%) and 23 (13.7%) patients, respectively. Of 168, 9 patients died. Conclusion: Infectious jaundice, especially jaundice due to malaria, was the most frequent. However, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">variety</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of etiologies was observed, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">of</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> which the practitioners should be </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">aware</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. The observation presented here may become fundamental data in health-policy making in this area.展开更多
Alumina specimens were joined together with thin aluminium interlayer at 750 and 900°C under different applied pressures and holding time in air. Flexural strength of the joints was then measured using a standard...Alumina specimens were joined together with thin aluminium interlayer at 750 and 900°C under different applied pressures and holding time in air. Flexural strength of the joints was then measured using a standard four-point bend test method. Characterization of the interface was carried out to correlate the increase in flexural strength with the applied pressure, holding temperature and time. The study showed that the strength of joint is affected by all three parameters, i.e., processing temperature, holding time as well as applied pressure.展开更多
The electrical performance of a photovoltaic (PV) silicon solar cell is described by its current–voltage (I–V) character-istic curve, which is in turn determined by device and material properties. In this study, an ...The electrical performance of a photovoltaic (PV) silicon solar cell is described by its current–voltage (I–V) character-istic curve, which is in turn determined by device and material properties. In this study, an investigation of the performance and device parameters of photovoltaic single crystalline silicon (Si.) solar cell of the construction n+pp++ PESC(Passivatted Emitter Solar Cell) at different conditions of solar irradiance, title angle and mirror boosting effects had been studied. Also the paper reports on the performance data of the Si. cell, using standard I–V characteristic curves to obtain output parameters and to show that there are possible performance degrading defects presents.展开更多
文摘<strong>Introduction</strong><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><strong>: </strong></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">According to Mali’s National Immunization Center, the</span><span style="font-family:""> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Hae</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mophilus influenzae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> b (Hib) vaccine coverage rate was 90% in 2015. Our</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> work aimed to study invasive bacterial infections due to </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Haemophilus influenzae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> type b in children aged 0</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">- 15 years hospitalized in the pediatrics department </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">of the UH-GT</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Method: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">We carried out a retrospective descriptive study</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> from January 2017 to December 2018 (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">i</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. 2 years) among children aged 0</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">15 years and hospitalized for </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Haemophilus influenzae</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> type b infection confirmed by culture (blood culture, Cerebro-spinal Fluid, and pleural and skin fluid).</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results</span></b><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: </span></b><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Thirty-three cases of Hib infections were collected giving a </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">frequency of 0.2% and the age group 3 months to 3 years was the most</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> affected (72.73%).</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Children who received no vaccine accounted for 21.21%.</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The Cerebro-spinal Fluid culture and other samples (pleural and skin) identified the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">bacterium</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in 100% of cases, against 72.72% in the blood culture</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Meningitis </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">was the most frequent pathology (78.79%) and the lethality was high</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (21.21%).</span></span><span style="font-family:""> </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Despite the introduction of the Hib vaccine in the routine</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> immunization program in Mali, Hib infections remain with a high lethality linked to meningitis</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.</span>
文摘Objective: Pediatric jaundice is caused by various conditions. Although some data is available on this issue, data from Mali is insufficient. The present retrospective observational study was an attempt to determine the etiology of pediatric jaundice in the pediatric department of Gabriel Touré teaching hospital in Bamako, Mali. Methods: We reviewed all pediatric patients with jaundice who were hospitalized and treated in this department </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">during</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> January 1 to December 31, 2016 (n = 168). Result: Pediatric jaundice patients accounted for 1.88% of the hospitalized patients, with </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">median</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> age of 6 years and </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">male</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">/female ratio being 1.6. Infectious, cholestatic, and hemolytic jaundice accounted for 75%, 11% </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 10%, respectively. Malaria and sickle cell disease accounted for 67% and 9%, respectively. Hepatomegaly and splenomegaly were observed in 49 (29%) and 23 (13.7%) patients, respectively. Of 168, 9 patients died. Conclusion: Infectious jaundice, especially jaundice due to malaria, was the most frequent. However, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">variety</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of etiologies was observed, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">of</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> which the practitioners should be </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">aware</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. The observation presented here may become fundamental data in health-policy making in this area.
文摘Alumina specimens were joined together with thin aluminium interlayer at 750 and 900°C under different applied pressures and holding time in air. Flexural strength of the joints was then measured using a standard four-point bend test method. Characterization of the interface was carried out to correlate the increase in flexural strength with the applied pressure, holding temperature and time. The study showed that the strength of joint is affected by all three parameters, i.e., processing temperature, holding time as well as applied pressure.
文摘The electrical performance of a photovoltaic (PV) silicon solar cell is described by its current–voltage (I–V) character-istic curve, which is in turn determined by device and material properties. In this study, an investigation of the performance and device parameters of photovoltaic single crystalline silicon (Si.) solar cell of the construction n+pp++ PESC(Passivatted Emitter Solar Cell) at different conditions of solar irradiance, title angle and mirror boosting effects had been studied. Also the paper reports on the performance data of the Si. cell, using standard I–V characteristic curves to obtain output parameters and to show that there are possible performance degrading defects presents.
