Background and Objectives: Propofol remains the most common drug for induction of general anaesthesia, although it causes considerable pain on injection. None of the commonly used methods completely attenuate this dis...Background and Objectives: Propofol remains the most common drug for induction of general anaesthesia, although it causes considerable pain on injection. None of the commonly used methods completely attenuate this discomfort. We aimed to investigate the effect of i.v. paracetamol pretreatment on the propofol injection pain. Materials and Methods: A prospective randomized double-blind study was conducted on 180 patients, ASA I or II status, scheduled to undergo elective surgery. They were randomly assigned to one of the three groups of 60 each. Groups I, II, III were pretreated with 40 mg of lidocaine in saline, 100 mg of paracetamol and 10 ml of saline, respectively. All patients had an 18-gauge catheter inserted into a superficial radial vein. After 2 min of venous occlusion, one-fourth of the total propofol dose was injected into the vein over a period of 20 seconds. During the injection of both pretreatment solution and propofol, a blinded researcher assessed the patient’s pain level using a four-point verbal rating scale (VRS) (none = 0, mild = 1, moderate = 2, and severe = 3). X2 test and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for the statistical analysis. For all analyses, differences were considered to be significant at P < 0.05. Results: The three groups were comparable in respect to patient’s characteristics. The incidence of pain on injection of propofol in placebo, i.v. paracetamol and lidocaine groups were 85%, 36%, 21% respectively (p < 0.05). Intensity and severity of propofol induced pain were comparable between paracetamol and lidocaine groups. Conclusion: Pretreatment using i.v. paracetamol was found to be effective in reducing propofol injection-induced pain.展开更多
文摘Background and Objectives: Propofol remains the most common drug for induction of general anaesthesia, although it causes considerable pain on injection. None of the commonly used methods completely attenuate this discomfort. We aimed to investigate the effect of i.v. paracetamol pretreatment on the propofol injection pain. Materials and Methods: A prospective randomized double-blind study was conducted on 180 patients, ASA I or II status, scheduled to undergo elective surgery. They were randomly assigned to one of the three groups of 60 each. Groups I, II, III were pretreated with 40 mg of lidocaine in saline, 100 mg of paracetamol and 10 ml of saline, respectively. All patients had an 18-gauge catheter inserted into a superficial radial vein. After 2 min of venous occlusion, one-fourth of the total propofol dose was injected into the vein over a period of 20 seconds. During the injection of both pretreatment solution and propofol, a blinded researcher assessed the patient’s pain level using a four-point verbal rating scale (VRS) (none = 0, mild = 1, moderate = 2, and severe = 3). X2 test and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for the statistical analysis. For all analyses, differences were considered to be significant at P < 0.05. Results: The three groups were comparable in respect to patient’s characteristics. The incidence of pain on injection of propofol in placebo, i.v. paracetamol and lidocaine groups were 85%, 36%, 21% respectively (p < 0.05). Intensity and severity of propofol induced pain were comparable between paracetamol and lidocaine groups. Conclusion: Pretreatment using i.v. paracetamol was found to be effective in reducing propofol injection-induced pain.
