[Objective] This study was to construct VPDN-based 3G wireless meteorological information transmission system, in order to achieve the backup transmission of real-time meteorological services in all levels of meteorol...[Objective] This study was to construct VPDN-based 3G wireless meteorological information transmission system, in order to achieve the backup transmission of real-time meteorological services in all levels of meteorological stations. [Method] The current situations and business requirements of municipal meteorological networks are analyzed, putting forward the idea of backup routes that using VPDN-based 3G wireless meteorological information transmission system as the ground transmission line. And the network structure, operation mode and the system implementation are described in detail. [Result] VPDN-based 3G wireless meteorological information transmission system realizes the backup of ground line. Compared with the Modem dial-up, it is more stable and with faster transferring speed. With the rapid development of communication technology and computer technology, the information transmission system will be more efficient and stable, and will play a greater role in meteorological information transmission. [Conclusion] With the continuous development of modern meteorology, various types of meteorological data increase, presenting higher demand for the meteorological information transmission system. The established VPND-based 3G wireless meteorological information transmission system of this study provides a solution for backup transmission of real-time meteorological services.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of temperature variation in Zhangqiu City during the past 30 years. [Method] Variation characteristics of average annual maximum temperature, average annual ...[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of temperature variation in Zhangqiu City during the past 30 years. [Method] Variation characteristics of average annual maximum temperature, average annual temperature and average annual minimum temperature in Zhangqiu City during the past 30 years were analyzed by using related temperature data during 1981 -2010 collected from National Meteorological Observation Station in Zhangqiu. [Result] Average annual maximum temperature, average annual temperature and average annual minimum temperature in Zhangqiu City showed an upward trend; average annual minimum temperature showed the most significant increasing tendency, with a tendency rate of 1.347 ℃/10 a; followed by average annual temperature; average annual maximum temperature showed the slowest increasing tendency, with a tendency rate of 0.062 ℃/10 a, indicating that the increase of average annual temperature mainly depended on the contribution of average annual minimum temperature. [Conclusion] This study provides reference and scientific basis for climate change monitoring, diagnosis, assessment, forecast and decision-making in Zhangqiu City.展开更多
提升降水量级预报精度,有助于优化灾害预警与决策支持。选取2018年1月1日至2021年1月山东省逐12 h降水观测数据和欧洲中期天气预报中心(the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting,ECMWF)的集合预报集合平均(Ensemble P...提升降水量级预报精度,有助于优化灾害预警与决策支持。选取2018年1月1日至2021年1月山东省逐12 h降水观测数据和欧洲中期天气预报中心(the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasting,ECMWF)的集合预报集合平均(Ensemble Prediction Ensemble Mean,EPEM)结果进行72 h内逐12 h降水量级预报统计订正,然后对比ECMWF集合平均降水预报插值的原始预报(EC_EPEM)、基于EC_EPEM的输出统计(Model Output Statistics,MOS)预报(EC_EPEM_MOS)、利用最优TS(Threat Score)评分订正(Optimal Threat Score,OTS)预报(EC_EPEM_OTS)的效果。结果表明:EC_EPEM_MOS在较小量级上表现最优,但在大量级上订正效果稍差,甚至略低于EC_EPEM;EC_EPEM_OTS仅在0.1、10 mm量级上低于EC_EPEM_MOS,其他量级均为最优,尤其在较大量级上订正效果更明显。在50、100 mm大量级上,EC_EPEM_OTS在12~72 h时效订正效果均最优,这是由于EC_EPEM_OTS在稍大量级上提高订正系数使得大量级降水漏报率减小,同时对大量级降水使用较小订正系数也减小了空报率。在较小量级降水中短期预报时效除了山东中部山区外EC_EPEM_MOS表现最佳,山区EC_EPEM_OTS最佳;中等以上量级、尤其较大量级降水,山东大部分地区EC_EPEM_OTS表现最佳。EC_EPEM_MOS订正预报有效地减小了EC_EPEM的空报问题。EC_EPEM_OTS的订正效果最佳,在大范围强降雨过程中与实况降雨分布更为接近,降水总体分布把握较好。展开更多
文摘[Objective] This study was to construct VPDN-based 3G wireless meteorological information transmission system, in order to achieve the backup transmission of real-time meteorological services in all levels of meteorological stations. [Method] The current situations and business requirements of municipal meteorological networks are analyzed, putting forward the idea of backup routes that using VPDN-based 3G wireless meteorological information transmission system as the ground transmission line. And the network structure, operation mode and the system implementation are described in detail. [Result] VPDN-based 3G wireless meteorological information transmission system realizes the backup of ground line. Compared with the Modem dial-up, it is more stable and with faster transferring speed. With the rapid development of communication technology and computer technology, the information transmission system will be more efficient and stable, and will play a greater role in meteorological information transmission. [Conclusion] With the continuous development of modern meteorology, various types of meteorological data increase, presenting higher demand for the meteorological information transmission system. The established VPND-based 3G wireless meteorological information transmission system of this study provides a solution for backup transmission of real-time meteorological services.
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of temperature variation in Zhangqiu City during the past 30 years. [Method] Variation characteristics of average annual maximum temperature, average annual temperature and average annual minimum temperature in Zhangqiu City during the past 30 years were analyzed by using related temperature data during 1981 -2010 collected from National Meteorological Observation Station in Zhangqiu. [Result] Average annual maximum temperature, average annual temperature and average annual minimum temperature in Zhangqiu City showed an upward trend; average annual minimum temperature showed the most significant increasing tendency, with a tendency rate of 1.347 ℃/10 a; followed by average annual temperature; average annual maximum temperature showed the slowest increasing tendency, with a tendency rate of 0.062 ℃/10 a, indicating that the increase of average annual temperature mainly depended on the contribution of average annual minimum temperature. [Conclusion] This study provides reference and scientific basis for climate change monitoring, diagnosis, assessment, forecast and decision-making in Zhangqiu City.
