为提高功夫菊酯的缓释性能和应用稳定性,该研究以明胶和阿拉伯胶为壁材,采用复合凝聚法制备了功夫菊酯微胶囊。通过扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)探究复合凝聚条件对功夫菊酯微胶囊形貌的影响规律,并利用模拟释放...为提高功夫菊酯的缓释性能和应用稳定性,该研究以明胶和阿拉伯胶为壁材,采用复合凝聚法制备了功夫菊酯微胶囊。通过扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)探究复合凝聚条件对功夫菊酯微胶囊形貌的影响规律,并利用模拟释放试验和生测(杀虫)试验研究功夫菊酯微胶囊的释放性能和杀虫效果。结果表明,在壁材质量分数为2%,固化温度为15℃,加入交联剂戊二醛的质量为分数为0.8%时,制备的功夫菊酯微胶囊球形形貌规整,表面光滑,分散性良好,外壳破裂较少,包埋率达到89.47%。功夫菊酯微胶囊在甲醇-水溶液中24 h累计释放率仅为58.10%,相对于功夫菊酯乳油(24 h累计释放率为95.33%),表现出明显的缓释性能。功夫菊酯微胶囊对小菜蛾也具有较好的致死作用,在用药后的第3天,功夫菊酯微胶囊的杀虫活性是功夫菊酯乳油杀虫活性的2.02倍。该研究可为解决传统农药利用率低、用量大等问题以及开发新型农药制剂,提供新的思路与方法。展开更多
目的:通过统计学分析,探究利福平耐药实时荧光定量核酸扩增技术(Xpert MTB/RIF)联合结核感染T细胞斑点试验(T-SPOT.TB)对脊柱结核早期诊断的临床价值。方法:通过样本获取,回顾性收集2021年12月至2024年9月于青岛市胸科医院有疑似脊柱结...目的:通过统计学分析,探究利福平耐药实时荧光定量核酸扩增技术(Xpert MTB/RIF)联合结核感染T细胞斑点试验(T-SPOT.TB)对脊柱结核早期诊断的临床价值。方法:通过样本获取,回顾性收集2021年12月至2024年9月于青岛市胸科医院有疑似脊柱结核临床表现的患者65例,经确诊分为脊柱结核组(32例)和非脊柱结核组组(33例)。所有研究对象进行脓液的抗酸杆菌涂片检测、病理组织Xpert MTB/RIF和外周血T-SPOT.TB检测比较各单一检测方法和联合检测的诊断阳性率、阴性率和准确率,采用灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和受试者工作特征曲线对各检测方法的诊断价值进行评价。结果:T-SPOT.TB、Xpert MTB/RIF、T-SPOT.TB与Xpert MTB/RIF串并联检测的阳性率分别为93.75%、81.25%、78.13%和96.88%,远高于涂片抗酸染色的阳性率43.75%。并联检测的阳性率高于串联检测及各单一检测,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。T-SPOT.TB、Xpert MTB/RIF、T-SPOT.TB与Xpert MTB/RIF串并联检测的准确率分别为89.23%、90.77%、89.33%和90.77%,高于涂片抗酸染色的准确率63.08%,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。结论:T-SPOT.TB、Xpert MTB/RIF及其串并联检测用于脊柱结核的诊断相比涂片抗酸染色诊断效能更优,采用两者并联检测的效能最高,但若考虑成本效益,可选择Xpert MTB/RIF单一检测。Objective: To investigate the clinical value of combining Xpert MTB/RIF (rifampicin-resistant real-time fluorescence quantitative nucleic acid amplification detection technology) and T-SPOT.TB (Tuberculosis Infection T-Cell Spot Test) in the early diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis (STB) through statistical analysis. Methods: A retrospective collection was conducted from December 2021 to September 2024 at Qingdao Chest Hospital, involving 65 patients with clinical manifestations suggestive of spinal tuberculosis. After confirmation, the patients were divided into a spinal tuberculosis group (STB, 32 cases) and a non-spinal tuberculosis group (non-STB, 33 cases). All study subjects underwent acid-fast bacillus smear testing of pus, Xpert MTB/RIF testing of pathological tissues, and T-SPOT.TB testing of peripheral blood. The diagnostic positivity rate, negativity rate, and accuracy rate of each single detection method and combined detection were compared. The diagnostic value of each detection method was evaluated using sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: The positive rates of T-SPOT.TB, Xpert MTB/RIF, T-SPOT.TB and Xpert MTB/RIF in series and parallel were 93.75%, 81.25%, 78.13% and 96.88%, respectively, which were significantly higher than that of acid-fast staining of sputum (43.75%). The positive rate of parallel detection was higher than that of series detection and each single detection, with statistically significant differences (P 0.05). The accuracy rates of T-SPOT.TB, Xpert MTB/RIF, T-SPOT.TB and Xpert MTB/RIF in series and parallel were 89.23%, 90.77%, 89.33% and 90.77%, respectively, which were higher than that of acid-fast staining of sputum (63.08%), with statistically significant differences (P 0.05). Conclusion: T-SPOT.TB, Xpert MTB/RIF and their series and parallel detections have better diagnostic efficacy for spinal tuberculosis than acid-fast staining of sputum. The efficacy of parallel detection of the two is the highest, but if cost-effectiveness is considered, Xpert MTB/RIF single detection can be selected.展开更多
文摘为提高功夫菊酯的缓释性能和应用稳定性,该研究以明胶和阿拉伯胶为壁材,采用复合凝聚法制备了功夫菊酯微胶囊。通过扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)探究复合凝聚条件对功夫菊酯微胶囊形貌的影响规律,并利用模拟释放试验和生测(杀虫)试验研究功夫菊酯微胶囊的释放性能和杀虫效果。结果表明,在壁材质量分数为2%,固化温度为15℃,加入交联剂戊二醛的质量为分数为0.8%时,制备的功夫菊酯微胶囊球形形貌规整,表面光滑,分散性良好,外壳破裂较少,包埋率达到89.47%。功夫菊酯微胶囊在甲醇-水溶液中24 h累计释放率仅为58.10%,相对于功夫菊酯乳油(24 h累计释放率为95.33%),表现出明显的缓释性能。功夫菊酯微胶囊对小菜蛾也具有较好的致死作用,在用药后的第3天,功夫菊酯微胶囊的杀虫活性是功夫菊酯乳油杀虫活性的2.02倍。该研究可为解决传统农药利用率低、用量大等问题以及开发新型农药制剂,提供新的思路与方法。
文摘目的:通过统计学分析,探究利福平耐药实时荧光定量核酸扩增技术(Xpert MTB/RIF)联合结核感染T细胞斑点试验(T-SPOT.TB)对脊柱结核早期诊断的临床价值。方法:通过样本获取,回顾性收集2021年12月至2024年9月于青岛市胸科医院有疑似脊柱结核临床表现的患者65例,经确诊分为脊柱结核组(32例)和非脊柱结核组组(33例)。所有研究对象进行脓液的抗酸杆菌涂片检测、病理组织Xpert MTB/RIF和外周血T-SPOT.TB检测比较各单一检测方法和联合检测的诊断阳性率、阴性率和准确率,采用灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和受试者工作特征曲线对各检测方法的诊断价值进行评价。结果:T-SPOT.TB、Xpert MTB/RIF、T-SPOT.TB与Xpert MTB/RIF串并联检测的阳性率分别为93.75%、81.25%、78.13%和96.88%,远高于涂片抗酸染色的阳性率43.75%。并联检测的阳性率高于串联检测及各单一检测,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。T-SPOT.TB、Xpert MTB/RIF、T-SPOT.TB与Xpert MTB/RIF串并联检测的准确率分别为89.23%、90.77%、89.33%和90.77%,高于涂片抗酸染色的准确率63.08%,差异有统计学意义(P 0.05)。结论:T-SPOT.TB、Xpert MTB/RIF及其串并联检测用于脊柱结核的诊断相比涂片抗酸染色诊断效能更优,采用两者并联检测的效能最高,但若考虑成本效益,可选择Xpert MTB/RIF单一检测。Objective: To investigate the clinical value of combining Xpert MTB/RIF (rifampicin-resistant real-time fluorescence quantitative nucleic acid amplification detection technology) and T-SPOT.TB (Tuberculosis Infection T-Cell Spot Test) in the early diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis (STB) through statistical analysis. Methods: A retrospective collection was conducted from December 2021 to September 2024 at Qingdao Chest Hospital, involving 65 patients with clinical manifestations suggestive of spinal tuberculosis. After confirmation, the patients were divided into a spinal tuberculosis group (STB, 32 cases) and a non-spinal tuberculosis group (non-STB, 33 cases). All study subjects underwent acid-fast bacillus smear testing of pus, Xpert MTB/RIF testing of pathological tissues, and T-SPOT.TB testing of peripheral blood. The diagnostic positivity rate, negativity rate, and accuracy rate of each single detection method and combined detection were compared. The diagnostic value of each detection method was evaluated using sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: The positive rates of T-SPOT.TB, Xpert MTB/RIF, T-SPOT.TB and Xpert MTB/RIF in series and parallel were 93.75%, 81.25%, 78.13% and 96.88%, respectively, which were significantly higher than that of acid-fast staining of sputum (43.75%). The positive rate of parallel detection was higher than that of series detection and each single detection, with statistically significant differences (P 0.05). The accuracy rates of T-SPOT.TB, Xpert MTB/RIF, T-SPOT.TB and Xpert MTB/RIF in series and parallel were 89.23%, 90.77%, 89.33% and 90.77%, respectively, which were higher than that of acid-fast staining of sputum (63.08%), with statistically significant differences (P 0.05). Conclusion: T-SPOT.TB, Xpert MTB/RIF and their series and parallel detections have better diagnostic efficacy for spinal tuberculosis than acid-fast staining of sputum. The efficacy of parallel detection of the two is the highest, but if cost-effectiveness is considered, Xpert MTB/RIF single detection can be selected.
