目的探讨低剂量多层螺旋CT(MSCT)联合CT血管成像(CTA)对急性心源性胸痛诊断的价值。方法选取2024年4月至2024年10月我院放射影像科接诊的拟行胸部三联检查的321例急性胸痛患者作为研究对象,根据入组奇偶顺序将患者分为正常剂量组160例...目的探讨低剂量多层螺旋CT(MSCT)联合CT血管成像(CTA)对急性心源性胸痛诊断的价值。方法选取2024年4月至2024年10月我院放射影像科接诊的拟行胸部三联检查的321例急性胸痛患者作为研究对象,根据入组奇偶顺序将患者分为正常剂量组160例和低剂量组161例。正常剂量组采用管电压120 kV、管电流120 mA MSCT扫描联合CTA技术检查,低剂量组采用管电压100 kV、管电流100 mA MACT扫描联合CTA技术检查。比较两组图像质量、放射剂量以及对急性胸痛病因的诊断价值。结果经冠状动脉造影(CAG)、数字减影(DSA)、手术或介入结果证实冠脉狭窄174例、肺动脉栓塞32例、主动脉夹层44例。低剂量组冠状动脉、肺动脉、主动脉的CT值、信噪比、噪声比与正常剂量组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但容积CT剂量指数(CTDIvol)、剂量长度乘积(DLP)、有效剂量(ED)均明显低于正常剂量组(P<0.05)。低剂量组诊断冠脉狭窄、肺动脉栓塞、主动脉夹层准确率分别为91.30%、88.24%、91.30%,正常剂量组分别为92.68%、93.33%、95.24%,两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论低剂量MSCT联合CTA对冠状动脉、肺动脉、主动脉成像质量与正常剂量MSCT扫描接近,并可大幅降低辐射剂量,在急性胸痛病因诊断中具有较高的应用价值。展开更多
介绍了一种可应用于无损抓取、医疗康复等领域的三腔道气动柔性手指,该手指由超弹性硅胶材料Ecoflex-0030x制成,并在操作过程中通过1:1质量比混合均匀固化。通过调节腔道内的气压,实现手指的弯曲变形运动,基于超弹性模型Yeoh和力矩平衡...介绍了一种可应用于无损抓取、医疗康复等领域的三腔道气动柔性手指,该手指由超弹性硅胶材料Ecoflex-0030x制成,并在操作过程中通过1:1质量比混合均匀固化。通过调节腔道内的气压,实现手指的弯曲变形运动,基于超弹性模型Yeoh和力矩平衡原理,计算手指弯曲角度与驱动气压的非线性关系,利用有限元仿真软件(ABAQUS)进行物理环境仿真,采用三维运动捕捉系统采集手指在气压作用下的弯曲轨迹,通过回声状态网络(Echo State Network,ESN)建立其预测模型,以实现手指弯曲角度的高精度预测。通过实验得知,偏转角度的理论与实验结果平均误差小于8.9%,验证了手指运动学模型的准确性。展开更多
在复杂飞行环境中,飞行员决策直接影响航空安全。本研究基于134名飞行学员数据,探讨兴奋易感性对决策犹豫的影响机制。结果表明:1) 兴奋易感性正向预测犹豫不决水平,高敏感个体因认知资源超载更易出现决策延迟;2) 风险感知起部分中介作...在复杂飞行环境中,飞行员决策直接影响航空安全。本研究基于134名飞行学员数据,探讨兴奋易感性对决策犹豫的影响机制。结果表明:1) 兴奋易感性正向预测犹豫不决水平,高敏感个体因认知资源超载更易出现决策延迟;2) 风险感知起部分中介作用,兴奋易感性通过增强风险敏感性诱发过度评估,干扰决策果断性。研究验证了ABC理论模型:高敏感个体在压力下存在“风险感知–情绪唤醒–行为抑制”效应。为飞行员选拔与培训体系提供理论依据。In complex flight environments, the decisiveness of pilots is crucial to aviation safety. This study explored the impact of ease of excitation on pilots’ indecisiveness and examined the mediating role of risk perception between the two. By analyzing scale data from 134 flight trainees, the findings revealed: 1) Pilots’ level of ease of excitation significantly influenced their indecisiveness, with higher sensitivity associated with more pronounced hesitation tendencies;2) Risk perception partially mediated the relationship between ease of excitation and indecisiveness, indicating that ease of excitation not only directly affected indecisiveness but also indirectly influenced decision-making decisiveness by amplifying individuals’ perception of risks. The results supported the ABC theoretical model, suggesting that individuals with high ease of excitation exhibit greater sensitivity to risks, potentially leading to overestimation of threats and impaired decisiveness. This study provides new theoretical insights into individual differences in pilots’ decision-making processes and offers scientific guidance for pilot selection and training. Recommendations include identifying highly sensitive individuals, implementing scenario-based simulations, and fostering psychological resilience to enhance decision-making efficiency in high-risk situations, thereby improving aviation safety.展开更多
文摘目的探讨低剂量多层螺旋CT(MSCT)联合CT血管成像(CTA)对急性心源性胸痛诊断的价值。方法选取2024年4月至2024年10月我院放射影像科接诊的拟行胸部三联检查的321例急性胸痛患者作为研究对象,根据入组奇偶顺序将患者分为正常剂量组160例和低剂量组161例。正常剂量组采用管电压120 kV、管电流120 mA MSCT扫描联合CTA技术检查,低剂量组采用管电压100 kV、管电流100 mA MACT扫描联合CTA技术检查。比较两组图像质量、放射剂量以及对急性胸痛病因的诊断价值。结果经冠状动脉造影(CAG)、数字减影(DSA)、手术或介入结果证实冠脉狭窄174例、肺动脉栓塞32例、主动脉夹层44例。低剂量组冠状动脉、肺动脉、主动脉的CT值、信噪比、噪声比与正常剂量组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但容积CT剂量指数(CTDIvol)、剂量长度乘积(DLP)、有效剂量(ED)均明显低于正常剂量组(P<0.05)。低剂量组诊断冠脉狭窄、肺动脉栓塞、主动脉夹层准确率分别为91.30%、88.24%、91.30%,正常剂量组分别为92.68%、93.33%、95.24%,两组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论低剂量MSCT联合CTA对冠状动脉、肺动脉、主动脉成像质量与正常剂量MSCT扫描接近,并可大幅降低辐射剂量,在急性胸痛病因诊断中具有较高的应用价值。
文摘介绍了一种可应用于无损抓取、医疗康复等领域的三腔道气动柔性手指,该手指由超弹性硅胶材料Ecoflex-0030x制成,并在操作过程中通过1:1质量比混合均匀固化。通过调节腔道内的气压,实现手指的弯曲变形运动,基于超弹性模型Yeoh和力矩平衡原理,计算手指弯曲角度与驱动气压的非线性关系,利用有限元仿真软件(ABAQUS)进行物理环境仿真,采用三维运动捕捉系统采集手指在气压作用下的弯曲轨迹,通过回声状态网络(Echo State Network,ESN)建立其预测模型,以实现手指弯曲角度的高精度预测。通过实验得知,偏转角度的理论与实验结果平均误差小于8.9%,验证了手指运动学模型的准确性。
文摘在复杂飞行环境中,飞行员决策直接影响航空安全。本研究基于134名飞行学员数据,探讨兴奋易感性对决策犹豫的影响机制。结果表明:1) 兴奋易感性正向预测犹豫不决水平,高敏感个体因认知资源超载更易出现决策延迟;2) 风险感知起部分中介作用,兴奋易感性通过增强风险敏感性诱发过度评估,干扰决策果断性。研究验证了ABC理论模型:高敏感个体在压力下存在“风险感知–情绪唤醒–行为抑制”效应。为飞行员选拔与培训体系提供理论依据。In complex flight environments, the decisiveness of pilots is crucial to aviation safety. This study explored the impact of ease of excitation on pilots’ indecisiveness and examined the mediating role of risk perception between the two. By analyzing scale data from 134 flight trainees, the findings revealed: 1) Pilots’ level of ease of excitation significantly influenced their indecisiveness, with higher sensitivity associated with more pronounced hesitation tendencies;2) Risk perception partially mediated the relationship between ease of excitation and indecisiveness, indicating that ease of excitation not only directly affected indecisiveness but also indirectly influenced decision-making decisiveness by amplifying individuals’ perception of risks. The results supported the ABC theoretical model, suggesting that individuals with high ease of excitation exhibit greater sensitivity to risks, potentially leading to overestimation of threats and impaired decisiveness. This study provides new theoretical insights into individual differences in pilots’ decision-making processes and offers scientific guidance for pilot selection and training. Recommendations include identifying highly sensitive individuals, implementing scenario-based simulations, and fostering psychological resilience to enhance decision-making efficiency in high-risk situations, thereby improving aviation safety.
