摘要
选择云南省金沙江干热河谷典型地段,以土壤理化特性和土壤入渗特征为指标,对不同类型植被蓝桉乔木林和扭黄毛草被的改良土壤效应进行了研究。结果表明:(1)乔木林和草被都有良好的改善土壤物理性能、化学特性和土壤入渗能力的效应,且对上层土壤的改良效果好于下层。(2)对土壤物理性能的改良乔木林优于草被,0～50cm土层乔木林地和草地土壤容重分别比荒地低15.5%和10.9%,总孔隙度高15.4%和15.3%。(3)草被对土壤化学特性的改良优于乔木林,0～50cm土层乔木林地和草地的有机质含量分别比荒地高24.8%和32.3%,全N含量高23.2%和42.9%。不同植被覆盖对P素和K素的调节作用不明显。(4)改善土壤入渗性能的作用草被优于乔木林,乔木林地和草地的稳渗速率分别比荒地高27.4%和88.4%,120min的入渗总量分别高5.7%和30.1%。研究结果还显示,霍顿下渗方程较好地反映了云南元谋干热河谷不同地类的土壤入渗过程及其变化。
Effects of different vegetationtypes on soil amelioration are researched in dryhot valley of Jinshajiang river basin in Yuanmou county, Yunnan province. Results show that:(1) There is obvious effect of Eucalyptus globulus forest and Heteropogon contortus grass on soil physical property, and it is better in uplayer soil than in other layers as well as better on forest than on grass. Volume weight is lower by 15.5% and 10.9%, and soil porosity is higher by 15.4% and 15.3% on 0～50 cm layers of top soil in forest soil and grass soil respectively than on bare land soil. (2) There is evident effect of the forest and the grass on soil chemical property, and it is better in uplayer soil than in other layers as well as better on the grass than on the forest. Organic matter is higher by 24.8% and 32.3%, and total N is higher by 23.2% and 42.9% on 0～50cm layers of top soil in forest soil and grass soil respectively than on bare land soil. pH value is neutral in the forest soil and grass soil, and is alkaline a little in bare land soil. There is not obvious impact of different vegetations on nutrition P and K. (3) There is evident impact of different vegetations on soil infiltration, and it is better in grass soil than in forest soil. Stable infiltration speed is higher by 27.4% and 88.4%, and total infiltration amounts in 120 minutes is higher by 5.7% and 30.1% in forest soil and grass soil respectively than on bare land soil. Test also indicates that it is rational for Horton equation to describe the process and change of soil infiltration under cover of different vegetations in the dryhot valley of Yuanmou county.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第2期67-70,113,共5页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(30170779)
云南省自然科学基金重点项目(2001D00082Z)共同资助
