摘要
通过对浙江哩浦铜矿废弃地土壤的微生物、土壤酶活性及生化作用强度研究表明 :矿区土壤微生物总数下降 ,各主要生理类群数量均呈下降趋势 ,土壤酶活性减弱 ,土壤生化作用强度降低。土壤微生物活性降低是矿区复垦土壤微生物的重要生态特征之一。
Mining,manufacture and disposal of metals and metal-containing meterials inevit ably cause soil contamination.One of the industries formerly causing severe cont amination of soils was the non-ferrous metallurgical industry. Pyrometallurgica l production process lead to large emissions of metals such as Cd,Zn,Pb,Cu,etc.D ue to the phytotoxicity of soil containing high levels of available metals,the n atural vegetation cover might have disappeared to leave a bare site behind. Such bare sites pose a risk for the surroundings because the absence of vegetation f acilitates lateral wind erosion of metal contamination particles,and may enhance the volume of water percolating through the soil and eventually reaching the un derlying ground water.Metal contamination of soil ecosystems negatively impact s a number of soil microbiological properties that could be potential indicators of soil quality and thus could be used as measures of reclamation progress and/ or success.Historically,soil chemical and physical parameters have been used as indicators of soil quality.but due to the role of the microorganisms in total ec osystem function and the sensitivity of soil microbial communities to disturbanc e,biological indicators may also be useful as measures of minesoil reclamation, The microbial community is an integral component of soil quality due. for exampl e,to the critical role it plays in the cycling of nutrients and formation of soi l structure. Soil microorganisms are also highly sensitive to disturbance in the soil ecosystem,and changes in soil microbes activities may be effective early s ignals of degradation or improvement of soil. Because the goal of the mining was teland remediation strategy was a reduction in bioavailability of the metals, mi crobial indicators should be especially useful in assessing its effectiveness. The copper mining wasteland in Lipu,Zhejiang Province,China,is consisted of stri pped mining topsoil and abandoned minning stone,which is stabilized by a tail mi ne dam. The wasteland sampled by the authors is located in a valley which just l ike many other copper mining wastelands in this mountain area. As a serious dama ged ecosystem,the wasteland often recover slowly and produce an impacting on env ironment.No active remedy has been conducted on the copper mining wasteland in L ipu. The objective of this study is the evaluation of soil biological properties as indicators of the impact of heavy metal contamination and subsequent remedia tion at a field site. Soil samples, selected for degree of contamination(distance from contamination s ource).Composited samples consisting of three subsamples were collected(with a m inimum distance between samples of 3 m) from the the top 0～20cm of soil. Soil s amples were maintained at 4℃ by storage in an ice chest during transport to the laboratory. All soil samples were sieved to pass through a 2-mm sieve and main tained at 4℃ until for microbial analysis.Soil samples were analyzed for Cd,Zn, Pb and Cu using the flame atomic absorption sepectrophotometry. A serires of soil microbes,soil enzyme activity and biochemical action intensity in Copper mining wasteland and non-minesoils were studied comparatively. The r esults indicated that, the total quanlity of major soil microbes declined,of whi ch the minesoils was decreased by 68.43%～80.32% in the top soil(0～20cm) comp ared with that of the non-minesoils. The proportion of bacteria and actinomyces in the amount microbes decreased,while that of fungi not obviously changed.The amount of major physiological group including ammonifiers,nitrogenfixing bacteri a,celluosedecomposing microbes,aerobic nitrogen fixing bacteria and anaerobic ni trogen fixing bacteria all decreased. The activity of soil enzyme weakened which include invertase,urease,proteinase,acid phosphtase,catalase,polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase. Soil biochemical action impared which ammonification,nitrificat ion,nitrogen fixation and decomposition of cellulose. As to the soil basic respi ration,the release amounts of CO 2 decreased,al
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第3期496-503,共8页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目 (4 0 1710 54 )~~
关键词
废弃地
矿区土壤
土壤微生物活性
土壤酶
重金属污染
mining wasteland
mine soil
soil microbes activit y
soil enzyme
heavy metal pollution
