摘要
Frequency hopping(FH)plays a significant role in wireless ad hoc networks(WANETs)by enhancing communication security,reliability,and resistance to jamming.However,conventional frequency hopping schemes rely on pre-arranged hopping sequences and strict time synchronization among participating nodes,which limits their adaptability in dynamic and decentralized environments.Motivated by these limitations,we propose a random frequency hopping framework for multi-hop broadcasts in WANETs in combination with carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance(CSMA/CA).To analyze the performance of the proposed framework,we leverage the analogy between information dissemination and epidemic spreading to develop an analytical model,which characterizes message propagation as an annular infection process,incorporating the effects of frequency matching probability,contention-based access control,and equivalent communication radius under Rician fading.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed analytical model can effectively predict the process of message propagation,achieving a mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)of less than 5%.Across diverse network configurations,the analytical and simulation curves remain closely aligned,confirming the robustness and validity of the proposed model.
基金
supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants 62525105,U22B2008,and 62401030
in part by the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program under Grant GZC20252780
in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
