摘要
南极地理实体命名活动是南极科学考察自由和国际合作原则的重要表现。《南极地名国际原则和程序》作为目前唯一专门规制该活动的国际文书,在各国实践长期缺乏统一规则的背景下,为南极地理实体命名活动提供了基本标准与程序,具有现实规范价值。然而,该规范未有效解决重复命名及地名来源国别失衡等问题。其根源在于南极地理实体命名活动国际法效力的争议及南极研究科学委员会机制话语权分配的不均。推动南极地名中性化政策并完善相关制度是改进南极地理实体命名国际规制的关键路径。作为持续参与其中的发展中国家,中国应坚持南极地名中性化立场,深化国际合作,提升制度性话语权,促进南极治理趋向完善并维护自身合法权益。
Naming of Antarctic features reflects the principles of freedom of scientific research in Antarctica and international cooperation.The International Principles and Procedures for Antarctic Geographical Names,as the sole instrument specifically governing this field,provides basic standards and procedures in the absence of uniform State practice and carries practical significance.Yet it has not resolved problems of duplicate naming or the unequal national distribution of place names,primarily due to unresolved disputes over the international legal effects of naming and unequal discursive power within the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research framework.Advancing the neutralization of Antarctic geographical names and refining institutional arrangements are central to improving this regime.China,as a developing State with sustained engagement,should uphold the neutralization approach,deepen cooperation,and strengthen its institutional voice to support Antarctic governance while safeguarding its legal interests.
作者
李雪平
迟一诺
LI Xueping;CHI Yinuo(School of Law,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)
出处
《中国海商法研究》
2026年第1期30-38,共9页
Chinese Journal of Maritime Law
基金
2021年度国家社科基金重点项目“推动构建新型国际关系和人类命运共同体的国际法规范体系建设研究”(21AZD092)
2024年度极地环境监测与公共治理教育部重点实验室开放基金资助项目“南极地理实体命名的国际法问题研究”(202408)。
关键词
地理命名
领土取得
软法
南极研究科学委员会
和平利用南极
geographical naming
territorial acquisition
soft law
Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research
peaceful use of Antarctica
