摘要
为解决多雨生态条件下江西烟区赣烟157的烘烤编烟量适配问题,以下部叶(第3~5叶位)、中部叶(第8~10叶位)和上部叶(第15~17叶位)为材料,设置不同的编烟量处理,系统分析编烟量对烟叶烘烤质量的影响。结果表明:编烟量对烘烤时长和烟叶品质的影响较大,并且其影响具有明显的部位差异。随着单杆编烟量增加,烘烤时间缩短(下部叶9 h,中上部叶5.5~8 h),但过快烘烤不利于品质形成。下部叶为X120处理(120片/杆,320杆/烤)的桔黄烟率最高(52.65%),烤青率最低(10.41%),感官评吸质量得分最高(72.4);中部叶为C130处理(130片/杆,340杆/烤)的挂灰率较低,油分与色度最佳,香气量得分最高(16.5);上部叶为B140处理(140片/杆,350杆/烤)的桔黄烟率(64.16%)和感官评吸质量得分(73.5)最高。编烟量对烟叶多数化学成分无显著影响,但X120处理显著降低了下部叶的淀粉含量。质体色素及香气物质总量均表现为下部叶>中部叶>上部叶,X140处理(140片/杆,320杆/烤)可显著促进下部叶的色素降解,其致香物质总量最高;B120处理(120片/杆,408杆/烤)则有利于上部叶苯丙氨酸类降解产物积累。可见,赣烟157的适宜编烟量明显低于传统品种K326和云烟87,下部叶120片/杆、中部叶130片/杆和上部叶140片/杆可协调烘烤效率、外观质量与感官品质。本研究可为多雨生态区赣烟157的烘烤提供技术支撑。
To address the issue of optimal leaf arrangement density for curing Ganyan 157 in the tobacco-growing regions of Jiangxi under rainy ecological conditions,this study used lower leaves(3rd-5th leaf position),middle leaves(8th-10th leaf position),and upper leaves(15th-17th leaf position)as materials.Different leaf arrangement densities were set to systematically analyze their effects on tobacco leaf curing quality.The results showed that leaf arrangement density significantly influenced curing duration and tobacco leaf quality,with distinct effects depending on leaf position.As the number of leaves per stick increased,curing time decreased(by 9 hours for lower leaves and 5.5-8 hours for middle and upper leaves),but excessively rapid curing was detrimental to quality formation.For lower leaves,the X120 treatment(120 leaves/stick,320 sticks/kiln)achieved the highest proportion of orange-yellow leaves(52.65%)and the lowest proportion of greenish leaves(10.41%),along with the highest sensory score(72.4).For middle leaves,the C130 treatment(130 leaves/stick,340 sticks/kiln)exhibited a low ash rate,optimal oil content and color intensity,and the highest aroma score(16.5).For upper leaves,the B140 treatment(140 leaves/stick,350 sticks/kiln)yielded the highest orange-yellow leaf rate(64.16%)and sensory score(73.5).Leaf arrangement density had no significant effect on most chemical components of the tobacco leaves,but the X120 treatment significantly reduced starch content in lower leaves.The total plastid pigment and aroma substance contents followed the order:lower leaves>middle leaves>upper leaves.The X140 treatment(140 leaves/stick,320 sticks/kiln)significantly promoted pigment degradation in lower leaves,resulting in the highest total aroma substance content,while the B120 treatment(120 leaves/stick,408 sticks/kiln)favored the accumulation of phenylalanine degradation products in upper leaves.Thus,the optimal leaf arrangement parameters for Ganyan 157 were significantly lower than those for traditional varieties K326 and Yunyan 87.Specifically,120 leaves/stick for lower leaves,130 leaves/stick for middle leaves,and 140 leaves/stick for upper leaves can balance curing efficiency,appearance quality,and sensory quality.The result can provide technical support for curing this high-quality tobacco strain in rainy ecological regions.
作者
刘勇
杨新士
张雄峰
张小仁
李卓
陈仁霄
赖劲鹏
李立新
LIU Yong;YANG Xinshi;ZHANG Xiongfeng;ZHANG Xiaoren;LI Zhuo;CHEN Renxiao;LAI Jinpeng;LI Lixin(Tobacco Science Institute of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330025,China;Shicheng Branch of Ganzhou Tobacco Company,Shicheng,Jiangxi 341000,China)
出处
《作物研究》
2026年第1期73-80,共8页
Crop Research
基金
中国烟草总公司项目[110202201013(JY-13)]
中国烟草总公司江西省公司项目(202401005)。
关键词
烤烟
编烟量
烘烤
赣烟157
flue-cured tobacco
weaving density
curing
Ganyan 157
