摘要
针对花椒在采收过程中存在采摘效率低等问题,设计了一种基于拨轮喂入与切割机构结合的高效花椒采摘器。采摘器的拨轮喂入机构将花椒簇带入采摘器内的同时切割机构将花椒簇柄快速切断,实现采摘。测试了花椒簇的物理特性,得到长、宽、高的分布范围和平均值,为采摘器的设计提供了理论依据;设计并计算采摘器拨轮喂入机构中拨轮的转速、轴心高等参数;运用ADAMS软件对拨轮喂入机构和切割机构进行运动仿真分析,结果显示拨轮拨杆的运动轨迹为长摆线,能够实现对花椒簇的推送作用,同时切割机构能够完成对花椒簇的切割;根据设计方案制作样机并进行试验,结果表明其采摘效率约为人工的2倍,损伤率为2.72%。采摘器的设计与试验为后期花椒机械化采收设备的研制提供了参考和依据。
Aiming at the problem of low picking efficiency in the harvesting process of Zanthoxylum bungeanum.An efficient Zanthoxylum bungeanum picker based on the combination of dial wheel feeding and cutting mechanism was designed.The dial wheel feeding mechanism of the picker brings the Zanthoxylum bungeanum into the picker,and the cutting mechanism cuts off the Zanthoxylum bungeanum handle quickly to realize picking.The physical properties of Zanthoxylum bungeanum clusters were tested,and the parameters such as length,width and height distribution range and average value were obtained,which provided a theoretical basis for the design of the picker.The parameters such as the rotational speed and the center height of the dial wheel feeding mechanism of the picker were designed and calculated.ADAMS software was used to simulate the movement of the wheel feeding mechanism and the cutting mechanism.The results showed that the movement trajectory of the wheel lever was a long cycloid,indicating that the pushing effect on the Zanthoxylum bungeanum could be realized,and the cutting mechanism can complete the cutting of the Zanthoxylum bungeanum.According to the design scheme,a prototype was made and tested.The prototype test results showed that the picking efficiency was about 2 times of manual,the damage rate was 2.72%,and the picking effect was good.The design and testing of the picker provide reference and basis for the development of mechanized harvesting equipment for Zanthoxylum bungeanum in the later stage.
作者
张希峰
陈金利
栾庆华
巩彬
花蕾
张荣彬
Zhang Xifeng;Chen Jinli;Luan Qinghua;Gong Bin;Hua Lei;Zhang Rongbin(Zibo Institute of Agricultural Machinery Research,Zibo 255086,China;Zichuan District Agricultural Machinery Service Center,Zibo 255100,China)
出处
《农机化研究》
北大核心
2026年第7期64-70,共7页
Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research
基金
山东省技术创新引导计划项目(中央引导地方科技发展资金项目)(YDZX2024038)。
关键词
采摘器
拨轮
喂入机构
切割机构
花椒簇
picker
dial wheel
feeding mechanism
cutting mechanism
Zanthoxylum bungeanum cluster
