摘要
目的明确新型杀螨剂乙唑螨腈在苹果中不同部位的残留特征。方法本研究参照《农作物中农药残留试验准则》开展田间试验,以30%乙唑螨腈悬浮液为试验对象,以早熟苹果红露为试材,在苹果害螨发生期和果实采收前按推荐剂量和2倍推荐剂量对整株果树进行喷雾,施药后随机采样。采用QuEChERS-高效液相色谱法测定不同剂量下乙唑螨腈在苹果不同部位中乙唑螨腈残留。结果在0.05~5.00 mg/L质量浓度范围内乙唑螨腈在苹果基质中的质量浓度与响应值具有良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.99。添加回收试验中,乙唑螨腈的平均回收率为98.88%~100.22%(相对标准偏差为0.34%~0.92%)。检测结果表明乙唑螨腈残留主要附着在苹果果皮上,通过内吸传导至果肉的残留很少,平均残留量呈现出果皮>全果>果肉的趋势。推荐剂量下,果皮中残留量最高,施药后2 h为3.19 mg/kg,超3倍最大残留限量(maximum residue limit,MRL)值(1 mg/kg),施药后5 d果皮中残留量降至0.6 mg/kg,在1.00 mg/kg(MRL)以下,安全风险较低。2倍推荐剂量下,施药后2 h在果皮中的原始残留量为5.90 mg/kg,为推荐剂量下残留量的1.85倍。2倍推荐剂量下,施药后7 d在果皮中的残留量为1.11 mg/kg>1.00 mg/kg(MRL),仍未达标。结论苹果果皮是乙唑螨腈的主要残留部位,残留量随施药剂量的增加明显增加,超推荐剂量施用会明显增加残留风险,直接影响苹果的食品安全。建议生产中严格遵循推荐剂量施用,控制施用频次,执行7 d以上采收间隔期,消费者可通过去皮有效降低潜在风险。
Objective To clarify the residue characteristics of the novel acaricides cyetpyrafen in different parts of Malus domestica.Methods Field trials were conducted in accordance with the Guidelines for pesticide residue trials in crops.The 30%cyetpyrafen suspension was used as the test object,and the early-maturing Malus domestica variety Honglu was used as the test material.The whole Malus domestica trees were sprayed with the recommended dose and twice the recommended dose during the occurrence period of Malus domestica mites and before fruit harvest.Samples were randomly collected after spraying.The residues of cyetpyrafen in different parts of Malus domestica at different doses were determined by QuEChERS-high performance liquid chromatography.Results Within the mass concentration range of 0.05–5.00 mg/L,the mass concentration of cyetpyrafen in the Malus domestica matrix had a good linear relationship with the response value,and the correlation coefficient was greater than 0.99.In the addition recovery test,the average recovery rate of cyetpyrafen was 98.88%–100.22%(relative standard deviation was 0.34%–0.92%).The detection results showed that the residues of cyetpyrafen mainly adhered to the Malus domestica peel,and the residues conducted to the flesh through internal absorption were very few.The average residue amount showed the trend of peel>whole fruit>flesh.Under the recommended dosage,the residue level in the fruit peel was the highest,reaching 3.19 mg/kg 2 h after application,which was over 3 times the maximum residue limit(MRL)(1 mg/kg).The residue level in the fruit peel dropped to 0.6 mg/kg 5 d after application,below the MRL(1.00 mg/kg),indicating a relatively low safety risk.At twice the recommended dose,the original residue amount in the peel 2 h after spraying was 5.90 mg/kg,which was 1.85 times that of the recommended dose.At twice the recommended dose,the residue amount in the peel 7 d after spraying was 1.11 mg/kg>1.00 mg/kg(MRL),still not meeting the standard.Conclusion The Malus domestica peel is the main residue site of etofenprox.The residue amount increases significantly with the increase of the application dose.Applying at doses exceeding the recommended level will significantly increase the residue risk and directly affect the food safety of Malus domestica.It is recommended that during production,the recommended dosage should be strictly followed for application,and the frequency of application should be controlled.It is suggested that a harvest interval of more than 7 d.Consumers can effectively reduce potential risks by peeling the fruit.
作者
马鹏
王联广
周树娅
季青梅
杨旭
卢艳
邓书行
MA Peng;WANG Lian-Guang;ZHOU Shu-Ya;JI Qing-Mei;YANG Xu;LU Yan;DENG Shu-Hang(Zhaotong Green Food Development Center,Zhaotong 657000,China;Ludian County Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Inspection and Testing Station,Zhaotong 657000,China)
出处
《食品安全质量检测学报》
2026年第4期129-134,共6页
Journal of Food Safety and Quality
基金
云南省2025年“三区”科技人才项目。
关键词
杀螨剂
乙唑螨腈
苹果
农药残留
acaricides
cyetpyrafen
Malus domestica
pesticide residue
