摘要
【目的】全球入侵害虫红棕象甲Rhynchophorus ferrugineus不仅在原产热带地区传播扩散,且借助自身生物学、生态学特征与适应能力,也在更高纬度区域(如亚热带)入侵。本研究通过对比不同纬度入侵种群繁殖行为,分析可能出现的地理变异性,以此揭示红棕象甲向北入侵过程形成的繁殖适应策略。【方法】从野外采集红棕象甲南昌入侵种群茧苞,跟踪成虫羽化、交配、产卵等行为,结合肉眼观察与视频监控记录发生时刻、频次、个数等。同时,用文献法采集文昌、南宁、福州入侵种群的类似数据,经整理、加工,运用游程检验、Mann-Whitney U检验等分析成虫行为特征。【结果】红棕象甲侵入亚热带(如南昌、南宁)后,成虫交配节律(南昌:P=0.034,南宁:P=0.003)与产卵节律(南昌:P<0.001)变得更显著,游程检验显示活动频次在时间轴上为非随机分布,光期/白天交配率显著(南昌:P=0.009,南宁:P<0.001)高于暗期/夜间,观察到南昌种群的产卵峰值在下午13:00与傍晚19:00出现,而热带(如文昌)入侵种群则无显著交配、产卵节律。红棕象甲成虫羽化在全天各时段均可发生,羽化节律不明显。成虫交配期间,记录交配持续时间从1-1325 s不等,变幅明显,但75%分位值为103 s。此外,交配前期(P=0.011)、交配持续时间(P=0.014)越长,雌虫产卵量越大,正向相关性显著,而抱对时间、交配频次(P=0.37)与产卵量无显著相关性(抱对时间:P=0.05,交配频次:P=0.37)。【结论】红棕象甲可通过改变交配、产卵行为节律等繁殖策略与适应方式,为向北或更高纬度入侵、定殖与建群提供可能。再次印证红棕象甲是一种强入侵力有害生物,需持续保持关注与警惕,包括长江以北及更高纬度地区。
[Aim]To analyze latitudinal variability in the reproductive behavior of the red palm weevil,Rhynchophorus ferrugineus,in order to reveal adaptations that could facilitate the continued northward invasion of this pest.[Methods]Cocoons of the Nanchang population of R.ferrugineus were collected in the field,and adult emergence,mating,and oviposition behavior were recorded to analyze and compare the timing,frequency,and number of these behaviors.The same data on three other populations(Wenchang,Nanning and Fuzhou)were collected from the literature.After sorting and processing the data,the reproductive behavior of these four populations was compared using statistical tests,such as the Run test and Mann-Whitney U test.[Results]The temporal rhythm of mating and oviposition in populations from subtropical regions(such as Nanchang and Nanning)were significantly different to those of other populations.A Run test analysis of a non-random 24 h time series indicates that these populations had a significantly higher mating rate during the light phase(daytime)than during the dark phase(night).The oviposition peak of the Nanchang population took place from 13:00 to 19:00,whereas no significant mating,or oviposition rhythm,was observed in populations from tropical locations(such as Wenchang).Adult emergence had no significant temporal pattern.Mating duration ranged from 1 second to 1325 seconds,with a 75%quantile of 103 seconds.There was a significant positive correlation between the number of eggs laid by females and the duration of the pre-mating period and mating.However,there was no significant correlation between mating frequency and the number of eggs number laid.[Conclusion]Our results indicate that the red palm weevil is capable of adapting its reproductive behavior,such as changing its mating or oviposition rhythm,which may facilitate its establishment at higher latitudes in China.These findings suggest that the red palm weevil is not confined to tropical,or sub-tropical,regions and that effective control of this pest will therefore require monitoring at higher latitudes north of the Yangtze River.
作者
严婧
张康
王欽召
熊阳平
刘兴平
曾菊平
YAN Jing;ZHANG Kang;WANG Qin-Zhao;XIONG Yang-Ping;LIU Xing-Ping;ZENG Ju-Ping(Key Laboratory of Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration in Poyang Lake Basin,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,College of Forestry,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Observation and Research Station of Forestry Ecosystem in Lushan Mountain,Jiujiang 332900,China)
出处
《应用昆虫学报》
2025年第6期1836-1847,共12页
Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology
基金
江西省林业科技创新专项(201815)
江西农业大学大学生创新训练项目(201810410110)。
关键词
红棕象甲
入侵害虫
地理种群
繁殖行为
节律
适应性
Rhynchophorus ferrugineus
invasive pest
geographic population
reproductive behavior
rhythm
adaptation
