摘要
目的分析2023与2024年广州市海珠区本地登革热疫情的流行特征,探讨职业、城中村等环境类型对病例构成的影响,为制定精准防控策略提供科学依据。方法收集2023年6—12月与2024年6—12月广州市海珠区本地登革热病例数据,分析病例的居住环境类型(城中村、物管小区、非物管小区)、归属街道(城区与城乡结合部)、职业等特征,比较不同组别的构成差异。结果2023与2024年海珠区分别报告本地登革热病例190和496例,高峰在10月左右,2023年发病率10.5/10万和2024年发病率27.4/10万,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。64.3%病例集中在>20~60岁年龄段。2023年从事布匹制衣服装行业的比例为18.4%,高于2024年的7.5%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2023年从事建筑相关行业的病例为2.1%,低于2024年的6.3%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2023年登革热病例的发病到报告时间间隔天数为5(3,6)d,2024年为3(2,5)d,2024年短于2023年,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论广州市海珠区本地登革热疫情防控需要重点关注城乡结合部街道和城中村这类人口密度高、流动性大、卫生死角多等环境复杂区域,需要加强对建筑工人和布匹服装行业从业人员等较高暴露风险人群的重点干预。通过聚焦重点区域和高暴露风险人群,采取精准防控措施,以最小成本实现最优的疫情防控效果。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of dengue fever in Haizhu District,Guangzhou in 2023 and 2024,explore the impact of occupational and urban village environmental types on the composition of cases,and provide scientific basis for formulating precise prevention and control strategies.Methods Collected local dengue fever case data of Haizhu District from June to December 2023 and June to December 2024,analyzed the characteristics and compared the differences in composition among different groups,such as living environment type(urban village,property management community,non property management community),street affiliation(urban and urban-rural junction),occupation,etc.Results In Haizhu district,190 and 496 local dengue cases were reported in 2023 and 2024,respectively,with the peak occurring around October.The incidence rates were 10.5 per 100000 population in 2023 and 27.4 per 100000 population in 2024,showing a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).A total of 64.3%of the cases were concentrated in the age group of>20 to 60 years.The proportion of cases engaged in the cloth,garment and apparel industry was 18.4%in 2023,which was significantly higher than 7.5%in 2024(P<0.05).The proportion of cases engaged in construction-related industries was 2.1%in 2023,which was significantly lower than 6.3%in 2024(P<0.05).The interval from onset to reporting of dengue cases was 5(3,6)days in 2023 and 3(2,5)days in 2024;the interval in 2024 was significantly shorter than that in 2023(P<0.05).Conclusion The local dengue fever epidemic prevention and control in Haizhu district,Guangzhou city needs to focus on areas with high population density,high mobility,and many blind spots in health management,such as streets and urban villages in urban-rural fringe areas.It is necessary to strengthen key interventions for high-risk groups such as construction workers and textile and clothing industry employees.By focusing on key areas and high-risk populations,adopting precise prevention and control measures,the optimal epidemic prevention and control effect can be achieved at the minimum cost.
作者
杨森林
吴小轩
宾岑
梁思雅
彭文慧
夏芳芳
YANG Senlin;WU Xiaoxuan;BIN Cen;LIANG Siya;PENG Wenhui;XIA Fangfang(Department of Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Prevention and Control,Haizhu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangzhou City,Guangzhou Guangdong 510288,China)
出处
《中国卫生标准管理》
2025年第22期37-41,共5页
China Health Standard Management
基金
2025年广州市卫生健康科技一般引导项目(20251A011105)。
关键词
登革热
城中村
建筑工人
布匹服装
流行特征
精准防控
dengue fever
urban villages
construction worker
textile and clothing industry
popular characteristics
precise prevention and control
