摘要
氧化锆基吸附剂因其高亲和力、稳定性和低成本,在污染物净化中具有广泛的应用前景,尤其在废水处理中的吸附除氟方面表现出显著优势。氧化锆基吸附剂的除氟机制主要包括与羟基的离子交换作用和在酸性条件下的静电吸引作用。此外,这类吸附剂可以通过使用强碱进行有效再生。采用热液合成、共沉淀和浸渍法等合成路线,可以实现氧化锆与金属氧化物、树脂、水凝胶和石墨烯等材料的复合,形成具有独特尺寸、形貌或化学特性的材料,从而提高氟化物的吸附容量和选择性。本文全面概述了氧化锆基吸附材料的除氟机制与性能、不同类型、应用途径,以期为未来研究提供参考,推动氧化锆基吸附剂在水体除氟领域的应用和优化,帮助开发更高效、更环保的水处理技术。
Zirconium-based adsorbents have been extensively employed in pollutant purification owing to their high affinity,stability,and low cost,and they exhibit significant advantages in adsorbing fluoride from wastewater.The fluoride removal mechanisms of zirconium-based adsorbents primarily involve ion exchange with hydroxyl groups and electrostatic attraction under acidic conditions.Additionally,these adsorbents can be effectively regenerated using aqueous alkaline solutions.Synthesis routes such as hydrothermal synthesis,co-precipitation,and impregnation enable the integration of zirconium with various substrates,including metal oxides,resins,hydrogels,and graphene.These composite materials exhibit unique sizes,morphologies,and chemical properties,thereby enhancing the adsorption capacity and selectivity for fluoride.This review provides a comprehensive overview of zirconium-based adsorbents,including their types,defluoridation mechanisms,adsorption performance,and application strategies.It aims to serve as a reference for future research,promote the application and optimization of zirconium-based adsorbents in water defluoridation,and support the development of more efficient and environmentally friendly water treatment technologies.
作者
张保晴
徐冉
坑梓喆
李丫
ZHANG Baoqing;XU Ran;KENG Zizhe;LI Ya(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)
出处
《水处理技术》
2026年第2期19-25,共7页
Technology of Water Treatment
基金
重大科技项目-2022年顺德区核心技术攻关项目(顺科发[2022]57号
2230218004263)。
关键词
氧化锆
氟离子
吸附
合成
机制
zirconium
fluoride ion
adsorption
synthesis
mechanism
