摘要
肝硬化失代偿期是慢性肝病进展的终末阶段,以腹水、肝性脑病、静脉曲张破裂出血等一系列严重并发症为特征,临床预后不佳。尽管临床管理策略不断优化,但在早期识别、并发症精准干预和肝功能逆转等方面仍面临诸多挑战。本文系统综述了失代偿期肝硬化的流行病学特征、病理生理机制、病因及并发症的诊治、临床挑战及当前治疗的局限性,并重点探讨包含生物标志物开发、细胞治疗和再生疗法、新型药物靶点等领域的前沿进展,为优化失代偿期肝硬化患者的临床管理提供新的诊疗思路。
Decompensated cirrhosis represents the terminal stage of chronic liver disease progression,characterized by a series of severe complications including ascites,hepatic encephalopathy,and bleeding from ruptured varices,with a poor clinical prognosis.Despite continuous optimization of clinical management strategies,significant challenges remain in early identification,precise intervention for complications,and reversal of liver function.This systematic review examines the epidemiological characteristics,pathophysiological mechanisms,etiology,diagnosis and treatment of complications,clinical challenges,and limitations of current therapies for decompensated cirrhosis.It highlights cutting-edge advances in biomarker development,cell therapy and regenerative medicine,novel drug targets,and other emerging fields,offering new diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives to optimize clinical management for patients with decompensated cirrhosis.
作者
陆伦根
王俊俊
杨雨霏
LU Lungen;WANG Junjun;YANG Yufei(Department of Gastroenterology,Shanghai General Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200080,China)
出处
《西南医科大学学报》
2026年第1期1-6,共6页
Journal of Southwest Medical University
基金
国家自然科学基金(82170620)。
关键词
肝硬化失代偿
门静脉高压症
静脉曲张
肝性脑病
再代偿
Decompensated cirrhosis
Portal hypertension
Varices
Hepatic encephalopathy
Recompensation
